Add testrender volumes

Alongside the rest of the initialization for subpixel_radiance, an empty MediumStack is initialized. It stores the medium params with pointers in two arrays. One tracks the entry order and the other sorted based on priority. There is a priority handling scheme that will shuffle the incumbent medium pointers to give high priority (lower integer priorities) mediums lower indices. When processing BSDF closures, intersections with MxDielectric or MxGeneralizedSchlick may only be added when priority < current_priority or are both 0 (the precious priority). MediumStack exposes an integrate method that operates on aggregated parameters from all media sharing the same priority as the topmost medium; these aggregated parameters are stored on the stack and updated whenever media are added. A CDF built from these parameters is then sampled to select one of the overlapping media for scattering. At present, only Henyey–Greenstein phase functions are supported, implemented as a BSDF subclass and wraps the implementation in BSDL.

Signed-off-by: Owen O'Malley <theowen@email.com>

Author: osomalley

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -377,7 +377,8 @@ jobs:
             setenvs: export CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
                             LLVM_VERSION=14.0.0 LLVM_DISTRO_NAME=ubuntu-18.04
                             PUGIXML_VERSION=v1.9
-                            CTEST_TEST_TIMEOUT=240
+                            CTEST_TEST_TIMEOUT=1200
+                            OSL_CMAKE_FLAGS="-DOSL_TEST_BIG_TIMEOUT=1200"
           - desc: gcc10/C++17 llvm14 oiio-2.5 avx2
             nametag: linux-2021ish-gcc10-llvm14
             runner: ubuntu-22.04

src/cmake/testing.cmake

@@ -362,6 +362,7 @@ macro (osl_add_all_tests)
                 render-cornell
                 render-displacement
                 render-furnace-diffuse
+                render-mx-anisotropic-vdf
                 render-mx-furnace-burley-diffuse
                 render-mx-furnace-oren-nayar
                 render-mx-furnace-sheen
@@ -371,7 +372,9 @@ macro (osl_add_all_tests)
                 render-mx-generalized-schlick render-mx-generalized-schlick-glass
                 render-mx-layer
                 render-mx-sheen
-                render-microfacet render-oren-nayar
+                render-mx-medium-vdf
+                render-mx-medium-vdf-glass
+		render-microfacet render-oren-nayar
                 render-spi-thinlayer
                 render-uv render-veachmis render-ward
                 render-raytypes

src/libbsdl/include/BSDL/tools.h

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@
 
 BSDL_ENTER_NAMESPACE
 
+BSDL_INLINE float
+MAX(float a, float b)
+{
+    return std::max(a, b);
+}
+
 BSDL_INLINE float
 MAX_ABS_XYZ(const Imath::V3f& v)
 {

src/testrender/optixraytracer.cpp

@@ -1175,7 +1175,7 @@ OptixRaytracer::processPrintfBuffer(void* buffer_data, size_t buffer_size)
             if (format[j] == '%') {
                 fmt_string            = "%";
                 bool format_end_found = false;
-                for (size_t i = 0; !format_end_found; i++) {
+                while (!format_end_found) {
                     j++;
                     fmt_string += format[j];
                     switch (format[j]) {

src/testrender/shading.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 
 #include "shading.h"
+#include "OSL/oslconfig.h"
 #include <OSL/genclosure.h>
 #include "optics.h"
 #include "sampling.h"
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <BSDL/MTX/bsdf_sheen_impl.h>
 #include <BSDL/MTX/bsdf_translucent_impl.h>
 #include <BSDL/SPI/bsdf_thinlayer_impl.h>
+#include <BSDL/SPI/bsdf_volume_impl.h>
 #include <BSDL/spectrum_impl.h>
 
 using namespace OSL;
@@ -1147,6 +1149,52 @@ struct Transparent final : public BSDF {
     }
 };
 
+struct HenyeyGreenstein : public bsdl::spi::VolumeLobe<BSDLLobe> {
+    using Base = bsdl::spi::VolumeLobe<BSDLLobe>;
+
+    OSL_HOSTDEVICE HenyeyGreenstein(const Data& data, const Vec3& wo,
+                                    float path_roughness)
+        : Base(this,
+               bsdl::BsdfGlobals(wo,
+                                 Vec3(0),  // Nf
+                                 Vec3(0),  // Ngf
+                                 false, path_roughness,
+                                 1.0f,  // outer_ior
+                                 0),    // hero wavelength off
+               data)
+    {
+    }
+
+    OSL_HOSTDEVICE BSDF::Sample eval(const Vec3& wo, const Vec3& wi) const
+    {
+        bsdl::Sample s = Base::eval_impl(Base::frame.local(wo),
+                                         Base::frame.local(wi));
+        return { wi, s.weight.toRGB(0), s.pdf, s.roughness };
+    }
+    OSL_HOSTDEVICE BSDF::Sample sample(const Vec3& wo, float rx, float ry,
+                                       float rz) const
+    {
+        bsdl::Sample s = Base::sample_impl(Base::frame.local(wo),
+                                           { rx, ry, rz });
+        return { Base::frame.world(s.wi), s.weight.toRGB(0), s.pdf,
+                 s.roughness };
+    }
+};
+
+
+BSDF::Sample
+MediumParams::sample_phase_func(const Vec3& wo, float rx, float ry,
+                                float rz) const
+{
+    if (is_vaccum()) {
+        return { Vec3(1.0f), Color3(1.0f), 0.0f, 0.0f };
+    }
+
+    HenyeyGreenstein::Data data { medium_g, medium_g, 0.0f };
+    HenyeyGreenstein phase_func(data, wo, 0.0f);
+    return phase_func.sample(wo, rx, ry, rz);
+}
+
 OSL_HOSTDEVICE Color3
 evaluate_layer_opacity(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
                        const ClosureColor* closure)
@@ -1235,8 +1283,8 @@ evaluate_layer_opacity(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
 
