diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/cache.c b/libCacheSim/cache/cache.c
index 304fe14e..f3ce0de4 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/cache.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/cache.c
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ cache_obj_t *cache_find_base(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
 #endif
 
     if (update_cache) {
-      cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
-      cache_obj->misc.freq += 1;
+      cache_obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+      cache_obj->freq += 1;
     }
   }
 
@@ -290,8 +290,8 @@ cache_obj_t *cache_insert_base(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   cache_obj->create_time = CURR_TIME(cache, req);
 #endif
 
-  cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
-  cache_obj->misc.freq = 0;
+  cache_obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+  cache_obj->freq = 0;
 
   return cache_obj;
 }
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARC.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARC.c
index 433c2bd2..c8b22d88 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARC.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARC.c
@@ -277,9 +277,9 @@ static cache_obj_t *ARC_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
       prepend_obj_to_head(&params->L2_data_head, &params->L2_data_tail, obj);
 
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
-      obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+      obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
       printf("%ld keep %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj->create_time,
-             obj->misc.next_access_vtime);
+             obj->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
       params->L1_data_size -= obj->obj_size + cache->obj_md_size;
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ static void _ARC_evict_L1_data(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
   printf("%ld demote %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj->create_time,
-         obj->misc.next_access_vtime);
+         obj->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
   cache_evict_base(cache, obj, false);
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ static void _ARC_evict_L1_data_no_ghost(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
   printf("%ld demote %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj->create_time,
-         obj->misc.next_access_vtime);
+         obj->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
   remove_obj_from_list(&params->L1_data_head, &params->L1_data_tail, obj);
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARCv0.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARCv0.c
index d8893dce..98e8c683 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARCv0.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/ARCv0.c
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ static cache_obj_t *ARCv0_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
   } else {
     // cache hit, case I: x in L1_data or L2_data
     if (obj_t1 != NULL) {
-      obj_t1->misc.freq = 1;
+      obj_t1->freq = 1;
 #ifndef LAZY_PROMOTION
       // move to LRU2
       params->T1->remove(params->T1, obj_t1->obj_id);
@@ -297,7 +297,6 @@ static cache_obj_t *ARCv0_insert(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   } else {
     // insert to L1 data head
     obj = params->T1->insert(params->T1, req);
-    obj->misc.freq = 0;
   }
 
   return obj;
@@ -421,7 +420,7 @@ static void _ARCv0_replace(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
     DEBUG_ASSERT(obj != NULL);
     copy_cache_obj_to_request(params->req_local, obj);
 #ifdef LAZY_PROMOTION
-    if (obj->misc.freq > 0) {
+    if (obj->freq > 0) {
       params->T2->get(params->T2, params->req_local);
     } else {
       params->B1->get(params->B1, params->req_local);
@@ -490,7 +489,7 @@ static void _ARCv0_evict_miss_on_all_queues(cache_t *cache,
       cache_obj_t *obj = params->T1->to_evict(params->T1, req);
       DEBUG_ASSERT(obj != NULL);
       copy_cache_obj_to_request(params->req_local, obj);
-      if (obj->misc.freq > 0) {
+      if (obj->freq > 0) {
         params->T2->get(params->T2, params->req_local);
       }
       params->T1->evict(params->T1, req);
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Merge.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Merge.c
index b5bf6e36..763ab61f 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Merge.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Merge.c
@@ -189,10 +189,8 @@ static cache_obj_t *FIFO_Merge_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
   cache_obj_t *cache_obj = cache_find_base(cache, req, update_cache);
 
   if (cache_obj && update_cache) {
-    cache_obj->FIFO_Merge.freq++;
-
+    cache_obj->FIFO_Merge.freq += 1;
     cache_obj->FIFO_Merge.last_access_vtime = cache->n_req;
-    cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
   }
 
