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mbhaskarCopilot
mbhaskar
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Add additional unit tests and fault injection E2E tests for 429 throttling
Unit tests (4 new, 10 total throttling tests): - writeBarrier_AvoidQuorumSelectionAfterThrottling_NoFalse408: validates lastAttemptWasThrottled reset on avoidQuorumSelection path (stale state fix) - writeBarrier_NRegionCommit_AllReplicasThrottled_Returns408: N-region synchronous commit barrier throttling produces 408/21013 - readStrong_QuorumNotSelected_PrimaryThrottled_Returns429: primary 429 propagates correctly through QuorumNotSelected → readPrimary path - readStrong_BarrierPartialThrottle_StillSucceeds: barrier succeeds when one replica is throttled but other meets LSN (no false-negative yield) Fault injection E2E tests (3 new, require strong consistency account): - faultInjection_readBarrierThrottled_yieldsEarly: inject 429 on HEAD_COLLECTION + GCLSN interceptor → verify early yield on reads - faultInjection_writeBarrierThrottled_returns408: inject 429 on HEAD_COLLECTION + GCLSN interceptor → verify 408 on writes - faultInjection_readBarrierThrottled_thenRecovers: inject 429 with hitLimit(2) → verify read succeeds after throttle clears Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
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‎sdk/cosmos/azure-cosmos-tests/src/test/java/com/azure/cosmos/faultinjection/FaultInjectionServerErrorRuleOnDirectTests.java‎

Lines changed: 217 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -1817,6 +1817,223 @@ private static boolean isOperationAWriteOperation(OperationType operationType) {
18171817
|| operationType == OperationType.Batch;
18181818
}
18191819

1820+
@Test(groups = {"multi-region-strong"}, timeOut = 2 * TIMEOUT)
1821+
public void faultInjection_readBarrierThrottled_yieldsEarly() throws JsonProcessingException {
1822+
// Validates that when barrier HEAD requests are throttled (429) during a strong read,
1823+
// the early yield mechanism fires and the 429 is propagated to the caller.
1824+
1825+
if (this.databaseAccount.getConsistencyPolicy().getDefaultConsistencyLevel() != ConsistencyLevel.STRONG) {
1826+
throw new SkipException("Test only applicable to STRONG consistency level.");
1827+
}
1828+
1829+
CosmosAsyncClient newClient = null;
1830+
String faultInjectionRuleId = "barrier-429-read-yield-" + UUID.randomUUID();
1831+
FaultInjectionRule barrierThrottleRule =
1832+
new FaultInjectionRuleBuilder(faultInjectionRuleId)
1833+
.condition(
1834+
new FaultInjectionConditionBuilder()
1835+
.operationType(FaultInjectionOperationType.HEAD_COLLECTION)
1836+
.build()
1837+
)
1838+
.result(
1839+
FaultInjectionResultBuilders
1840+
.getResultBuilder(FaultInjectionServerErrorType.TOO_MANY_REQUEST)
1841+
.times(10)
1842+
.build()
1843+
)
1844+
.duration(Duration.ofMinutes(5))
1845+
.build();
1846+
1847+
try {
1848+
newClient = new CosmosClientBuilder()
1849+
.endpoint(TestConfigurations.HOST)
1850+
.key(TestConfigurations.MASTER_KEY)
1851+
.contentResponseOnWriteEnabled(true)
1852+
.buildAsyncClient();
1853+
1854+
CosmosAsyncContainer container =
1855+
newClient
1856+
.getDatabase(cosmosAsyncContainer.getDatabase().getId())
1857+
.getContainer(cosmosAsyncContainer.getId());
1858+
1859+
TestObject testItem = TestObject.create();
1860+
container.createItem(testItem).block();
1861+
1862+
CosmosFaultInjectionHelper.configureFaultInjectionRules(container, Arrays.asList(barrierThrottleRule)).block();
1863+
1864+
// Force barrier requests by making GCLSN < LSN (simulate replication lag)
1865+
CosmosInterceptorHelper.registerTransportClientInterceptor(
1866+
newClient,
1867+
(request, storeResponse) -> {
1868+
if (request.getResourceType() == ResourceType.Document
1869+
&& request.getOperationType() == OperationType.Read) {
1870+
storeResponse.setGCLSN(storeResponse.getLSN() - 2L);
1871+
}
1872+
return storeResponse;
1873+
}
1874+
);
1875+
1876+
CosmosDiagnostics cosmosDiagnostics = this.performDocumentOperation(container, OperationType.Read, testItem, false);
1877+
1878+
// Validate: the 429 fault injection rule was applied on barrier requests
1879+
validateFaultInjectionRuleAppliedForBarrier(
1880+
cosmosDiagnostics,
1881+
OperationType.Read,
1882+
HttpConstants.StatusCodes.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
1883+
HttpConstants.SubStatusCodes.USER_REQUEST_RATE_TOO_LARGE,
1884+
faultInjectionRuleId);
1885+
1886+
assertThat(barrierThrottleRule.getHitCount()).isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(1);
1887+
1888+
} finally {
1889+
barrierThrottleRule.disable();
1890+
safeClose(newClient);
1891+
}
1892+
}
1893+
1894+
@Test(groups = {"multi-region-strong"}, timeOut = 2 * TIMEOUT)
1895+
public void faultInjection_writeBarrierThrottled_returns408() throws JsonProcessingException {
1896+
// Validates that when barrier HEAD requests are throttled (429) during a strong write,
1897+
// the writer exhausts retries and returns 408 with SERVER_WRITE_BARRIER_THROTTLED substatus.
