docs: add standardized CLAUDE.md for project documentation

- Comprehensive development guide following standardization template (AST-146793)
- Includes all essential sections: Project Overview, Architecture, Repository Structure,
  Technology Stack, Development Setup, Coding Standards, Project Rules, Testing Strategy,
  and Known Issues
- Includes recommended sections: External integrations (AST CLI, Azure Pipelines, GitHub),
  Deployment info, Performance considerations, API/Endpoints, Security & Access, Logging,
  and Debugging Steps
- Covers design patterns (Multiton, Semaphore, Configuration)
- Detailed setup instructions for Windows and Linux
- Comprehensive testing strategy with coverage thresholds and Jest configuration
- Security guidelines for authentication, credentials, and proxy management
- Debugging guide with common issues and solutions
- Contributing and release process documentation

Co-Authored-By: Claude Haiku 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: cx-rahul-pidde