   return cache_obj;
@@ -216,7 +214,6 @@ static cache_obj_t *FIFO_Merge_insert(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   prepend_obj_to_head(&params->q_head, &params->q_tail, cache_obj);
   cache_obj->FIFO_Merge.freq = 0;
   cache_obj->FIFO_Merge.last_access_vtime = cache->n_req;
-  cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
 
   return cache_obj;
 }
@@ -418,10 +415,10 @@ static inline int cmp_list_node(const void *a0, const void *b0) {
 }
 
 static inline double belady_metric(cache_t *cache, cache_obj_t *cache_obj) {
-  if (cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime == -1 ||
-      cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime == INT64_MAX)
+  if (cache_obj->next_access_vtime == -1 ||
+      cache_obj->next_access_vtime == INT64_MAX)
     return -1;
-  return 1.0e12 / (cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime - cache->n_req) /
+  return 1.0e12 / (cache_obj->next_access_vtime - cache->n_req) /
          (double)cache_obj->obj_size;
 }
 
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Reinsertion.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Reinsertion.c
index 99089836..3d68a784 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Reinsertion.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/FIFO_Reinsertion.c
@@ -200,7 +200,6 @@ static cache_obj_t *FIFO_Reinsertion_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
   if (cache_obj && update_cache) {
     cache_obj->FIFO_Reinsertion.freq++;
     cache_obj->FIFO_Reinsertion.last_access_vtime = cache->n_req;
-    cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
   }
 
   return cache_obj;
@@ -227,7 +226,6 @@ static cache_obj_t *FIFO_Reinsertion_insert(cache_t *cache,
 
   obj->FIFO_Reinsertion.freq = 0;
   obj->FIFO_Reinsertion.last_access_vtime = cache->n_req;
-  obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
 
   return obj;
 }
@@ -440,10 +438,10 @@ static inline int cmp_list_node(const void *a0, const void *b0) {
 }
 
 static inline double belady_metric(cache_t *cache, cache_obj_t *cache_obj) {
-  if (cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime == -1 ||
-      cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime == INT64_MAX)
+  if (cache_obj->next_access_vtime == -1 ||
+      cache_obj->next_access_vtime == INT64_MAX)
     return -1;
-  return 1.0e12 / (cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime - cache->n_req) /
+  return 1.0e12 / (cache_obj->next_access_vtime - cache->n_req) /
          (double)cache_obj->obj_size;
 }
 
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/obj.h b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/obj.h
index f826a221..8900437e 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/obj.h
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/obj.h
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ static inline void obj_init(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
   cache_obj->GLCache.last_access_vtime = params->curr_vtime;
   cache_obj->GLCache.in_cache = 1;
   cache_obj->GLCache.seen_after_snapshot = 0;
-  cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+  cache_obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
 
   cache_obj->GLCache.segment = seg;
   cache_obj->GLCache.idx_in_segment = seg->n_obj;
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ static inline int64_t obj_age(GLCache_params_t *params, cache_obj_t *obj) {
 /* some internal state update when an object is requested */
 static inline void obj_hit_update(GLCache_params_t *params, cache_obj_t *obj,
                                   const request_t *req) {
-  obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+  obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
   obj->GLCache.last_access_rtime = params->curr_rtime;
   obj->GLCache.last_access_vtime = params->curr_vtime;
   obj->GLCache.freq += 1;
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ static inline double cal_obj_score(GLCache_params_t *params,
            (curr_rtime - cache_obj->GLCache.last_access_rtime);
 
   } else if (score_type == OBJ_SCORE_ORACLE) {
-    if (cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime == -1 ||
-        cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime == INT64_MAX) {
+    if (cache_obj->next_access_vtime == -1 ||
+        cache_obj->next_access_vtime == INT64_MAX) {
       return 0;
     }
 
