feat: add zstd compression support

- Add Zstandard (zstd) on-the-fly compression via klauspost/compress
- Support pre-compressed .zst sidecar files alongside .gz and .br
- Encoding priority: brotli > zstd > gzip (best ratio → fastest decompress)
- Add 5 zstd unit tests + cache-hit benchmark
- Update Makefile precompress target for zstd generation
- Update documentation across README, USER_GUIDE, and website

Author: jkyberneees

Makefile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.PHONY: build run test bench lint precompress clean release install commit bump changelog benchmark benchmark-keep benchmark-down benchmark-baremetal
+.PHONY: build run test bench lint precompress clean release install commit bump changelog benchmark benchmark-keep benchmark-down benchmark-baremetal benchmark-compress benchmark-compress-keep benchmark-compress-down
 
 # Binary output path and name
 BIN     := bin/static-web
@@ -41,18 +41,21 @@ bench:
 lint:
 	go vet ./...
 
-## precompress: gzip and brotli compress all files in ./public
+## precompress: gzip, brotli, and zstd compress all files in ./public
 precompress:
 	@echo "Pre-compressing files in ./public ..."
 	@find ./public -type f \
-		! -name "*.gz" ! -name "*.br" \
+		! -name "*.gz" ! -name "*.br" ! -name "*.zst" \
 		| while read f; do \
 			if command -v gzip >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
 				gzip -k -f "$$f" && echo "  gzip: $$f.gz"; \
 			fi; \
 			if command -v brotli >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
 				brotli -f "$$f" -o "$$f.br" && echo "  brotli: $$f.br"; \
 			fi; \
+			if command -v zstd >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
+				zstd -k -f "$$f" && echo "  zstd: $$f.zst"; \
+			fi; \
 		done
 	@echo "Done."
 
@@ -87,3 +90,15 @@ benchmark-down:
 ## benchmark-baremetal: run bare-metal benchmark (static-web production vs Bun, no Docker)
 benchmark-baremetal:
 	@bash benchmark/baremetal.sh
+
+## benchmark-compress: run compression-specific benchmark suite (tears down when done)
+benchmark-compress:
+	@bash benchmark/compress-bench.sh
+
+## benchmark-compress-keep: same as benchmark-compress but leaves containers running afterwards
+benchmark-compress-keep:
+	@bash benchmark/compress-bench.sh -k
+
+## benchmark-compress-down: tear down any running compression benchmark containers
+benchmark-compress-down:
+	docker compose -f benchmark/docker-compose.compression.yml down --remove-orphans

README.md

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ static-web --help
 | Feature | Detail |
 |---------|--------|
 | **In-memory LRU cache** | Size-bounded, byte-accurate; ~28 ns/op lookup with 0 allocations. Optional startup preload for instant cache hits. |
-| **gzip compression** | On-the-fly via pooled `gzip.Writer`; pre-compressed `.gz`/`.br` sidecar support |
+| **Compression** | On-the-fly gzip; pre-compressed `.gz`/`.br`/`.zst` sidecar support; priority: br > zstd > gzip |
 | **HTTP/2** | Automatic ALPN negotiation when TLS is configured |
 | **Conditional requests** | ETag, `304 Not Modified`, `If-Modified-Since`, `If-None-Match` |
 | **Range requests** | Byte ranges via custom `parseRange`/`serveRange` implementation for video and large files |
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ HTTP request
 │  • Range/conditional → custom serveRange()       │
 │  • Cache miss → os.Stat → disk read → cache put  │
 │  • Large files (> max_file_size) bypass cache    │
-│  • Encoding negotiation: brotli > gzip > plain   │
+│  • Encoding negotiation: brotli > zstd > gzip > plain   │
 │  • Preloaded files served instantly on startup   │
 │  • Custom 404 page (path-validated)              │
 └─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ Copy `config.toml.example` to `config.toml` and edit as needed. The server start
 | `enabled` | bool | `true` | Enable compression |
 | `min_size` | int | `1024` | Minimum bytes to compress |
 | `level` | int | `5` | gzip level (1–9) |
-| `precompressed` | bool | `true` | Serve `.gz`/`.br` sidecar files |
+| `precompressed` | bool | `true` | Serve `.gz`/`.br`/`.zst` sidecar files |
 