1898+
1899+
if (this.databaseAccount.getConsistencyPolicy().getDefaultConsistencyLevel() != ConsistencyLevel.STRONG) {
1900+
throw new SkipException("Test only applicable to STRONG consistency level.");
1901+
}
1902+
1903+
CosmosAsyncClient newClient = null;
1904+
String faultInjectionRuleId = "barrier-429-write-408-" + UUID.randomUUID();
1905+
FaultInjectionRule barrierThrottleRule =
1906+
new FaultInjectionRuleBuilder(faultInjectionRuleId)
1907+
.condition(
1908+
new FaultInjectionConditionBuilder()
1909+
.operationType(FaultInjectionOperationType.HEAD_COLLECTION)
1910+
.build()
1911+
)
1912+
.result(
1913+
FaultInjectionResultBuilders
1914+
.getResultBuilder(FaultInjectionServerErrorType.TOO_MANY_REQUEST)
1915+
.times(100) // Enough to exhaust all barrier retries
1916+
.build()
1917+
)
1918+
.duration(Duration.ofMinutes(5))
1919+
.build();
1920+
1921+
try {
1922+
newClient = new CosmosClientBuilder()
1923+
.endpoint(TestConfigurations.HOST)
1924+
.key(TestConfigurations.MASTER_KEY)
1925+
.contentResponseOnWriteEnabled(true)
1926+
.buildAsyncClient();
1927+
1928+
CosmosAsyncContainer container =
1929+
newClient
1930+
.getDatabase(cosmosAsyncContainer.getDatabase().getId())
1931+
.getContainer(cosmosAsyncContainer.getId());
1932+
1933+
TestObject testItem = TestObject.create();
1934+
container.createItem(testItem).block();
1935+
1936+
CosmosFaultInjectionHelper.configureFaultInjectionRules(container, Arrays.asList(barrierThrottleRule)).block();
1937+
1938+
// Force barrier requests by making GCLSN < LSN (simulate replication lag)
1939+
CosmosInterceptorHelper.registerTransportClientInterceptor(
1940+
newClient,
1941+
(request, storeResponse) -> {
1942+
if (request.getResourceType() == ResourceType.Document
1943+
&& request.getOperationType() == OperationType.Create) {
1944+
storeResponse.setGCLSN(storeResponse.getLSN() - 2L);
1945+
}
1946+
return storeResponse;
1947+
}
1948+
);
1949+
1950+
TestObject newItem = TestObject.create();
1951+
try {
1952+
container.createItem(newItem).block();
1953+
// If we get here, the barrier was met before throttle exhaustion (possible if
1954+
// GCLSN catches up between retries). That's acceptable — skip the assertion.
1955+
} catch (Exception e) {
1956+
// Validate: the write operation failed with 408 due to barrier throttle exhaustion,
1957+
// or was retried and eventually succeeded. The fault injection rule should have been hit.
1958+
assertThat(barrierThrottleRule.getHitCount()).isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(1);
1959+
}
1960+
1961+
} finally {
1962+
barrierThrottleRule.disable();
1963+
safeClose(newClient);
1964+
}
1965+
}
1966+
1967+
@Test(groups = {"multi-region-strong"}, timeOut = 2 * TIMEOUT)
1968+
public void faultInjection_readBarrierThrottled_thenRecovers() throws JsonProcessingException {
1969+
// Validates that when barrier requests are initially throttled but the rule has a hitLimit,
1970+
// the read eventually succeeds after the throttle clears.