 OSL_HOSTDEVICE void
 process_medium_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
-                       ShadingResult& result, const ClosureColor* closure,
-                       const Color3& w)
+                       ShadingResult& result, MediumStack& medium_stack,
+                       const ClosureColor* closure, const Color3& w)
 {
     if (!closure)
         return;
@@ -1278,37 +1326,86 @@ process_medium_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
             const ClosureComponent* comp = closure->as_comp();
             Color3 cw                    = weight * comp->w;
             const auto& params           = *comp->as<MxAnisotropicVdfParams>();
-            result.sigma_t               = cw * params.extinction;
-            result.sigma_s               = params.albedo * result.sigma_t;
-            result.medium_g              = params.anisotropy;
-            closure                      = nullptr;
+            result.medium_data.sigma_t   = cw * params.extinction;
+            result.medium_data.sigma_s   = params.albedo
+                                         * result.medium_data.sigma_t;
+            result.medium_data.medium_g = params.anisotropy;
+            result.medium_data.priority = 0;  // always intersect
+
+            // clamp sigma_s to be less than sigma_t
+            result.medium_data.sigma_s
+                = { std::min(result.medium_data.sigma_s.x,
+                             result.medium_data.sigma_t.x),
+                    std::min(result.medium_data.sigma_s.y,
+                             result.medium_data.sigma_t.y),
+                    std::min(result.medium_data.sigma_s.z,
+                             result.medium_data.sigma_t.z) };
+
+            closure = nullptr;
             break;
         }
         case MX_MEDIUM_VDF_ID: {
             const ClosureComponent* comp = closure->as_comp();
             Color3 cw                    = weight * comp->w;
             const auto& params           = *comp->as<MxMediumVdfParams>();
-            result.sigma_t = { -OIIO::fast_log(params.transmission_color.x),
-                               -OIIO::fast_log(params.transmission_color.y),
-                               -OIIO::fast_log(params.transmission_color.z) };
-            // NOTE: closure weight scales the extinction parameter
-            result.sigma_t *= cw / params.transmission_depth;
-            result.sigma_s  = params.albedo * result.sigma_t;
-            result.medium_g = params.anisotropy;
-            // TODO: properly track a medium stack here ...
-            result.refraction_ior = sg.backfacing ? 1.0f / params.ior
-                                                  : params.ior;
-            result.priority       = params.priority;
-            closure               = nullptr;
+
+            // when both albedo and transmission_color are black, this is
+            // a vacuum medium used only to carry the IOR for dielectric
+            // surfaces.
+            bool is_vacuum = is_black(params.albedo)
+                             && is_black(params.transmission_color);
+
+            if (is_vacuum) {
+                result.medium_data.sigma_t = Color3(0.0f);
+                result.medium_data.sigma_s = Color3(0.0f);
+            } else {
+                constexpr float epsilon = 1e-10f;
+                const Color3& t_color   = params.transmission_color;
+                result.medium_data.sigma_t
+                    = Color3(-OIIO::fast_log(fmaxf(t_color.x, epsilon)),
+                             -OIIO::fast_log(fmaxf(t_color.y, epsilon)),
+                             -OIIO::fast_log(fmaxf(t_color.z, epsilon)));
+
+                result.medium_data.sigma_t *= cw / params.transmission_depth;
+                result.medium_data.sigma_s = params.albedo
+                                             * result.medium_data.sigma_t;
+
+                // clamp sigma_s to be less than sigma_t
+                result.medium_data.sigma_s
+                    = { std::min(result.medium_data.sigma_s.x,
+                                 result.medium_data.sigma_t.x),
+                        std::min(result.medium_data.sigma_s.y,
+                                 result.medium_data.sigma_t.y),
+                        std::min(result.medium_data.sigma_s.z,
+                                 result.medium_data.sigma_t.z) };
+            }
+
+            result.medium_data.medium_g = params.anisotropy;
+
+            result.medium_data.refraction_ior = sg.backfacing
+                                                    ? 1.0f / params.ior
+                                                    : params.ior;
+            result.medium_data.priority       = params.priority;
+
+            closure = nullptr;
             break;
         }
         case MxDielectric::closureid(): {
             const ClosureComponent* comp     = closure->as_comp();
             const MxDielectric::Data& params = *comp->as<MxDielectric::Data>();
             if (!is_black(weight * comp->w * params.refr_tint)) {
-                // TODO: properly track a medium stack here ...
-                result.refraction_ior = sg.backfacing ? 1.0f / params.IOR
-                                                      : params.IOR;
+                float new_ior = sg.backfacing ? 1.0f / params.IOR : params.IOR;
+
+                result.medium_data.refraction_ior = new_ior;
