pixelbox_lite.lua

local pixelbox = {initialized=false,shared_data={},internal={}}

pixelbox.url     = "https://pixels.devvie.cc"
pixelbox.license = [[MIT License

Copyright (c) 2024 9551Dev

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
]]

local box_object = {}

local t_cat  = table.concat

local sampling_lookup = {
    {2,3,4,5,6},
    {4,1,6,3,5},
    {1,4,5,2,6},
    {2,6,3,5,1},
    {3,6,1,4,2},
    {4,5,2,3,1}
}

local texel_character_lookup  = load("return {"..string.rep("false,",599).."[0]=false}","=pb_preload","t")()
local texel_foreground_lookup = load("return {"..string.rep("false,",599).."[0]=false}","=pb_preload","t")()
local texel_background_lookup = load("return {"..string.rep("false,",599).."[0]=false}","=pb_preload","t")()
local to_blit = {}

pixelbox.internal.texel_character_lookup  = texel_character_lookup
pixelbox.internal.texel_foreground_lookup = texel_foreground_lookup
pixelbox.internal.texel_background_lookup = texel_background_lookup

pixelbox.internal.to_blit_lookup  = to_blit
pixelbox.internal.sampling_lookup = sampling_lookup

local function generate_identifier(s1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6)
    return  s2 * 1 +
            s3 * 3 +
            s4 * 4 +
            s5 * 20 +
            s6 * 100
end

local function calculate_texel(v1,v2,v3,v4,v5,v6)
    local texel_data = {v1,v2,v3,v4,v5,v6}

    local state_lookup = {}
    for i=1,6 do
        local subpixel_state = texel_data[i]
        local current_count = state_lookup[subpixel_state]

        state_lookup[subpixel_state] = current_count and current_count + 1 or 1
    end

    local sortable_states = {}
    for k,v in pairs(state_lookup) do
        sortable_states[#sortable_states+1] = {
            value = k,
            count = v
        }
    end

    table.sort(sortable_states,function(a,b)
        return a.count > b.count
    end)

    local texel_stream = {}
    for i=1,6 do
        local subpixel_state = texel_data[i]

        if subpixel_state == sortable_states[1].value then
            texel_stream[i] = 1
        elseif subpixel_state == sortable_states[2].value then
            texel_stream[i] = 0
        else
            local sample_points = sampling_lookup[i]
            for sample_index=1,5 do
                local sample_subpixel_index = sample_points[sample_index]
                local sample_state          = texel_data   [sample_subpixel_index]

                local common_state_1 = sample_state == sortable_states[1].value
                local common_state_2 = sample_state == sortable_states[2].value

                if common_state_1 or common_state_2 then
                    texel_stream[i] = common_state_1 and 1 or 0

                    break
                end
            end
        end
    end

    local char_num = 128
    local stream_6 = texel_stream[6]
    if texel_stream[1] ~= stream_6 then char_num = char_num + 1  end
    if texel_stream[2] ~= stream_6 then char_num = char_num + 2  end
    if texel_stream[3] ~= stream_6 then char_num = char_num + 4  end
    if texel_stream[4] ~= stream_6 then char_num = char_num + 8  end
    if texel_stream[5] ~= stream_6 then char_num = char_num + 16 end

    local state_1,state_2
    if #sortable_states > 1 then
        state_1 = sortable_states[  stream_6+1].value
        state_2 = sortable_states[2-stream_6  ].value
    else
        state_1 = sortable_states[1].value
        state_2 = sortable_states[1].value
    end

    return char_num,state_1,state_2
end

local function base_n_rshift(n,base,shift)
    return math.floor(n/(base^shift))
end

local real_entries = 0
local function generate_lookups()
    for i = 0, 15 do
        to_blit[2^i] = ("%x"):format(i)
    end

    for encoded_pattern=0,6^6 do
        local subtexel_1 = base_n_rshift(encoded_pattern,6,0) % 6
        local subtexel_2 = base_n_rshift(encoded_pattern,6,1) % 6
        local subtexel_3 = base_n_rshift(encoded_pattern,6,2) % 6
        local subtexel_4 = base_n_rshift(encoded_pattern,6,3) % 6
        local subtexel_5 = base_n_rshift(encoded_pattern,6,4) % 6
        local subtexel_6 = base_n_rshift(encoded_pattern,6,5) % 6