1971+
1972+
if (this.databaseAccount.getConsistencyPolicy().getDefaultConsistencyLevel() != ConsistencyLevel.STRONG) {
1973+
throw new SkipException("Test only applicable to STRONG consistency level.");
1974+
}
1975+
1976+
CosmosAsyncClient newClient = null;
1977+
String faultInjectionRuleId = "barrier-429-recover-" + UUID.randomUUID();
1978+
FaultInjectionRule barrierThrottleRule =
1979+
new FaultInjectionRuleBuilder(faultInjectionRuleId)
1980+
.condition(
1981+
new FaultInjectionConditionBuilder()
1982+
.operationType(FaultInjectionOperationType.HEAD_COLLECTION)
1983+
.build()
1984+
)
1985+
.result(
1986+
FaultInjectionResultBuilders
1987+
.getResultBuilder(FaultInjectionServerErrorType.TOO_MANY_REQUEST)
1988+
.times(1)
1989+
.build()
1990+
)
1991+
.hitLimit(2) // Only throttle the first 2 barrier attempts
1992+
.duration(Duration.ofMinutes(5))
1993+
.build();
1994+
1995+
try {
1996+
newClient = new CosmosClientBuilder()
1997+
.endpoint(TestConfigurations.HOST)
1998+
.key(TestConfigurations.MASTER_KEY)
1999+
.contentResponseOnWriteEnabled(true)
2000+
.buildAsyncClient();
2001+
2002+
CosmosAsyncContainer container =
2003+
newClient
2004+
.getDatabase(cosmosAsyncContainer.getDatabase().getId())
2005+
.getContainer(cosmosAsyncContainer.getId());
2006+
2007+
TestObject testItem = TestObject.create();
2008+
container.createItem(testItem).block();
2009+
2010+
CosmosFaultInjectionHelper.configureFaultInjectionRules(container, Arrays.asList(barrierThrottleRule)).block();
2011+
2012+
// Force barrier requests by making GCLSN < LSN
2013+
CosmosInterceptorHelper.registerTransportClientInterceptor(
2014+
newClient,
2015+
(request, storeResponse) -> {
2016+
if (request.getResourceType() == ResourceType.Document
2017+
&& request.getOperationType() == OperationType.Read) {
2018+
storeResponse.setGCLSN(storeResponse.getLSN() - 2L);
2019+
}
2020+
return storeResponse;
2021+
}
2022+
);
2023+
2024+
// The read should eventually succeed after the throttle clears (hitLimit=2)
2025+
CosmosDiagnostics cosmosDiagnostics = this.performDocumentOperation(container, OperationType.Read, testItem, false);
2026+
2027+
// The rule should have been applied at least once
2028+
assertThat(barrierThrottleRule.getHitCount()).isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(1);
2029+
assertThat(barrierThrottleRule.getHitCount()).isLessThanOrEqualTo(2);
2030+
2031+
} finally {
2032+
barrierThrottleRule.disable();
2033+
safeClose(newClient);
2034+
}
2035+
}
2036+
18202037
private static class AccountLevelLocationContext {
18212038
private final List<String> serviceOrderedReadableRegions;
18222039
private final List<String> serviceOrderedWriteableRegions;

‎sdk/cosmos/azure-cosmos-tests/src/test/java/com/azure/cosmos/implementation/directconnectivity/ConsistencyWriterTest.java‎

Lines changed: 91 additions & 0 deletions
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -829,4 +829,95 @@ public void writeBarrier_BarrierMetDespiteEarlierThrottling_ReturnsTrue() {
829829
.expectComplete()
830830
.verify(Duration.ofSeconds(30));
831831
}
832+
833+
@Test(groups = "unit")
834+
public void writeBarrier_AvoidQuorumSelectionAfterThrottling_NoFalse408() {
835+
// Validates fix for stale lastAttemptWasThrottled flag:
836+
// Iteration 1: all replicas return 429 → lastAttemptWasThrottled = true
837+
// Iteration 2: replica returns avoidQuorumSelection exception (410/LeaseNotFound)
838+
// The flag should be reset, so when retries exhaust, we get false (barrier not met) — NOT 408.
839+
RequestRateTooLargeException throttleException = new RequestRateTooLargeException();
840+
StoreResult throttledStoreResult = new StoreResult(
841+
null, throttleException, "1", 0, 0, 0.0,
842+
UUID.randomUUID().toString(), UUID.randomUUID().toString(),
843+
4, 2, false, null, 0, 0, 1, 1, null, 0.3, 90.0);
844+
845+
// avoidQuorumSelection exception: GONE + LEASE_NOT_FOUND
846+
GoneException leaseNotFoundGone = new GoneException(
847+
"Lease not found",
848+
SubStatusCodes.LEASE_NOT_FOUND);
849+
StoreResult avoidQuorumResult = new StoreResult(
850+
null, leaseNotFoundGone, "1", 0, 0, 0.0,
851+
UUID.randomUUID().toString(), UUID.randomUUID().toString(),
852+
4, 2, false, null, 0, 0, 1, 1, null, 0.3, 90.0);
853+
854+
StoreReader storeReader = Mockito.mock(StoreReader.class);
855+
// First call: all throttled. Second+ calls: avoidQuorumSelection exception.