-    DEBUG_ASSERT(cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime > curr_vtime);
+    DEBUG_ASSERT(cache_obj->next_access_vtime > curr_vtime);
     return 1.0e8 / (double)cache_obj->obj_size /
-           (double)(cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime - curr_vtime);
+           (double)(cache_obj->next_access_vtime - curr_vtime);
 
   } else {
     printf("unknown cache type %d\n", score_type);
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/segment.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/segment.c
index b1399422..6e4d9563 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/segment.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/GLCache/segment.c
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ double cal_seg_utility(cache_t *cache, segment_t *seg, bool oracle_obj_sel) {
 static int count_n_obj_reuse(cache_t *cache, segment_t *seg) {
   int n = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < seg->n_obj; i++) {
-    if (seg->objs[i].misc.next_access_vtime > 0) {
+    if (seg->objs[i].next_access_vtime > 0) {
       n += 1;
     }
   }
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRU.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRU.c
index c12fdb52..6dcd14c4 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRU.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRU.c
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ static void LRU_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
   if (cache->track_demotion)
     printf("%ld demote %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj_to_evict->create_time,
-           obj_to_evict->misc.next_access_vtime);
+           obj_to_evict->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
   cache_evict_base(cache, obj_to_evict, true);
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRUProb.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRUProb.c
index 17638ee0..23ada9e8 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRUProb.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LRUProb.c
@@ -149,9 +149,6 @@ static cache_obj_t *LRU_Prob_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
 
   cache_obj_t *cached_obj = cache_find_base(cache, req, update_cache);
   if (cached_obj != NULL && likely(update_cache)) {
-    cached_obj->misc.freq += 1;
-    cached_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
-
     if (next_rand() % params->threshold == 0) {
       move_obj_to_head(&params->q_head, &params->q_tail, cached_obj);
     }
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LeCaR.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LeCaR.c
index df3f35d3..eacf5335 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LeCaR.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/LeCaR.c
@@ -362,9 +362,9 @@ static cache_obj_t *LeCaR_to_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 
   // we divide by 1,000,000 to avoid overflow when next_access_vtime is
   // INT64_MAX
-  double lru_belady_metric = lru_choice->misc.next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
+  double lru_belady_metric = lru_choice->next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
   lru_belady_metric = lru_belady_metric / 1000000.0 * lru_choice->obj_size;
-  double lfu_belady_metric = lfu_choice->misc.next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
+  double lfu_belady_metric = lfu_choice->next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
   lfu_belady_metric = lfu_belady_metric / 1000000.0 * lfu_choice->obj_size;
 
   if (lru_belady_metric > lfu_belady_metric) {
@@ -394,9 +394,9 @@ static void LeCaR_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 
   // we divide by 1,000,000 to avoid overflow when next_access_vtime is
   // INT64_MAX
-  double lru_belady_metric = lru_choice->misc.next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
+  double lru_belady_metric = lru_choice->next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
   lru_belady_metric = lru_belady_metric / 1000000.0 * lru_choice->obj_size;
-  double lfu_belady_metric = lfu_choice->misc.next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
+  double lfu_belady_metric = lfu_choice->next_access_vtime - cache->n_req;
   lfu_belady_metric = lfu_belady_metric / 1000000.0 * lfu_choice->obj_size;
 
   if (lru_belady_metric > lfu_belady_metric) {
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/QDLP.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/QDLP.c
index e700abb8..b1edd82f 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/QDLP.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/QDLP.c
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ static cache_obj_t *QDLP_insert(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   obj->create_time = CURR_TIME(cache, req);
 #endif
 
-  assert(obj->misc.freq == 0);
+  assert(obj->freq == 0);
 
   return obj;
 }
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ static void QDLP_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   // need to copy the object before it is evicted
   copy_cache_obj_to_request(params->req_local, obj);
 
-  if (obj->misc.freq >= params->move_to_main_threshold) {
+  if (obj->freq >= params->move_to_main_threshold) {
     // get will insert to and evict from main cache
     params->n_obj_move_to_main += 1;
     params->n_byte_move_to_main += obj->obj_size;
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOd.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOd.c
index 34e0c3a5..f04b8c75 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOd.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOd.c
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ static cache_obj_t *S3FIFOd_insert(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
     obj = params->small_fifo->insert(params->small_fifo, req);
   }
 