        local pattern_lookup = {}
        pattern_lookup[subtexel_6] = 5
        pattern_lookup[subtexel_5] = 4
        pattern_lookup[subtexel_4] = 3
        pattern_lookup[subtexel_3] = 2
        pattern_lookup[subtexel_2] = 1
        pattern_lookup[subtexel_1] = 0

        local pattern_identifier = generate_identifier(
            pattern_lookup[subtexel_1],pattern_lookup[subtexel_2],
            pattern_lookup[subtexel_3],pattern_lookup[subtexel_4],
            pattern_lookup[subtexel_5],pattern_lookup[subtexel_6]
        )

        if not texel_character_lookup[pattern_identifier] then
            real_entries = real_entries + 1
            local character,sub_state_1,sub_state_2 = calculate_texel(
                subtexel_1,subtexel_2,
                subtexel_3,subtexel_4,
                subtexel_5,subtexel_6
            )

            local color_1_location = pattern_lookup[sub_state_1] + 1
            local color_2_location = pattern_lookup[sub_state_2] + 1

            texel_foreground_lookup[pattern_identifier] = color_1_location
            texel_background_lookup[pattern_identifier] = color_2_location

            texel_character_lookup[pattern_identifier] = string.char(character)
        end
    end
end

pixelbox.internal.generate_lookups = generate_lookups
pixelbox.internal.calculate_texel  = calculate_texel
pixelbox.internal.make_pattern_id  = generate_identifier
pixelbox.internal.base_n_rshift    = base_n_rshift

function pixelbox.make_canvas_scanline(y_coord)
    return setmetatable({},{__newindex=function(self,key,value)
        if type(key) == "number" and key%1 ~= 0 then
            error(("Tried to write a float pixel. x:%s y:%s"):format(key,y_coord),2)
        else rawset(self,key,value) end
    end})
end

function pixelbox.make_canvas(source_table)
    local dummy_OOB = pixelbox.make_canvas_scanline("NONE")
    local dummy_mt  = getmetatable(dummy_OOB)

    function dummy_mt.tostring() return "pixelbox_dummy_oob" end

    return setmetatable(source_table or {},{__index=function(_,key)
        if type(key) == "number" and key%1 ~= 0 then
            error(("Tried to write float scanline. y:%s"):format(key),2)
        end

        return dummy_OOB
    end})
end

function pixelbox.setup_canvas(box,canvas_blank,color,keep_content)
    for y=1,box.height do

        local scanline
        if not rawget(canvas_blank,y) then
            scanline = pixelbox.make_canvas_scanline(y)

            rawset(canvas_blank,y,scanline)
        else
            scanline = canvas_blank[y]
        end

        for x=1,box.width do
            if not (scanline[x] and keep_content) then
                scanline[x] = color
            end
        end
    end

    return canvas_blank
end

function pixelbox.restore(box,color,keep_existing,keep_content)
    if not keep_existing then
        local new_canvas = pixelbox.setup_canvas(box,pixelbox.make_canvas(),color)

        box.canvas = new_canvas
        box.CANVAS = new_canvas
    else
        pixelbox.setup_canvas(box,box.canvas,color,keep_content)
    end
end

local color_lookup  = {}
local texel_body    = {0,0,0,0,0,0}
function box_object:render()
    local term = self.term
    local blit_line,set_cursor = term.blit,term.setCursorPos

    local canv = self.canvas

    local char_line,fg_line,bg_line = {},{},{}

    local x_offset,y_offset = self.x_offset,self.y_offset
    local width,height      = self.width,   self.height

    local sy = 0
    for y=1,height,3 do
        sy = sy + 1
        local layer_1 = canv[y]
        local layer_2 = canv[y+1]
        local layer_3 = canv[y+2]

        local n = 0
        for x=1,width,2 do
            local xp1 = x+1
            local b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6 =
                layer_1[x],layer_1[xp1],
                layer_2[x],layer_2[xp1],
                layer_3[x],layer_3[xp1]

            local char,fg,bg = " ",1,b1

            local single_color = b2 == b1
                            and  b3 == b1
                            and  b4 == b1
                            and  b5 == b1
                            and  b6 == b1