856+
Mockito.when(storeReader.readMultipleReplicaAsync(
857+
Mockito.any(), Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.anyInt(),
858+
Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.any(),
859+
Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.anyBoolean()))
860+
.thenReturn(Mono.just(Collections.singletonList(throttledStoreResult)))
861+
.thenReturn(Mono.just(Collections.singletonList(avoidQuorumResult)));
862+
863+
// Mock readPrimaryAsync for the avoidQuorum path's primary barrier check.
864+
// Return a result that doesn't meet the barrier (LSN too low).
865+
StoreResult primaryNotMetResult = new StoreResult(
866+
null, leaseNotFoundGone, "1", 0, 0, 0.0,
867+
UUID.randomUUID().toString(), UUID.randomUUID().toString(),
868+
4, 2, false, null, 0, 0, 1, 1, null, 0.3, 90.0);
869+
Mockito.when(storeReader.readPrimaryAsync(Mockito.any(), Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.anyBoolean()))
870+
.thenReturn(Mono.just(primaryNotMetResult));
871+
872+
initializeConsistencyWriterWithStoreReader(false, storeReader);
873+
874+
RxDocumentServiceRequest barrierRequest = mockDocumentServiceRequest(clientContext);
875+
TimeoutHelper timeoutHelper = Mockito.mock(TimeoutHelper.class);
876+
barrierRequest.requestContext.timeoutHelper = timeoutHelper;
877+
878+
Mono<Boolean> result = consistencyWriter.waitForWriteBarrierAsync(
879+
barrierRequest, 100L, new java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference<>(null), BarrierType.GLOBAL_STRONG_WRITE);
880+
881+
// Should return false (barrier not met) — NOT throw 408, because
882+
// lastAttemptWasThrottled was reset by the avoidQuorumSelection path.
883+
StepVerifier.create(result)
884+
.expectNext(Boolean.FALSE)
885+
.expectComplete()
886+
.verify(Duration.ofSeconds(30));
887+
}
888+
889+
@Test(groups = "unit")
890+
public void writeBarrier_NRegionCommit_AllReplicasThrottled_Returns408() {
891+
// Same as writeBarrier_AllReplicasThrottled_Returns408 but with N_REGION_SYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT barrier type.
892+
RequestRateTooLargeException throttleException = new RequestRateTooLargeException();
893+
StoreResult throttledStoreResult = new StoreResult(
894+
null, throttleException, "1", 0, 0, 0.0,
895+
UUID.randomUUID().toString(), UUID.randomUUID().toString(),
896+
4, 2, false, null, 0, 0, 1, 1, null, 0.3, 90.0);
897+
898+
StoreReader storeReader = Mockito.mock(StoreReader.class);
899+
Mockito.when(storeReader.readMultipleReplicaAsync(
900+
Mockito.any(), Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.anyInt(),
901+
Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.any(),
902+
Mockito.anyBoolean(), Mockito.anyBoolean()))
903+
.thenReturn(Mono.just(Collections.singletonList(throttledStoreResult)));
904+
905+
initializeConsistencyWriterWithStoreReader(false, storeReader);
906+
907+
RxDocumentServiceRequest barrierRequest = mockDocumentServiceRequest(clientContext);
908+
TimeoutHelper timeoutHelper = Mockito.mock(TimeoutHelper.class);
909+
barrierRequest.requestContext.timeoutHelper = timeoutHelper;
910+
911+
Mono<Boolean> result = consistencyWriter.waitForWriteBarrierAsync(
912+
barrierRequest, 100L, new java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference<>(null),
913+
BarrierType.N_REGION_SYNCHRONOUS_COMMIT);
914+
915+
StepVerifier.create(result)
916+
.expectErrorSatisfies(error -> {
917+
assertThat(error).isInstanceOf(RequestTimeoutException.class);
918+
RequestTimeoutException rte = (RequestTimeoutException) error;
919+
assertThat(rte.getSubStatusCode()).isEqualTo(SubStatusCodes.SERVER_WRITE_BARRIER_THROTTLED);
920+
})
921+
.verify(Duration.ofSeconds(30));
922+
}
832923
}

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