cli_tests.rs

use std::process::Command;

fn pred() -> Command {
    Command::new(env!("CARGO_BIN_EXE_pred"))
}

#[test]
fn test_help() {
    let output = pred().arg("--help").output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Explore NP-hard problem reductions"));
}

#[test]
fn test_list() {
    let output = pred().args(["list"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("QUBO"));
}

#[test]
fn test_list_includes_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow() {
    let output = pred().args(["list"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"));
}

#[test]
fn test_list_includes_integral_flow_homologous_arcs() {
    let output = pred().args(["list"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("IntegralFlowHomologousArcs"));
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_help_mentions_string_to_string_correction_bruteforce() {
    let output = pred().args(["solve", "--help"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("StringToStringCorrection"),
        "stdout: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(stdout.contains("--solver brute-force"), "stdout: {stdout}");
}

#[test]
fn test_list_rules() {
    let output = pred().args(["list", "--rules"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Registered reduction rules:"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("Source"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("Target"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("Overhead"));
    // Should contain a known reduction
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"),
        "should list MIS reductions"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_list_rules_json() {
    let output = pred().args(["list", "--rules", "--json"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(json["num_rules"].as_u64().unwrap() > 0);
    let rules = json["rules"].as_array().unwrap();
    assert!(!rules.is_empty());
    assert!(rules[0]["source"].is_string());
    assert!(rules[0]["target"].is_string());
    assert!(rules[0]["overhead"].is_string());
}

#[test]
fn test_show() {
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("Outgoing reductions"));
}

#[test]
fn test_show_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["show", "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("capacities"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("source_1"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("requirement_2"));
}

#[test]
fn test_show_variant_info() {
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // Bare MIS shows default variant with complexity
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("Complexity:"),
        "should show complexity: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_show_balanced_complete_bipartite_subgraph_complexity() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["show", "BalancedCompleteBipartiteSubgraph"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("1.3803^num_vertices"),
        "expected updated complexity metadata, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_stacker_crane_schema_help_uses_documented_flags() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "StackerCrane"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());

    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(stderr.contains("StackerCrane"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--arcs"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--graph"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--arc-lengths"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--edge-lengths"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--num-vertices"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--bound"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--biedges"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--arc-weights"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--edge-weights"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_balanced_complete_bipartite_subgraph_default_solver_uses_ilp() {
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_bcbs_problem.json");
    let create = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "BalancedCompleteBipartiteSubgraph",
            "--json",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create.status.success());
    std::fs::write(&tmp, create.stdout).unwrap();

    let solve = pred()
        .args(["solve", tmp.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(solve.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["problem"], "BalancedCompleteBipartiteSubgraph");
    assert_eq!(json["solver"], "ilp");
    assert_eq!(json["reduced_to"], "ILP");
    assert_eq!(json["evaluation"], "Or(true)");
    assert!(
        json["solution"]
            .as_array()
            .is_some_and(|solution| !solution.is_empty()),
        "expected a non-empty solution array, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_path() {
    let output = pred().args(["path", "MIS", "QUBO"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Path"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("step"));
}

#[test]
fn test_path_save() {
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_path.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "MIS", "QUBO", "-o", tmp.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    assert!(tmp.exists());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&tmp).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert!(json["path"].is_array());
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_path_all() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "MIS", "QUBO", "--all"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Found"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("paths from"));
}

#[test]
fn test_path_all_save() {
    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_all_paths");
    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "MIS", "QUBO", "--all", "-o", dir.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(dir.is_dir());
    let entries: Vec<_> = std::fs::read_dir(&dir).unwrap().collect();
    assert!(entries.len() > 1, "expected multiple path files");

    // Verify first file is valid JSON
    let first = dir.join("path_1.json");
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&first).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert!(json["path"].is_array());