-  assert(obj->misc.freq == 0);
+  assert(obj->freq == 0);
 
 #if defined(TRACK_EVICTION_V_AGE)
   obj->create_time = CURR_TIME(cache, req);
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ static void S3FIFOd_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   copy_cache_obj_to_request(params->req_local, obj);
 
 #if defined(TRACK_EVICTION_V_AGE)
-  if (obj->misc.freq >= params->move_to_main_threshold) {
+  if (obj->freq >= params->move_to_main_threshold) {
     // promote to main cache
     cache_obj_t *new_obj = main_fifo->insert(main_fifo, params->req_local);
     new_obj->create_time = obj->create_time;
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ static void S3FIFOd_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   bool removed = small_fifo->remove(small_fifo, params->req_local->obj_id);
   assert(removed);
 
-  if (obj->misc.freq >= params->move_to_main_threshold) {
+  if (obj->freq >= params->move_to_main_threshold) {
     // promote to main cache
     main_fifo->insert(main_fifo, params->req_local);
 
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOv0.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOv0.c
index 09df70d5..a9caf2a5 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOv0.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/S3FIFOv0.c
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ static void S3FIFOv0_evict_small(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
     if (obj_to_evict->S3FIFO.freq >= params->move_to_main_threshold) {
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
       printf("%ld keep %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj_to_evict->create_time,
-             obj_to_evict->misc.next_access_vtime);
+             obj_to_evict->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
       params->n_obj_move_to_main += 1;
       params->n_byte_move_to_main += obj_to_evict->obj_size;
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ static void S3FIFOv0_evict_small(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
       printf("%ld demote %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj_to_evict->create_time,
-             obj_to_evict->misc.next_access_vtime);
+             obj_to_evict->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
       // insert to ghost
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/WTinyLFU.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/WTinyLFU.c
index 32f261e7..89191125 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/WTinyLFU.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/WTinyLFU.c
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ static void WTinyLFU_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
         printf("%ld keep %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, window_victim->create_time,
-               window_victim->misc.next_access_vtime);
+               window_victim->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
         params->n_admit_bytes += params->req_local->obj_size;
 
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ static void WTinyLFU_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
                                          sizeof(main_cache_victim->obj_id))) {
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
           printf("%ld keep %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, window_victim->create_time,
-                 window_victim->misc.next_access_vtime);
+                 window_victim->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
           main_cache->evict(main_cache, req);
@@ -317,8 +317,7 @@ static void WTinyLFU_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
         } else {
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
           printf("%ld demote %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req,
-                 window_victim->create_time,
-                 window_victim->misc.next_access_vtime);
+                 window_victim->create_time, window_victim->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
           window->evict(window, req);
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/FIFO_Belady.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/FIFO_Belady.c
index fa4ae2e4..3a4c25be 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/FIFO_Belady.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/FIFO_Belady.c
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ static void FIFO_Belady_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   DEBUG_ASSERT(params->q_tail != NULL);
 
 #ifdef USE_BELADY_EVICTION
-  if (should_insert(cache, obj_to_evict->misc.next_access_vtime)) {
+  if (should_insert(cache, obj_to_evict->next_access_vtime)) {
     move_obj_to_head(&params->q_head, &params->q_tail, obj_to_evict);
   } else {
     remove_obj_from_list(&params->q_head, &params->q_tail, obj_to_evict);
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/LRU_Belady.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/LRU_Belady.c
index 3c6a0f70..a8391c80 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/LRU_Belady.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/LRU_Belady.c
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ static void LRU_Belady_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   DEBUG_ASSERT(params->q_tail != NULL);
 
