05 records, 06 subprograms

Author: leogermond

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/labs/solar_system/05_records/instructions.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+:title: Lab 5 - Records
+:subtitle: The Satellite around the Earth
+
+The purpose of this exercise is to use records to store information about the celestial
+bodies.
+
+
+.. figure:: Labs/Solar_System/05_1.png
+    :height: 300px
+    :name:
+
+    Expected result
+
+==========
+Question 1
+==========
+
+Create a record type that holds all the information needed to describe an object,
+(Speed, Distance, Angle, X, Y, Radius, Color).
+
+Replace the two arrays solution of the previous exercise by one array indexed by
+:code:`Bodies_Enum` and containing components of this record.
+
+Remark : Initialize each body using aggregate notation.
+
+==========
+Question 2
+==========
+
+Add a :code:`Turns_Around` field to the record, in order to store the object around which the
+object rotates, instead of forcing it to always rotate around the previous object of the
+system.
+
+Have both the :code:`Satellite` and the :code:`Moon` turn around the :code:`Earth`.
+
+==========
+Question 3
+==========
+
+All the objects are turning counter-clockwise, make the :code:`Moon` turning clockwise.
+
+=====================
+Question 4 (Advanced)
+=====================
+
+Implement black holes.
+
+Modify your record to handle the case of an invisible object which does not have
+:code:`Radius` and :code:`Color` properties (hint: use discriminated record with a
+:code:`Boolean` discriminant named :code:`Visible`).

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/labs/solar_system/05_records/questions.doc

