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mkdocs.yml

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- 媒体与认知: media-and-cognition.md
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- 科研与工具:
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- Matlab高级编程与工程应用: matlab.md
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- 高等模拟电路原理: advanced-analog-circuits.md
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- 模拟数字数据转换器: AD-and-DA-convertors.md
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- OrCAD使用笔记: orcad-and-allegro.md
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- Latex基础教程: latex-tutorial.md

notes/advanced-analog-circuits.md

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## 晶体管的长沟道模型
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![alt text](assets/advanced-analog-circuits_1772886541281_png)
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1. 栅极电压为零时,器件处于"关断"状态
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1. $V_{GS}>0$时,电子被拉到作为**正极**的栅极;$V_{GS}>V_{t}$时形成导电的{==反型层==}
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1. 此时若$V_{DS}>0$,漏极与源极之间将有电流产生。
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### 一阶电流-电压特性
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![alt text](assets/advanced-analog-circuits_1772886709033_png)
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假定$Q_n(x)=C_{ox}[V_{GS}-V(x)-V_t]$, $I_D=Q_n\cdot v\cdot W$, $v=\mu E$。则
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$$
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I_D=C_{ox}\left[V_{GS}-V(x)-V_t\right]\cdot \mu \cdot \frac{\mathrm dV}{\mathrm dx}\cdot W
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$$
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利用$E=\mathrm dV/\mathrm dx$,得到
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$$
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\boxed{I_D=\mu C_{ox}\frac{W}{L}\left[(V_{GS}-V_t)-\frac{V_{DS}}{2}\right]\cdot V_{DS}}
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$$
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![alt text](assets/advanced-analog-circuits_1772886942798_png)
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观察到$V_{DS}>V_{GS}-V_t$时图线异常下降,这是因为$V_{GD}=V_{GS}-V_{DS}<V_t$,时**沟道夹断**不能用这个模型。此时沟道电流**与$V_{DS}$无关**,称为饱和区。
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![alt text](assets/advanced-analog-circuits_1772887140531_png)
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修正后的电流方程:
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$$
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\begin{aligned}
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\text{线性区}\quad I_D&=\mu C_{ox}\frac{W}{L}\left[(V_{GS}-V_t)-\frac{V_{DS}}{2}\right]\cdot V_{DS}\\
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\text{饱和区}\quad I_D&=\frac{1}{2}\mu C_{ox}\frac{W}{L}(V_{GS}-V_t)^2
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\end{aligned}
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$$
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![alt text](assets/advanced-analog-circuits_1772887302100_png)
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### 电容模型
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| 电容 | 截止区 | 线性区 | 饱和区 |
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|-----|-----|-----|-----|
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| $C_{gs}$ | $0$ | $\dfrac{1}{2}WL C_{ox}$ | $\dfrac{2}{3}WL C_{ox}$ |
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| $C_{gd}$ | $0$ | $\dfrac{1}{2}WL C_{ox}$ | $0$ |
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| $C_{gb}$ | $\left(\dfrac{1}{C_{cb}}+\dfrac{1}{C_{gc}}\right)^{-1}$ | $0$ | $0$ |
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$$
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C_{cb}=\frac{\varepsilon_{si}}{x_d}\cdot W\cdot L
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$$
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#### 线性区本征电容模型
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![alt text](assets/advanced-analog-circuits_1772887971986_png)
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栅极和导电沟道以栅氧化层为中间介质构成平行板电容器。电容值为$C_{gc}=C_{ox}\cdot W\cdot L$、$C_{gs}=C_{gd}=C_{gc}/2$。势垒电容$C_{cb}$ **增加了漏、源到衬底的电容**,但通常可以忽略不计。
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#### 饱和区本征电容模型
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$V_{GD}$ 对沟道电荷的控制能力较弱,而 $V_{GS}$ 对沟道电荷的控制能力较强。$C_{gs}=2/3WLC_{ox}$,$C_{gd}\approx 0$。
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栅极看入是一接到衬底的电容,相当于栅氧电容和势垒电容的串联;如果栅极电压为负,耗尽区会缩小,栅极——衬底电容会增长。
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#### 非本征电容模型
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![alt text](assets/advanced-analog-circuits_1772892720370_png)
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包括交叠电容(栅极到源极、栅极到漏极)和pn结电容(源极到衬底、漏极到衬底)。
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site/404.html

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高等模拟电路原理
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