[QNN EP] Fix error messages being logged as VERBOSE instead of ERROR (microsoft#24931)

## Problem

QNN error messages were being logged at VERBOSE level instead of ERROR
level, making them invisible unless verbose logging was enabled. Users
would only see unhelpful generic error messages like:

```
Failed to finalize QNN graph. Error code: 1002 at location qnn_model.cc:167 FinalizeGraphs
```

But the actual detailed error messages from QNN were hidden in verbose
logs:

```
tcm_migration.cc:2088:ERROR:Operator named q::*InputSlicePad (0x1654900000002) not sufficiently tiled to fit in TCM. Requires 12441600 bytes
graph_prepare.cc:2808:ERROR:Graph prepare TCM Migration action failed
graph_prepare.cc:2868:ERROR:Graph prepare failed during optimization with err: 17, Fatal Optimize
```

## Root Cause

The `QnnLogging` callback function in `qnn_backend_manager.cc` was
ignoring the `level` parameter from QNN and hardcoding all messages as
`kVERBOSE` severity:

```cpp
void QnnLogging(const char* format, QnnLog_Level_t level, uint64_t timestamp, va_list argument_parameter) {
  ORT_UNUSED_PARAMETER(level);  // ❌ Ignoring the actual log level
  // ...
  const auto severity = ::onnxruntime::logging::Severity::kVERBOSE;  // ❌ Hardcoded as VERBOSE
```

## Solution

Modified the `QnnLogging` function to properly map QNN log levels to
appropriate ORT severity levels:

- `QNN_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR` → `logging::Severity::kERROR` ✅ **Key fix**
- `QNN_LOG_LEVEL_WARN` → `logging::Severity::kWARNING`
- `QNN_LOG_LEVEL_INFO` → `logging::Severity::kINFO`
- `QNN_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE/DEBUG` → `logging::Severity::kVERBOSE`

## Changes Made

1. **Modified `QnnLogging` function**: Removed hardcoded `kVERBOSE` and
added proper level mapping
2. **Added `MapQNNLogLevelToOrtSeverity` function**: For potential
future reuse
3. **Minimal and surgical changes**: Only 37 lines added, 2 removed

## Impact

QNN error messages will now appear as ERROR-level logs in normal logging
output, making debugging much easier for users without requiring verbose
logging to be enabled.

Fixes microsoft#24876.

---

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---------

Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: vraspar <51386888+vraspar@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: yuslepukhin <11303988+yuslepukhin@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Dmitri Smirnov <yuslepukhin@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Dmitri Smirnov <dmitrism@microsoft.com>

Author: 4 people

onnxruntime/core/providers/qnn/builder/qnn_backend_manager.cc

@@ -441,7 +441,6 @@ void QnnLogging(const char* format,
                 QnnLog_Level_t level,
                 uint64_t timestamp,
                 va_list argument_parameter) {
-  ORT_UNUSED_PARAMETER(level);
   ORT_UNUSED_PARAMETER(timestamp);
 
   if (!::onnxruntime::logging::LoggingManager::HasDefaultLogger()) {
@@ -451,7 +450,8 @@ void QnnLogging(const char* format,
   }
 
   const auto& logger = ::onnxruntime::logging::LoggingManager::DefaultLogger();
-  const auto severity = ::onnxruntime::logging::Severity::kVERBOSE;
+  // Map QNN log level to ORT severity
+  logging::Severity severity = QnnBackendManager::MapQNNLogLevelToOrtSeverity(level);
   const auto data_type = ::onnxruntime::logging::DataType::SYSTEM;
 
   if (logger.OutputIsEnabled(severity, data_type)) {
@@ -525,6 +525,22 @@ QnnLog_Level_t QnnBackendManager::MapOrtSeverityToQNNLogLevel(logging::Severity
   }
 }
 
+/* static */ logging::Severity QnnBackendManager::MapQNNLogLevelToOrtSeverity(QnnLog_Level_t qnn_log_level) {
+  // Map QNN log level to ORT log severity
+  switch (qnn_log_level) {
+    case QNN_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE:
+    case QNN_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG:
+      return logging::Severity::kVERBOSE;
+    case QNN_LOG_LEVEL_INFO:
+      return logging::Severity::kINFO;
+    case QNN_LOG_LEVEL_WARN:
+      return logging::Severity::kWARNING;
+    case QNN_LOG_LEVEL_ERROR:
+    default:
+      return logging::Severity::kERROR;
+  }
+}
+
 Status QnnBackendManager::ResetQnnLogLevel(std::optional<logging::Severity> ort_log_level) {
   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(logger_recursive_mutex_);
   if (!backend_setup_completed_ || logger_ == nullptr) {

onnxruntime/core/providers/qnn/builder/qnn_backend_manager.h

@@ -248,6 +248,9 @@ class QnnBackendManager : public std::enable_shared_from_this<QnnBackendManager>
   bool ProfilingEnabled() { return profiling_enabled_; }
 #endif
 
+  QnnLog_Level_t MapOrtSeverityToQNNLogLevel(logging::Severity ort_log_level);
+  static logging::Severity MapQNNLogLevelToOrtSeverity(QnnLog_Level_t qnn_log_level);
+
  private:
   Status LoadBackend();
 
@@ -327,7 +330,6 @@ class QnnBackendManager : public std::enable_shared_from_this<QnnBackendManager>
 
   const char* QnnProfileErrorToString(QnnProfile_Error_t error);
   std::string QnnErrorHandleToString(Qnn_ErrorHandle_t error);
-  QnnLog_Level_t MapOrtSeverityToQNNLogLevel(logging::Severity ort_log_level);
 
   // Adds a new QNN context.
   // Transfers ownership of `context_handle` (i.e., responsibility of freeing it) to this instance