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+--                              Ada Labs                             --
+--                                                                   --
+--                 Copyright (C) 2008-2009, AdaCore                  --
+--                                                                   --
+-- Labs is free  software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  it --
+-- under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by --
+-- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or --
+-- (at your option) any later version.                               --
+--                                                                   --
+-- This program is  distributed in the hope that it will be  useful, --
+-- but  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of --
+-- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU --
+-- General Public License for more details. You should have received --
+-- a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; --
+-- if not,  write to the  Free Software Foundation, Inc.,  59 Temple --
+-- Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.                    --
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+with Ada.Real_Time;                     use Ada.Real_Time;
+
+with Display;                           use Display;
+with Display.Basic;                     use Display.Basic;
+with Libm_Single;                       use Libm_Single;
+
+procedure Main is
+
+  -- define type Bodies_Enum_T as an enumeration of Sun, Earth, Moon, Satellite
+   type Bodies_Enum_T is (Sun, Earth, Moon, Satellite);
+
+   -- define a type Body_T to store every information about a body
+   --   X, Y, Distance, Speed, Angle, Color, Radius
+   type Body_T (Visible : Boolean := True) is record
+      X            : Float;
+      Y            : Float;
+      Distance     : Float;
+      Speed        : Float;
+      Angle        : Float;
+      Turns_Around : Bodies_Enum_T;
+      case Visible is
+         when True =>
+            Color        : RGBA_T;
+            Radius       : Float;
+         when others =>
+            null;
+      end case;
+   end record;
+
+   -- define type Bodies_Array_T as an array of Body_T indexed by bodies
+   type Bodies_Array_T is array (Bodies_Enum_T) of Body_T;
+
+   -- declare variable Bodies which is an array of Body_T
+   Bodies : Bodies_Array_T;
+
+-- declare a variable Next of type Time to store the Next step time
+   Next : Time;
+
+   -- declare a constant Period of 40 milliseconds of type Time_Span defining the loop period
+   Period  : constant Time_Span := Milliseconds (40);
+
+   -- reference to the application window
+   Window : Window_ID;
+
+   -- reference to the graphical canvas associated with the application window
+   Canvas : Canvas_ID;
+
+begin
+
+   -- Create a window 240x320
+   Window := Create_Window(Width  => 240,
+                           Height => 320,
+                           Name   => "Solar System");
+
+   -- Retrieve the graphical canvas from the window
+   Canvas := Get_Canvas (Window);
+
+
+   -- initialize Bodies variable with parameters for each body using an aggregate
+   --    Sun Distance = 0.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.0, Radius = 20.0, Color = Yellow
+   --    Earth Distance = 50.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.02, Radius = 5.0, Color = Blue
+   --    Moon Distance = 15.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.04, Radius = 2.0, Color = White
+   --    Satellite Distance = 8.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.1, Radius = 1.0, Color = Red
+   Bodies := (Sun => (Visible => True,
+                      Distance => 0.0,
+                      Speed => 0.0,
+                      Radius => 20.0,
+                      X => 0.0,
+                      Y => 0.0,
+                      Angle => 0.0,
+                      Color => Yellow,
+                      Turns_Around => Sun),
+              Earth => (Visible => False,
+                        Distance => 50.0,
+                        Speed => 0.02,
+                        --Radius => 5.0,
+                        X => 0.0,
+                        Y => 0.0,
+                        Angle => 0.0,
+                       -- Color => Blue,
+                        Turns_Around => Sun),
+              Moon => (Visible => True,
+                      Distance => 15.0,
+                       Speed => -0.04,
+                       Radius => 2.0,
+                       X => 0.0,
+                       Y => 0.0,
+                       Angle => 0.0,
+                       Color => White,
+                       Turns_Around => Earth),
+              Satellite => (Visible => True,
+                      Distance => 8.0,
+                            Speed => 0.1,
+                            Radius => 1.0,
+                            X => 0.0,
+                            Y => 0.0,
+                            Angle => 0.0,
+                            Color => Red,
+                            Turns_Around => Earth));
+
+    --  initialize the Next step time begin the current time (Clock) + the period
+   Next := Clock + Period;
+
+
+   while not Is_Killed loop
+
+      --  create a loop to update each body position and angles
+      --    the position of an object around (0,0) at distance d with an angle a
+      --    is (d*cos(a), d*sin(a))
+      --  update angle parameter of each body adding speed to the previous angle
+      for B in Earth .. Satellite loop
+         --  Local block statement here to reduce repetition in the body
+         declare
+            TA : constant Bodies_Enum_T := Bodies (B).Turns_Around;
+            A  : constant Float         := Bodies (B).Angle;
+            D  : constant Float         := Bodies (B).Distance;
+         begin
+            Bodies (B).X := Bodies (TA).X + D * Cos (A);
+            Bodies (B).Y := Bodies (TA).Y + D * Sin (A);
+            Bodies (B).Angle := A + Bodies (B).Speed;
+         end;
+      end loop;
+
+      --  create a loop to draw every objects
+      --  use the Draw_Sphere procedure to do it
+      for B in Bodies_Enum_T loop
+         if Bodies (B).Visible then
+            Draw_Sphere(Canvas   => Canvas,
+                        Position => (Bodies (B).X, Bodies (B).Y, 0.0),
+                        Radius   => Bodies (B).Radius,
+                        Color    => Bodies(B).Color);
+         end if;
+      end loop;
+
+      --  update the screen using procedure Swap_Buffers
+      Swap_Buffers(Window);
+
+      -- wait until Next
+      delay until Next;
+
+      --  update the Next time adding the period for the next step
+      Next := Next + Period;
+
+   end loop;
+
+
+
+end Main;

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/labs/solar_system/05_records/questions.pdf

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+with "game_support.gpr";
+
+project Solar_System is
+
+   type LOADER_Type is
+     ("RAM", "ROM");
+   LOADER : LOADER_Type := external ("LOADER", "ROM");
+
+
+   type Mode_Type is ("Problem", "Solution");
+   Mode : Mode_Type := external ("Mode", "Problem");
+
+   for Main use ("main");
+   for Object_Dir use "obj";
+   for Languages use ("Ada");
+
+   case Mode is
+      when "Problem" =>
+         for Source_Dirs use ("src");
+
+      when "Solution" =>
+         for Source_Dirs use ("sol");
+   end case;
+
+   for Target use Game_Support'Target;
+   for Runtime ("Ada") use Game_Support'Runtime("Ada");
+
+   package Compiler is
+      for Default_Switches ("Ada") use ("-gnat12", "-g", "-gnatQ", "-O0");
+   end Compiler;
+
+   package Binder is
+      for Default_Switches ("Ada") use ("-E");
+   end Binder;
+
+   package Ide renames Game_Support.Ide;
+
+end Solar_System;

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/labs/solar_system/05_records/sol/main.adb