            if not single_color then
                color_lookup[b6] = 5
                color_lookup[b5] = 4
                color_lookup[b4] = 3
                color_lookup[b3] = 2
                color_lookup[b2] = 1
                color_lookup[b1] = 0

                local pattern_identifier =
                    color_lookup[b2]       +
                    color_lookup[b3] * 3   +
                    color_lookup[b4] * 4   +
                    color_lookup[b5] * 20  +
                    color_lookup[b6] * 100

                local fg_location = texel_foreground_lookup[pattern_identifier]
                local bg_location = texel_background_lookup[pattern_identifier]

                texel_body[1] = b1
                texel_body[2] = b2
                texel_body[3] = b3
                texel_body[4] = b4
                texel_body[5] = b5
                texel_body[6] = b6

                fg = texel_body[fg_location]
                bg = texel_body[bg_location]

                char = texel_character_lookup[pattern_identifier]
            end

            n = n + 1
            char_line[n] = char
            fg_line  [n] = to_blit[fg]
            bg_line  [n] = to_blit[bg]
        end

        set_cursor(1+x_offset,sy+y_offset)
        blit_line(
            t_cat(char_line,""),
            t_cat(fg_line,  ""),
            t_cat(bg_line,  "")
        )
    end
end

function box_object:clear(color)
    pixelbox.restore(self,to_blit[color or ""] and color or self.background,true,false)
end

function box_object:set_pixel(x,y,color)
    self.canvas[y][x] = color
end

function box_object:set_canvas(canvas)
    self.canvas = canvas
    self.CANVAS = canvas
end

function box_object:resize(w,h,color)
    self.term_width  = math.floor(w+0.5)
    self.term_height = math.floor(h+0.5)
    self.width       = math.floor(w+0.5)*2
    self.height      = math.floor(h+0.5)*3

    pixelbox.restore(self,color or self.background,true,true)
end

function pixelbox.module_error(module,str,level,supress_error)
    level = level or 1

    if module.__contact and not supress_error then
        local _,err_msg = pcall(error,str,level+2)
        printError(err_msg)
        error((module.__report_msg or "\nReport module issue at:\n-> __contact"):gsub("[%w_]+",module),0)
    elseif not supress_error then
        error(str,level+1)
    end
end

function box_object:load_module(modules)
    for k,module in ipairs(modules or {}) do
        local module_data = {
            __author     = module.author,
            __name       = module.name,
            __contact    = module.contact,
            __report_msg = module.report_msg
        }

        local module_fields,magic_methods = module.init(self,module_data,pixelbox,pixelbox.shared_data,pixelbox.initialized,modules)

        magic_methods    = magic_methods or {}
        module_data.__fn = module_fields


        if self.modules[module.id] and not modules.force then
            pixelbox.module_error(module_data,("Module ID conflict: %q"):format(module.id),2,modules.supress)
        else
            self.modules[module.id] = module_data
            if magic_methods.verified_load then
                magic_methods.verified_load()
            end
        end

        for fn_name in pairs(module_fields) do
            if self.modules.module_functions[fn_name] and not modules.force then
                pixelbox.module_error(module_data,("Module %q tried to register already existing element: %q"):format(module.id,fn_name),2,modules.supress)
            else
                self.modules.module_functions[fn_name] = {
                    id   = module.id,
                    name = fn_name
                }
            end
        end
    end
end

function pixelbox.new(terminal,bg,modules)
    local box = {
        modules = {module_functions={}}
    }

    box.background = bg or terminal.getBackgroundColor()

    local w,h = terminal.getSize()
    box.term  = terminal

    setmetatable(box,{__index = function(_,key)
        local module_fn = rawget(box.modules.module_functions,key)
        if module_fn then
            return box.modules[module_fn.id].__fn[module_fn.name]
        end

        return rawget(box_object,key)
    end})

    box.__pixelbox_lite = true

    box.term_width  = w
    box.term_height = h
    box.width       = w*2
    box.height      = h*3

    box.x_offset = 0
    box.y_offset = 0

    pixelbox.restore(box,box.background)

    if type(modules) == "table" then
        box:load_module(modules)
    end

    if not pixelbox.initialized then
        generate_lookups()

        pixelbox.initialized = true
    end

    return box
end

return pixelbox