    std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_export() {
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_export.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args(["export-graph", "-o", tmp.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    assert!(tmp.exists());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&tmp).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert!(json["nodes"].is_array());
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_export_stdout() {
    let output = pred().args(["export-graph"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // Without -o, export-graph prints human-readable summary to stdout
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("Reduction graph:"),
        "stdout should contain summary, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_show_includes_fields() {
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Fields"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("graph"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("weights"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_balanced_complete_bipartite_subgraph_help_uses_bipartite_flags() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "BalancedCompleteBipartiteSubgraph"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--left"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--right"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--biedges"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--left-size"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--right-size"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--edges"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_list_json() {
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_list.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args(["--output", tmp.to_str().unwrap(), "list"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    assert!(tmp.exists());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&tmp).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert!(json["variants"].is_array());
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_unknown_problem() {
    let output = pred().args(["show", "NonExistent"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("pred list"),
        "Unknown problem error should suggest `pred list`, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_unknown_problem_suggests() {
    // "MISs" is close to "MIS" alias -> should suggest MaximumIndependentSet
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MISs"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Did you mean"),
        "Close misspelling should trigger 'Did you mean', got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("pred list"),
        "Should always suggest `pred list`, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_unknown_problem_no_match() {
    // Totally unrelated name should still suggest pred list
    let output = pred().args(["show", "xyzxyzxyz"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("pred list"),
        "Should suggest `pred list` even with no fuzzy matches, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_evaluate() {
    let problem_json = r#"{
        "type": "MaximumIndependentSet",
        "variant": {"graph": "SimpleGraph", "weight": "i32"},
        "data": {
            "graph": {"num_vertices": 4, "edges": [[0,1],[1,2],[2,3]]},
            "weights": [1, 1, 1, 1]
        }
    }"#;
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_evaluate.json");
    std::fs::write(&tmp, problem_json).unwrap();

    let output = pred()
        .args(["evaluate", tmp.to_str().unwrap(), "--config", "1,0,1,0"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Max(2)"), "stdout: {stdout}");
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_evaluate_sat() {
    let problem_json = r#"{
        "type": "Satisfiability",
        "data": {
            "num_vars": 3,
            "clauses": [{"literals": [1, 2]}]
        }
    }"#;
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_eval_sat.json");
    std::fs::write(&tmp, problem_json).unwrap();

    let output = pred()
        .args(["evaluate", tmp.to_str().unwrap(), "--config", "1,1,0"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_evaluate_consecutive_block_minimization_rejects_ragged_matrix() {
    let problem_json = r#"{
        "type": "ConsecutiveBlockMinimization",
        "data": {
            "matrix": [[true, false], [true]],
            "bound": 1
        }
    }"#;
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_eval_cbm_ragged_matrix.json");
    std::fs::write(&tmp, problem_json).unwrap();

    let output = pred()
        .args(["evaluate", tmp.to_str().unwrap(), "--config", "0,1"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("same length"));
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_evaluate_multiple_choice_branching_rejects_invalid_partition_without_panicking() {
    let problem_json = r#"{
        "type": "MultipleChoiceBranching",
        "variant": {"weight": "i32"},
        "data": {
            "graph": {"num_vertices": 2, "arcs": [[0,1]]},
            "weights": [1],
            "partition": [[1]],
            "threshold": 1
        }
    }"#;
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_eval_invalid_mcb_partition.json");
    std::fs::write(&tmp, problem_json).unwrap();

    let output = pred()
        .args(["evaluate", tmp.to_str().unwrap(), "--config", "1"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "invalid partition should return a user error, got panic output: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("partition"),
        "stderr should mention the invalid partition: {stderr}"
    );
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-2,2-3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,2",
            "--source-1",
            "0",
            "--sink-1",
            "3",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "3",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"], serde_json::json!({}));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["capacities"], serde_json::json!([1, 1, 2]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["source_1"], 0);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["sink_1"], 3);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["source_2"], 1);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["sink_2"], 3);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["requirement_1"], 1);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["requirement_2"], 1);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow_missing_capacities_shows_usage() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-2,2-3",
            "--source-1",
            "0",
            "--sink-1",
            "3",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "3",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("requires --capacities"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow_rejects_invalid_capacity_token() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-2,2-3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,x,2",
            "--source-1",
            "0",
            "--sink-1",
            "3",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "3",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("Invalid capacity `x`"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow_rejects_wrong_capacity_count() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-2,2-3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,2",
            "--source-1",
            "0",
            "--sink-1",
            "3",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "3",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("Expected 3 capacities but got 2"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow_rejects_oversized_capacity() {
    let oversized = ((usize::MAX as u128) + 1).to_string();
    let capacities = format!("1,1,{oversized}");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-2,2-3",
            "--capacities",
            capacities.as_str(),
            "--source-1",
            "0",
            "--sink-1",
            "3",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "3",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains(format!("Invalid capacity `{oversized}`").as_str()));
    assert!(stderr.contains("number too large to fit in target type"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow_rejects_out_of_range_terminal() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-2,2-3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,2",
            "--source-1",
            "99",
            "--sink-1",
            "3",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "3",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("source-1 must be less than num_vertices (4)"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow"));
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_bundles() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowBundles",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>2,2>1",
            "--bundles",
            "0,1;2,5;3,4",
            "--bundle-capacities",
            "1,1,1",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--requirement",
            "1",
            "--num-vertices",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "IntegralFlowBundles");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"], serde_json::json!({}));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["graph"]["num_vertices"], 4);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["graph"]["arcs"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 6);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["bundles"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 1], [2, 5], [3, 4]])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["bundle_capacities"],
        serde_json::json!([1, 1, 1])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["source"], 0);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["sink"], 3);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["requirement"], 1);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_bundles_missing_bundles_shows_usage() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowBundles",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>2,2>1",
            "--bundle-capacities",
            "1,1,1",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--requirement",
            "1",
            "--num-vertices",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("requires --bundles"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowBundles"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_bundles_rejects_wrong_bundle_capacity_count() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowBundles",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>2,2>1",
            "--bundles",
            "0,1;2,5;3,4",
            "--bundle-capacities",
            "1,1",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--requirement",
            "1",
            "--num-vertices",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("Expected 3 bundle capacities but got 2"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowBundles"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_bundles_rejects_out_of_range_bundle_arc() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowBundles",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>2,2>1",
            "--bundles",
            "0,1;2,7;3,4",
            "--bundle-capacities",
            "1,1,1",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--requirement",
            "1",
            "--num-vertices",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("bundle 1 references arc 7"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowBundles"));
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_bundles_example() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "IntegralFlowBundles"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "IntegralFlowBundles");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["requirement"], 1);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["bundles"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 3);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_homologous_arcs() {
    let output_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_integral_flow_homologous_arcs.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowHomologousArcs",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,2>4,3>5,4>5",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "5",
            "--requirement",
            "2",
            "--homologous-pairs",
            "2=5;4=3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "IntegralFlowHomologousArcs");