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+--                              Ada Labs                             --
+--                                                                   --
+--                 Copyright (C) 2008-2012, AdaCore                  --
+--                                                                   --
+-- Labs is free  software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  it --
+-- under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by --
+-- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or --
+-- (at your option) any later version.                               --
+--                                                                   --
+-- This program is  distributed in the hope that it will be  useful, --
+-- but  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of --
+-- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU --
+-- General Public License for more details. You should have received --
+-- a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; --
+-- if not,  write to the  Free Software Foundation, Inc.,  59 Temple --
+-- Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.                    --
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+with Ada.Text_IO;   use Ada.Text_IO;
+with Ada.Real_Time; use Ada.Real_Time;
+
+with Display;       use Display;
+with Display.Basic; use Display.Basic;
+with Libm_Single;   use Libm_Single;
+
+procedure Main is
+
+   --  define type Bodies_Enum_T as an enumeration of Sun, Earth, Moon, Satellite
+   type Bodies_Enum_T is (Sun, Earth, Moon, Satellite);
+
+   --  define a type Body_T to store every information about a body
+   --   X, Y, Distance, Speed, Angle, Color type is RGBA_T, Radius
+
+   --  define type Bodies_Array_T as an array of Body_T indexed by bodies
+
+   --  declare variable Bodies which is an array of Body_T
+
+   --  declare a variable Next of type Time to store the Next step time
+   Next : Time;
+
+   --  declare a constant Period of 40 milliseconds of type Time_Span defining the loop period
+   Period : constant Time_Span := Milliseconds (40);
+
+   --  reference to the application window
+   Window : Window_ID;
+
+   --  reference to the graphical canvas associated with the application window
+   Canvas : Canvas_ID;
+
+begin
+
+   --  Create a window 240x320
+   Window :=
+     Create_Window (Width => 240, Height => 320, Name => "Solar System");
+
+   --  Retrieve the graphical canvas from the window
+   Canvas := Get_Canvas (Window);
+
+   --  initialize Bodies variable with parameters for each body using an aggregate
+   --    Sun Distance = 0.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.0, Radius = 20.0, Color = Yellow
+   --    Earth Distance = 50.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.02, Radius = 5.0, Color = Blue
+   --    Moon Distance = 15.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.04, Radius = 2.0, Color = White
+   --    Satellite Distance = 8.0, Angle = 0.0, Speed = 0.1, Radius = 1.0, Color = Red
+
+   --  initialize the Next step time begin the current time (Clock) + the period
+   Next := Clock + Period;
+
+   while not Is_Killed loop
+
+      --  create a loop to update each body position and angles
+      --    the position of an object around (0,0) at distance d with an angle a
+      --    is (d*cos(a), d*sin(a))
+      --  update angle parameter of each body adding speed to the previous angle
+
+      --  create a loop to draw every objects
+      --  use the Draw_Sphere procedure to do it
+
+      --  update the screen using procedure Swap_Buffers
+      Swap_Buffers (Window);
+
+      --  wait until Next
+      delay until Next;
+
+      --  update the Next time adding the period for the next step
+      Next := Next + Period;
+
+   end loop;
+
+end Main;

courses/fundamentals_of_ada/labs/solar_system/05_records/solar_system.gpr

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+:title: Lab 6 - Subprograms
+:subtitle: A Simple Comet
+
+The purpose of this exercise is to animate the planets using subprograms.
+
+.. figure:: Labs/Solar_System/05_1.png
+    :height: 300px
+    :name:
+
+    Expected result
+
+==========
+Question 1
+==========
+
+Implement :code:`Compute_X` and :code:`Compute_Y` function and use them in the main loop to
+update :code:`X` and :code:`Y` coordinates of every objects.
+
+==========
+Question 2
+==========
+
+Implement the :code:`Move` subprogram and use it to move the objects instead of doing all
+computations in the main loop.
+
+:code:`Move` should also update the angle.
+
+==========
+Question 3
+==========
+
+Implement a procedure :code:`Draw_Body` which is a wrapper to call :code:`Draw_Sphere`.
+
+From the main loop call :code:`Draw_Body` instead of directly drawing :code:`Draw_Sphere`.
+:code:`Draw_Body` should only take 2 parameters.
+
+==========
+Question 4
+==========
+
+Add a comet in motion around the :code:`Sun`.