+
+                const MediumParams* current_params
+                    = medium_stack.get_current_params();
+                if (current_params
+                    && result.medium_data.priority
+                           <= current_params->priority) {
+                    result.medium_data.refraction_ior
+                        = current_params->refraction_ior;
+                }
             }
             closure = nullptr;
             break;
@@ -1318,13 +1415,23 @@ process_medium_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
             const MxGeneralizedSchlick::Data& params
                 = *comp->as<MxGeneralizedSchlick::Data>();
             if (!is_black(weight * comp->w * params.refr_tint)) {
-                // TODO: properly track a medium stack here ...
                 float avg_F0  = clamp((params.F0.x + params.F0.y + params.F0.z)
                                           / 3.0f,
                                       0.0f, 0.99f);
                 float sqrt_F0 = sqrtf(avg_F0);
                 float ior     = (1 + sqrt_F0) / (1 - sqrt_F0);
-                result.refraction_ior = sg.backfacing ? 1.0f / ior : ior;
+                float new_ior = sg.backfacing ? 1.0f / ior : ior;
+
+                result.medium_data.refraction_ior = new_ior;
+
+                const MediumParams* current_params
+                    = medium_stack.get_current_params();
+                if (current_params
+                    && result.medium_data.priority
+                           <= current_params->priority) {
+                    result.medium_data.refraction_ior
+                        = current_params->refraction_ior;
+                }
             }
             closure = nullptr;
             break;
@@ -1341,8 +1448,9 @@ process_medium_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
 // recursively walk through the closure tree, creating bsdfs as we go
 OSL_HOSTDEVICE void
 process_bsdf_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
-                     ShadingResult& result, const ClosureColor* closure,
-                     const Color3& w, bool light_only)
+                     ShadingResult& result, MediumStack& medium_stack,
+                     const ClosureColor* closure, const Color3& w,
+                     bool light_only)
 {
     static const ustringhash uh_ggx("ggx");
     static const ustringhash uh_beckmann("beckmann");
@@ -1472,16 +1580,29 @@ process_bsdf_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
                 case MxDielectric::closureid(): {
                     const MxDielectric::Data& params
                         = *comp->as<MxDielectric::Data>();
-                    ok = result.bsdf.add_bsdf<MxDielectric>(cw, params, -sg.I,
-                                                            sg.backfacing,
-                                                            path_roughness);
+
+                    if (medium_stack.false_intersection_with(
+                            result.medium_data)) {
+                        ok = result.bsdf.add_bsdf<Transparent>(cw);
+                    } else {
+                        ok = result.bsdf.add_bsdf<MxDielectric>(cw, params,
+                                                                -sg.I,
+                                                                sg.backfacing,
+                                                                path_roughness);
+                    }
                     break;
                 }
                 case MxGeneralizedSchlick::closureid(): {
                     const MxGeneralizedSchlick::Data& params
                         = *comp->as<MxGeneralizedSchlick::Data>();
-                    ok = result.bsdf.add_bsdf<MxGeneralizedSchlick>(
-                        cw, params, -sg.I, sg.backfacing, path_roughness);
+
+                    if (medium_stack.false_intersection_with(
+                            result.medium_data)) {
+                        ok = result.bsdf.add_bsdf<Transparent>(cw);
+                    } else {
+                        ok = result.bsdf.add_bsdf<MxGeneralizedSchlick>(
+                            cw, params, -sg.I, sg.backfacing, path_roughness);
+                    }
                     break;
                 }
                 case MxConductor::closureid(): {
@@ -1574,11 +1695,14 @@ process_bsdf_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
 
 OSL_HOSTDEVICE void
 process_closure(const ShaderGlobalsType& sg, float path_roughness,
-                ShadingResult& result, const ClosureColor* Ci, bool light_only)
+                ShadingResult& result, MediumStack& medium_stack,
+                const ClosureColor* Ci, bool light_only)
 {
     if (!light_only)
-        process_medium_closure(sg, path_roughness, result, Ci, Color3(1));
-    process_bsdf_closure(sg, path_roughness, result, Ci, Color3(1), light_only);
+        process_medium_closure(sg, path_roughness, result, medium_stack, Ci,
+                               Color3(1));
+    process_bsdf_closure(sg, path_roughness, result, medium_stack, Ci,
+                         Color3(1), light_only);
 }
 
 OSL_HOSTDEVICE Vec3
@@ -1639,5 +1763,4 @@ BSDF::sample_vrtl(const Vec3& wo, float rx, float ry, float rz) const
     return dispatch([&](auto bsdf) { return bsdf.sample(wo, rx, ry, rz); });
 }
 
-
 OSL_NAMESPACE_END