 #ifdef USE_BELADY_EVICTION
-  if (should_insert(cache, obj_to_evict->misc.next_access_vtime)) {
+  if (should_insert(cache, obj_to_evict->next_access_vtime)) {
     move_obj_to_head(&params->q_head, &params->q_tail, obj_to_evict);
   } else {
     remove_obj_from_list(&params->q_head, &params->q_tail, obj_to_evict);
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/Sieve_Belady.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/Sieve_Belady.c
index 1a3b0300..6b70196e 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/Sieve_Belady.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/belady/Sieve_Belady.c
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ static void Sieve_Belady_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   }
 
   /* find the first untouched */
-  while (obj != NULL && should_insert(cache, obj->misc.next_access_vtime)) {
+  while (obj != NULL && should_insert(cache, obj->next_access_vtime)) {
     // while (obj != NULL && obj->sieve.freq > 0) {
     obj->sieve.freq -= 1;
     obj = obj->queue.prev;
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ static void Sieve_Belady_evict(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   /* if we have finished one around, start from the tail */
   if (obj == NULL) {
     obj = params->q_tail;
-    while (obj != NULL && should_insert(cache, obj->misc.next_access_vtime)) {
+    while (obj != NULL && should_insert(cache, obj->next_access_vtime)) {
       // while (obj != NULL && obj->sieve.freq > 0) {
       obj->sieve.freq -= 1;
       obj = obj->queue.prev;
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/cpp/GDSF.cpp b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/cpp/GDSF.cpp
index d5c3fbc5..f3bb2c4f 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/cpp/GDSF.cpp
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/cpp/GDSF.cpp
@@ -146,14 +146,13 @@ static cache_obj_t *GDSF_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
   cache_obj_t *obj = cache_find_base(cache, req, update_cache);
   /* this does not consider object size change */
   if (obj != nullptr && update_cache) {
-    /* misc frequency is updated in cache_find_base */
-    // obj->misc.freq += 1;
+    /* frequency is updated in cache_find_base */
 
     auto node = gdsf->pq_map[obj];
     gdsf->pq.erase(node);
 
     double pri =
-        gdsf->pri_last_evict + (double)(obj->misc.freq) * 1.0e6 / obj->obj_size;
+        gdsf->pri_last_evict + (double)(obj->freq) * 1.0e6 / obj->obj_size;
     eviction::pq_node_type new_node = {obj, pri, cache->n_req};
     gdsf->pq.insert(new_node);
     gdsf->pq_map[obj] = new_node;
@@ -233,7 +232,10 @@ static cache_obj_t *GDSF_insert(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
 
   cache_obj_t *obj = cache_insert_base(cache, req);
   DEBUG_ASSERT(obj != nullptr);
-  obj->misc.freq = 1;
+  // default freq is 0, we need to set it to 1 because GDSF uses freq as part of
+  // priority calculation and if it is 0, the object will have the same priority
+  // as an object that is not accessed at all and it will be evicted immediately
+  obj->freq = 1;
 
   double pri = gdsf->pri_last_evict + 1.0e6 / obj->obj_size;
   eviction::pq_node_type new_node = {obj, pri, cache->n_req};
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/fifo/SFIFOv0.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/fifo/SFIFOv0.c
index 425b7d18..4ee5a8db 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/fifo/SFIFOv0.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/fifo/SFIFOv0.c
@@ -193,9 +193,9 @@ static cache_obj_t *SFIFOv0_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
           SFIFOv0_cool(cache, req, i + 1);
 
         cache_obj_t *new_obj = next_fifo->insert(next_fifo, req);
-        new_obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+        new_obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
       } else {
-        obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+        obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
       }
 
