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It's an interpreted programming language mainly used for developing websites
- Collaboration - allows developers to work on the same project easily
- Storing old versions of code
- Having different versions of the same project using branches
It makes a copy of it so you can modify it and possibly contribute to the project you forked from
It copies the files to your computer so you can edit it locally and then upload it to github
When you request your code to be merged into a project usually accompanied by information on what changed