 ### `[headers]`
 
@@ -345,24 +345,27 @@ When TLS is configured:
 
 ## Pre-compressed Files
 
-Place `.gz` and `.br` sidecar files alongside originals. The server serves them automatically when the client signals support:
+Place `.gz`, `.br`, and `.zst` sidecar files alongside originals. The server serves them automatically when the client signals support:
 
 ```
 public/
   app.js
   app.js.gz    ← served for Accept-Encoding: gzip
-  app.js.br    ← served for Accept-Encoding: br (preferred over gzip)
+  app.js.br    ← served for Accept-Encoding: br (preferred)
+  app.js.zst   ← served for Accept-Encoding: zstd (fastest decompress)
   style.css
   style.css.gz
+  style.css.br
+  style.css.zst
 ```
 
 Generate sidecars from the `Makefile`:
 
 ```bash
-make precompress   # runs gzip and brotli on all .js/.css/.html/.json/.svg
+make precompress   # runs gzip, brotli, and zstd on all .js/.css/.html/.json/.svg
 ```
 
-> **Note**: On-the-fly brotli encoding is not implemented. Only `.br` sidecar files are served with brotli encoding.
+> **Note**: On-the-fly brotli encoding is not implemented. Only `.br` sidecar files are served with brotli encoding. Zstandard is available both as pre-compressed sidecar files and on-the-fly compression.
 
 ---
 

USER_GUIDE.md

@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ make build          # produces bin/static-web
 
 The server starts with sensible defaults even without a config file:
 
-| Default                | Value                 |
-| ---------------------- | --------------------- |
-| Listen address         | `:8080`               |
-| Static files directory | `./public`            |
-| In-memory cache        | enabled, 256 MB       |
-| Compression            | enabled, gzip level 5 |
-| Dotfile protection     | enabled               |
-| Security headers       | always set            |
+| Default                | Value                                 |
+| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
+| Listen address         | `:8080`                               |
+| Static files directory | `./public`                            |
+| In-memory cache        | enabled, 256 MB                       |
+| Compression            | enabled, gzip level 5, br + zstd      |
+| Dotfile protection     | enabled                               |
+| Security headers       | always set                            |
 
 Point your browser at `http://localhost:8080`.
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ preload       = false            # true = load all files into RAM at startup
 enabled       = true
 min_size      = 1024             # don't compress responses smaller than 1 KB
 level         = 5                # gzip level 1 (fastest) – 9 (best)
-precompressed = true             # serve .gz / .br sidecar files when available
+precompressed = true             # serve .gz / .br / .zst sidecar files when available
 
 [headers]
 immutable_pattern = ""           # glob for fingerprinted assets → Cache-Control: immutable
@@ -291,15 +291,18 @@ server {
 
 ## Pre-compressing Assets
 
-Serving pre-compressed files is far more efficient than on-the-fly gzip, especially for large JavaScript bundles. Place `.gz` and `.br` files alongside originals:
+Serving pre-compressed files is far more efficient than on-the-fly compression, especially for large JavaScript bundles. Place `.gz`, `.br`, and `.zst` files alongside originals:
 
 ```
 public/
   app.js
   app.js.gz      ← served when client sends Accept-Encoding: gzip
-  app.js.br      ← served when client sends Accept-Encoding: br (preferred over gzip)
+  app.js.br      ← served when client sends Accept-Encoding: br (preferred)
+  app.js.zst     ← served when client sends Accept-Encoding: zstd (fastest decompress)
   style.css
   style.css.gz
+  style.css.br
+  style.css.zst
 ```
 
 Generate them with the bundled Makefile target:
@@ -308,14 +311,17 @@ Generate them with the bundled Makefile target:
 make precompress
 ```
 
-Or manually (requires `gzip` and `brotli` installed):
+Or manually (requires `gzip`, `brotli`, and `zstd` installed):
 
 ```bash
 # gzip
 gzip -k -9 public/app.js          # keeps original, produces app.js.gz
 