       return obj;
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ static cache_obj_t *SFIFOv0_insert(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
     if (fifo->get_occupied_byte(fifo) + req->obj_size + cache->obj_md_size <=
         fifo->cache_size) {
       cache_obj_t *obj = fifo->insert(fifo, req);
-      obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+      obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
       return obj;
     }
   }
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ static cache_obj_t *SFIFOv0_insert(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
   // If all FIFOs are filled, insert into the lowest FIFO.
   cache_t *fifo = params->FIFOs[0];
   cache_obj_t *obj = fifo->insert(fifo, req);
-  obj->misc.next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
+  obj->next_access_vtime = req->next_access_vtime;
   return obj;
 }
 
diff --git a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/other/S3LRU.c b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/other/S3LRU.c
index cc64a8d8..7fe72adc 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/other/S3LRU.c
+++ b/libCacheSim/cache/eviction/other/S3LRU.c
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ static cache_obj_t *S3LRU_find(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req,
       // move to main cache
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
       printf("%ld keep %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj->create_time,
-             obj->misc.next_access_vtime);
+             obj->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
       params->LRU->remove(params->LRU, req->obj_id);
       params->main_cache->insert(params->main_cache, req);
@@ -343,14 +343,14 @@ static void S3LRU_evict_LRU(cache_t *cache, const request_t *req) {
       // move to main cache
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
       printf("%ld keep %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj_to_evict->create_time,
-             obj_to_evict->misc.next_access_vtime);
+             obj_to_evict->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
 
       main_cache->insert(main_cache, params->req_local);
     } else {
 #if defined(TRACK_DEMOTION)
       printf("%ld demote %ld %ld\n", cache->n_req, obj_to_evict->create_time,
-             obj_to_evict->misc.next_access_vtime);
+             obj_to_evict->next_access_vtime);
 #endif
       has_evicted = true;
       // insert to ghost
diff --git a/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cache.h b/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cache.h
index 575b05ec..44ff05bf 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cache.h
+++ b/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cache.h
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ static inline void record_eviction_age(cache_t *cache, cache_obj_t *obj,
 #if defined(TRACK_EVICTION_V_AGE)
   // note that the frequency is not correct for QDLP and Clock
   if (obj->obj_id % 101 == 0) {
-    printf("%ld: %lu %ld %d\n", cache->n_req, obj->obj_id, age, obj->misc.freq);
+    printf("%ld: %lu %ld %d\n", cache->n_req, obj->obj_id, age, obj->freq);
   }
 #endif
 
diff --git a/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cacheObj.h b/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cacheObj.h
index 3fe3ea7b..7fe6859a 100644
--- a/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cacheObj.h
+++ b/libCacheSim/include/libCacheSim/cacheObj.h
@@ -143,11 +143,6 @@ typedef struct {
   int32_t freq;
 } __attribute__((packed)) Sieve_obj_params_t;
 
-typedef struct {
-  int64_t next_access_vtime;
-  int32_t freq;
-} __attribute__((packed)) misc_metadata_t;
-
 // ############################## cache obj ###################################
 struct cache_obj;
 typedef struct cache_obj {
@@ -158,6 +153,10 @@ typedef struct cache_obj {
     struct cache_obj *prev;
     struct cache_obj *next;
   } queue;  // for LRU, FIFO, etc.
+
+  int64_t next_access_vtime;
+  int32_t freq;
+
 #ifdef SUPPORT_TTL
   uint32_t exp_time;
 #endif
@@ -166,8 +165,6 @@ typedef struct cache_obj {
     defined(TRACK_CREATE_TIME)
   int64_t create_time;
 #endif
-  // used by belady related algorithms
-  misc_metadata_t misc;
 
   union {
     LFU_obj_metadata_t lfu;            // for LFU
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ static inline void copy_cache_obj_to_request(request_t *req_dest,
                                              const cache_obj_t *cache_obj) {
   req_dest->obj_id = cache_obj->obj_id;
   req_dest->obj_size = cache_obj->obj_size;
-  req_dest->next_access_vtime = cache_obj->misc.next_access_vtime;
+  req_dest->next_access_vtime = cache_obj->next_access_vtime;
   req_dest->valid = true;
 }