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_homologous_arcs_requires_homologous_pairs() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowHomologousArcs",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,2>4,3>5,4>5",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "5",
            "--requirement",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("requires --homologous-pairs"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowHomologousArcs"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_homologous_arcs_rejects_invalid_pair_token() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowHomologousArcs",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,2>4,3>5,4>5",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "5",
            "--requirement",
            "2",
            "--homologous-pairs",
            "2-5;4=3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("u=v"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowHomologousArcs"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_with_multipliers() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowWithMultipliers",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,0>3,0>4,0>5,0>6,1>7,2>7,3>7,4>7,5>7,6>7",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,1,1,1,1,2,3,4,5,6,4",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "7",
            "--multipliers",
            "1,2,3,4,5,6,4,1",
            "--requirement",
            "12",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "IntegralFlowWithMultipliers");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"], serde_json::json!({}));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["source"], 0);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["sink"], 7);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["requirement"], 12);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["multipliers"],
        serde_json::json!([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 4, 1])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["capacities"],
        serde_json::json!([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 4])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_with_multipliers_missing_multipliers_shows_usage() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowWithMultipliers",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,2,2",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--requirement",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("requires --multipliers"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowWithMultipliers"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_with_multipliers_rejects_wrong_multiplier_count() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowWithMultipliers",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,2,2",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--multipliers",
            "1,2,3",
            "--requirement",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("Expected 4 multipliers but got 3"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowWithMultipliers"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_with_multipliers_rejects_zero_nonterminal_multiplier() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowWithMultipliers",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,2,2",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--multipliers",
            "1,0,3,1",
            "--requirement",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("non-terminal multipliers must be positive"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowWithMultipliers"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_integral_flow_with_multipliers_rejects_identical_source_and_sink() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "IntegralFlowWithMultipliers",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,2,2",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "0",
            "--multipliers",
            "1,2,3,1",
            "--requirement",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("requires distinct --source and --sink"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create IntegralFlowWithMultipliers"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_consecutive_block_minimization_rejects_ragged_matrix() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ConsecutiveBlockMinimization",
            "--matrix",
            "[[true],[true,false]]",
            "--bound",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("all matrix rows must have the same length"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("Usage: pred create ConsecutiveBlockMinimization"));
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_consecutive_block_minimization_help_mentions_json_matrix_format() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "ConsecutiveBlockMinimization"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("JSON 2D bool array"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("[[true,false,true],[false,true,true]]"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_help_mentions_consecutive_block_minimization_matrix_format() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "--help"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("ConsecutiveBlockMinimization"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("JSON 2D bool array"));
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce() {
    let problem_json = r#"{
        "type": "MIS",
        "variant": {"graph": "SimpleGraph", "weight": "i32"},
        "data": {
            "graph": {"num_vertices": 4, "edges": [[0,1],[1,2],[2,3]]},
            "weights": [1, 1, 1, 1]
        }
    }"#;
    let input = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_in.json");
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_out.json");
    std::fs::write(&input, problem_json).unwrap();