 # brotli
 brotli -9 public/app.js -o public/app.js.br
+
+# zstandard
+zstd -k public/app.js            # keeps original, produces app.js.zst
 ```
 
 Enable in config (on by default):
@@ -327,6 +333,16 @@ precompressed = true
 
 > **Note:** Brotli encoding is only available via pre-compressed `.br` sidecar files. On-the-fly brotli compression is not implemented.
 
+### Encoding Priority
+
+When a client sends multiple encodings in `Accept-Encoding`, the server selects in this order:
+
+1. **Brotli** (`.br`) — best compression ratio
+2. **Zstandard** (`.zst`) — fastest decompression, good compression
+3. **Gzip** (`.gz`) — universally supported fallback
+
+This ordering provides the best balance of compression ratio and decompression speed.
+
 ---
 
 ## Docker Deployment
@@ -744,6 +760,8 @@ Directory listing is **disabled by default** (`directory_listing = false`). Enab
 | **Brotli on-the-fly not implemented** | Brotli encoding requires pre-compressed `.br` files.             | Run `make precompress` as part of your build pipeline.                             |
 | **No hot config reload**              | SIGHUP flushes the cache only; config changes require a restart. | Use a process manager (systemd, Docker restart policy) for zero-downtime restarts. |
 
+> **Note:** Zstandard (`.zst`) compression is available both as pre-compressed sidecar files and on-the-fly compression.
+
 ---
 
 ## Troubleshooting
@@ -779,7 +797,7 @@ If `cache.ttl` is `0`, entries remain cached until eviction pressure or SIGHUP f
 
 1. Verify `compression.enabled = true` in config.
 2. Check that the response is larger than `compression.min_size` (default: 1024 bytes).
-3. The client must send `Accept-Encoding: gzip`. Browsers do this automatically; `curl` does not by default — use `curl --compressed`.
+3. The client must send `Accept-Encoding: gzip`, `br`, or `zstd`. Browsers do this automatically; `curl` does not by default — use `curl --compressed` (for gzip) or specify the encoding explicitly.
 4. Some content types are not compressed (images, video, audio, pre-compressed archives). This is intentional — re-compressing already-compressed data makes files larger.
 
 ### HTTPS redirect loop

config.toml.example

@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ min_size = 1024
 # gzip compression level (1=fastest, 9=best). Default 5 is a good balance.
 level = 5
 
-# Serve pre-compressed .gz and .br sidecar files when they exist alongside originals.
+# Serve pre-compressed .gz, .br, and .zst sidecar files when they exist alongside originals.
+# Encoding priority: br > zstd > gzip
 precompressed = true
 
 [headers]

docs/index.html

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@
     <title>static-web — High-Performance Go Static File Server</title>
     <meta
       name="description"
-      content="Production-grade, blazing-fast static web file server written in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. In-memory LRU cache, HTTP/2, TLS 1.2+, gzip/brotli, security headers — built on fasthttp for maximum throughput."
+      content="Production-grade, blazing-fast static web file server written in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. In-memory LRU cache, HTTP/2, TLS 1.2+, gzip/brotli/zstd, security headers — built on fasthttp for maximum throughput."
     />
     <meta
       name="keywords"
-      content="static file server, go, golang, http2, tls, lru cache, gzip, brotli, performance, security, web server, static site hosting, docker"
+      content="static file server, go, golang, http2, tls, lru cache, gzip, brotli, zstd, performance, security, web server, static site hosting, docker"
     />
     <meta name="author" content="21no.de" />
     <meta name="robots" content="index, follow" />
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
     <meta property="og:title" content="static-web — High-Performance Go Static File Server" />
     <meta
       property="og:description"
-      content="Production-grade static web file server in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. HTTP/2, TLS 1.2+, gzip/brotli, security hardened."
+      content="Production-grade static web file server in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. HTTP/2, TLS 1.2+, gzip/brotli/zstd, security hardened."
     />
     <meta property="og:type" content="website" />
     <meta property="og:url" content="https://static.21no.de" />
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
     <meta name="twitter:title" content="static-web — High-Performance Go Static File Server" />
     <meta
       name="twitter:description"
-      content="Production-grade static file server in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. HTTP/2, TLS, gzip/brotli — security hardened."
+      content="Production-grade static file server in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. HTTP/2, TLS, gzip/brotli/zstd — security hardened."
     />
     <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://static.21no.de/og-image.svg" />
     <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="static-web — High-Performance Go Static File Server" />
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
             "programmingLanguage": "Go",
             "license": "https://github.com/BackendStack21/static-web/blob/main/LICENSE",
             "codeRepository": "https://github.com/BackendStack21/static-web",
-            "description": "A production-grade, blazing-fast static web file server written in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. Features in-memory LRU cache, TTL-aware cache expiry, HTTP/2, TLS 1.2+, gzip and brotli compression, and comprehensive security headers.",
+            "description": "A production-grade, blazing-fast static web file server written in Go. ~148k req/sec with fasthttp — 59% faster than Bun. Features in-memory LRU cache, TTL-aware cache expiry, HTTP/2, TLS 1.2+, gzip, brotli, and zstd compression, and comprehensive security headers.",
             "author": {
               "@type": "Person",
               "name": "Rolando Santamaria Maso",
@@ -86,22 +86,22 @@
               "price": "0",
               "priceCurrency": "USD"
             },
-            "featureList": [
-              "~148k req/sec — 59% faster than Bun's native static server",
-              "In-memory LRU cache with ~28 ns/op lookup",
-              "Startup preloading with path-safety cache pre-warming",
-              "TTL-aware cache expiry with optional automatic stale-entry eviction",
-              "Direct ctx.SetBody() fast path with pre-formatted headers for cache hits",
-              "HTTP/2 with TLS 1.2+ and HTTP→HTTPS redirect",
-              "TLS 1.2+ with AEAD cipher suites",
-              "gzip and brotli compression",
-              "6-step path traversal prevention",
-              "Security headers (CSP, HSTS, Permissions-Policy)",
-              "CORS with wildcard and per-origin modes",
-              "Directory listing with breadcrumb navigation",
-              "Docker and container ready",
-              "Graceful shutdown with signal handling"
-            ]
+              "featureList": [
+               "~148k req/sec — 59% faster than Bun's native static server",
+               "In-memory LRU cache with ~28 ns/op lookup",
+               "Startup preloading with path-safety cache pre-warming",
+               "TTL-aware cache expiry with optional automatic stale-entry eviction",
+               "Direct ctx.SetBody() fast path with pre-formatted headers for cache hits",
+               "HTTP/2 with TLS 1.2+ and HTTP→HTTPS redirect",
+               "TLS 1.2+ with AEAD cipher suites",
+               "gzip, brotli, and zstd compression",
+               "6-step path traversal prevention",
+               "Security headers (CSP, HSTS, Permissions-Policy)",
+               "CORS with wildcard and per-origin modes",
+               "Directory listing with breadcrumb navigation",
+               "Docker and container ready",
+               "Graceful shutdown with signal handling"
+             ]
           },
           {
             "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
         <h1 class="hero-title">static-web</h1>
         <p class="hero-subtitle">Production-Grade Go Static File Server</p>
         <p class="hero-description">
-          Blazing fast, lightweight static server with <strong>in-memory LRU cache</strong>, startup preloading, HTTP/2, TLS, gzip / brotli,
+          Blazing fast, lightweight static server with <strong>in-memory LRU cache</strong>, startup preloading, HTTP/2, TLS, gzip / brotli / zstd,