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            input.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "QUBO",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let bundle: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(bundle["source"]["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(bundle["target"]["type"], "QUBO");
    assert!(bundle["path"].is_array());

    std::fs::remove_file(&input).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce_via_path() {
    // 1. Create problem (use explicit variant to match path resolution)
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_in.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    // 2. Generate path file (use same variant as the problem)
    let path_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_path.json");
    let path_out = pred()
        .args([
            "path",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "QUBO",
            "-o",
            path_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(path_out.status.success());

    // 3. Reduce via path file
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_out.json");
    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "QUBO",
            "--via",
            path_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        reduce_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let bundle: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(bundle["source"]["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(bundle["target"]["type"], "QUBO");

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&path_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce_via_infer_target() {
    // --via without --to: target is inferred from the path file
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_infer_in.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let path_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_infer_path.json");
    let path_out = pred()
        .args([
            "path",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "QUBO",
            "-o",
            path_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(path_out.status.success());

    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_infer_out.json");
    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--via",
            path_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        reduce_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr)
    );

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let bundle: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(bundle["source"]["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(bundle["target"]["type"], "QUBO");

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&path_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce_via_rejects_target_variant_mismatch() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_variant_in.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let path_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_via_variant_path.json");
    let path_out = pred()
        .args([
            "path",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "ILP/bool",
            "-o",
            path_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        path_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&path_out.stderr)
    );

    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "ILP/i32",
            "--via",
            path_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !reduce_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("ILP") && stderr.contains("i32") && stderr.contains("bool"),
        "expected variant mismatch details, got: {stderr}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&path_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce_missing_to_and_via() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_missing.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args(["reduce", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--to") || stderr.contains("--via"));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mis() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_mis.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert!(json["data"].is_object());

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiprocessor_scheduling() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_multiprocessor_scheduling.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MultiprocessorScheduling",
            "--lengths",
            "4,5,3,2,6",
            "--num-processors",
            "2",
            "--deadline",
            "10",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MultiprocessorScheduling");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["lengths"], serde_json::json!([4, 5, 3, 2, 6]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["num_processors"], 2);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["deadline"], 10);

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiprocessor_scheduling_rejects_zero_processors() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultiprocessorScheduling",
            "--lengths",
            "4,5,3,2,6",
            "--num-processors",
            "0",
            "--deadline",
            "10",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();

    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "zero processors should return a user error, got panic output: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("requires --num-processors > 0"),
        "expected a validation error for zero processors, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_x3c_alias() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_x3c.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "X3C",
            "--universe",
            "6",
            "--sets",
            "0,1,2;3,4,5",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "ExactCoverBy3Sets");

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_d2cif_alias() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_d2cif.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "D2CIF",
            "--arcs",
            "0>2,0>3,1>2,1>3,2>4,2>5,3>4,3>5",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1",
            "--source-1",
            "0",
            "--sink-1",
            "4",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "5",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "DirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow");

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_d2cif_default_solver_uses_ilp() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_d2cif.json");
    let create_output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "D2CIF",
            "--arcs",
            "0>2,0>3,1>2,1>3,2>4,2>5,3>4,3>5",
            "--capacities",
            "1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1",
            "--source-1",
            "0",
            "--sink-1",
            "4",
            "--source-2",
            "1",
            "--sink-2",
            "5",
            "--requirement-1",
            "1",
            "--requirement-2",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_output.stderr)
    );

    let solve_output = pred()
        .args(["solve", output_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve_output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve_output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(solve_output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"ilp\""),
        "expected ILP solver output, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"reduced_to\": \"ILP\""),
        "expected auto-reduction marker, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_rectilinear_picture_compression_lists_ilp_and_bruteforce() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_rpc.json");
    let create_output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "RectilinearPictureCompression",
            "--matrix",
            "1,1;1,1",
            "--bound",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_output.stderr)
    );

    let inspect_output = pred()
        .args(["inspect", output_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        inspect_output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&inspect_output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(inspect_output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        json["solvers"] == serde_json::json!(["ilp", "brute-force"]),
        "inspect should list ILP first when available, got: {json}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_x3c_rejects_duplicate_subset_elements() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "X3C", "--universe", "6", "--sets", "0,0,1;3,4,5"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "stdout: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("contains duplicate elements"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_comparative_containment() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_comparative_containment.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "ComparativeContainment",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--r-sets",
            "0,1,2,3;0,1",
            "--s-sets",
            "0,1,2,3;2,3",
            "--r-weights",
            "2,5",
            "--s-weights",
            "3,6",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "ComparativeContainment");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["universe_size"], 4);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["r_sets"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 1, 2, 3], [0, 1]])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["s_sets"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 1, 2, 3], [2, 3]])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["r_weights"], serde_json::json!([2, 5]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["s_weights"], serde_json::json!([3, 6]));