           and security headers baked in.
         </p>
 
@@ -301,10 +301,10 @@ <h3>Near-Zero Alloc Hot Path</h3>
             </div>
             <div class="feature-card">
               <div class="feature-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M4 22V4c0-.5.2-1 .6-1.4C5 2.2 5.5 2 6 2h8.5L20 7.5V20c0 .5-.2 1-.6 1.4-.4.4-.9.6-1.4.6h-2"/><path d="M14 2v6h6"/><path d="M10 20v-5"/><path d="M10 12v-1"/><path d="M10 8v-1"/></svg></div>
-              <h3>gzip + Brotli</h3>
+              <h3>gzip + Brotli + Zstd</h3>
               <p>
-                On-the-fly gzip via pooled writers, plus pre-compressed <code>.gz</code>/<code>.br</code> sidecar file
-                support. Brotli preference over gzip.
+                On-the-fly gzip and zstd via pooled writers, plus pre-compressed <code>.gz</code>/<code>.br</code>/<code>.zst</code> sidecar file
+                support. Encoding priority: brotli &gt; zstd &gt; gzip.
               </p>
             </div>
             <div class="feature-card">
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ <h3>Compress Middleware</h3>
               <div class="pipeline-info">
                 <h3>File Handler</h3>
                 <p>
-                  Preloaded or cached → direct ctx.SetBody() fast path · brotli/gzip sidecar negotiation · miss → stat → read →
+                  Preloaded or cached → direct ctx.SetBody() fast path · brotli/zstd/gzip sidecar negotiation · miss → stat → read →
                   cache
                 </p>
               </div>

go.mod

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ go 1.26
 require (
 	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.6.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.4
 	github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.69.0
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.2 // indirect
 	github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 h1:ukwgCxwYrmACq68yiUqwIWnGY0cTPox/M94sVwTo
 github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0/go.mod h1:rzTDkvFWvIrjDXZHkuS16NPggd91W3kUSvPlQ1pLaKY=
 github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7 h1:a+bsQ5rvGLjzHuww6tVxozPZFVghXaHOwFs4luLUK2k=
 github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7/go.mod h1:QeFd9opnmA6QUJc5vARoKUSoFhyfM2/ZepoAG6RGpeM=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.2 h1:iiPHWW0YrcFgpBYhsA6D1+fqHssJscY/Tm/y2Uqnapk=
-github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.2/go.mod h1:R0h/fSBs8DE4ENlcrlib3PsXS61voFxhIs2DeRhCvJ4=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.4 h1:RPhnKRAQ4Fh8zU2FY/6ZFDwTVTxgJ/EMydqSTzE9a2c=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.4/go.mod h1:R0h/fSBs8DE4ENlcrlib3PsXS61voFxhIs2DeRhCvJ4=
 github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0 h1:GqA5TC/0021Y/b9FG4Oi9Mr3q7XYx6KllzawFIhcdPw=
 github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0/go.mod h1:6bBcMArwyJ5K/AmCkWv1jt77kVWyCJ6HpOuEn7z0Csc=
 github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.69.0 h1:fNLLESD2SooWeh2cidsuFtOcrEi4uB4m1mPrkJMZyVI=
 github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.69.0/go.mod h1:4wA4PfAraPlAsJ5jMSqCE2ug5tqUPwKXxVj8oNECGcw=
+github.com/xyproto/randomstring v1.0.5 h1:YtlWPoRdgMu3NZtP45drfy1GKoojuR7hmRcnhZqKjWU=
+github.com/xyproto/randomstring v1.0.5/go.mod h1:rgmS5DeNXLivK7YprL0pY+lTuhNQW3iGxZ18UQApw/E=

internal/cache/cache.go

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ type CachedFile struct {
 	GzipData []byte
 	// BrData is the pre-compressed brotli content, or nil if unavailable.
 	BrData []byte
+	// ZstdData is the pre-compressed zstd content, or nil if unavailable.
+	ZstdData []byte
 	// ETag is the first 16 hex characters of sha256(Data), without quotes.
 	ETag string
 	// ETagFull is the pre-formatted weak ETag ready for use in HTTP headers,
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@ func matchesImmutable(urlPath, pattern string) bool {
 
 // totalSize returns the approximate byte footprint of the entry.
 func (f *CachedFile) totalSize() int64 {
-	return int64(len(f.Data)+len(f.GzipData)+len(f.BrData)) + cacheOverhead
+	return int64(len(f.Data)+len(f.GzipData)+len(f.BrData)+len(f.ZstdData)) + cacheOverhead
 }
 
 // CacheStats holds runtime statistics for the cache.