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_comparative_containment_rejects_out_of_range_elements_without_panicking() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ComparativeContainment",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--r-sets",
            "0,1,4",
            "--s-sets",
            "0,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("outside universe of size 4"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_comparative_containment_rejects_nonpositive_weights_without_panicking() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ComparativeContainment",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--r-sets",
            "0,1",
            "--s-sets",
            "0,1",
            "--r-weights",
            "0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("positive"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_set_basis() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_set_basis.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SetBasis",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--sets",
            "0,1;1,2;0,2;0,1,2",
            "--k",
            "3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SetBasis");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["universe_size"], 4);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["k"], 3);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["collection"][0], serde_json::json!([0, 1]));

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_comparative_containment_f64() {
    let output_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_comparative_containment_f64.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "ComparativeContainment/f64",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--r-sets",
            "0,1,2,3;0,1",
            "--s-sets",
            "0,1,2,3;2,3",
            "--r-weights",
            "2.5,5.0",
            "--s-weights",
            "3.5,6.0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "ComparativeContainment");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "f64");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["r_weights"], serde_json::json!([2.5, 5.0]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["s_weights"], serde_json::json!([3.5, 6.0]));

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_comparative_containment_one_rejects_nonunit_weights() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ComparativeContainment/One",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--r-sets",
            "0,1,2,3;0,1",
            "--s-sets",
            "0,1,2,3;2,3",
            "--r-weights",
            "2,5",
            "--s-weights",
            "3,6",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "stdout: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Non-unit weights are not supported for ComparativeContainment/One"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_comparative_containment_no_flags_shows_help() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "ComparativeContainment"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--universe-size"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--r-sets"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--s-sets"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--universe "), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minimum_hitting_set() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_minimum_hitting_set.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MinimumHittingSet",
            "--universe",
            "6",
            "--sets",
            "0,1,2;0,3,4;1,3,5;2,4,5;0,1,5;2,3;1,4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinimumHittingSet");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["universe_size"], 6);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["sets"],
        serde_json::json!([
            [0, 1, 2],
            [0, 3, 4],
            [1, 3, 5],
            [2, 4, 5],
            [0, 1, 5],
            [2, 3],
            [1, 4]
        ])
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minimum_hitting_set_rejects_out_of_range_elements_without_panicking() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MinimumHittingSet",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--sets",
            "0,1,4;1,2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("outside universe of size 4"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_help_lists_minimum_hitting_set_flags() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "--help"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("MinimumHittingSet") && stdout.contains("--universe-size, --subsets"),
        "stdout: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_set_basis_requires_k() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SetBasis",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--sets",
            "0,1;1,2;0,2;0,1,2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("SetBasis requires --k"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_set_basis_rejects_out_of_range_elements() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SetBasis",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--sets",
            "0,4",
            "--k",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("outside universe of size 4"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_tardiness() {
    let output_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_weighted_tardiness_sequencing.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedTardiness",
            "--sizes",
            "3,4,2,5,3",
            "--weights",
            "2,3,1,4,2",
            "--deadlines",
            "5,8,4,15,10",
            "--bound",
            "13",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedTardiness");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["lengths"], serde_json::json!([3, 4, 2, 5, 3]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["weights"], serde_json::json!([2, 3, 1, 4, 2]));
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["deadlines"],
        serde_json::json!([5, 8, 4, 15, 10])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["bound"], 13);

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_tardiness_rejects_mismatched_lengths() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedTardiness",
            "--lengths",
            "3,4,2",
            "--weights",
            "2,3",
            "--deadlines",
            "5,8,4",
            "--bound",
            "13",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("lengths length (3) must equal weights length (2)"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minimum_cardinality_key_problem_help_uses_supported_flags() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MinimumCardinalityKey"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--num-attributes"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--dependencies"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("semicolon-separated dependencies"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minimum_cardinality_key_allows_empty_lhs_dependency() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MinimumCardinalityKey",
            "--num-attributes",
            "1",
            "--dependencies",
            ">0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinimumCardinalityKey");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["num_attributes"], 1);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["dependencies"][0][0], serde_json::json!([]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["dependencies"][0][1], serde_json::json!([0]));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minimum_cardinality_key_missing_num_attributes_message() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MinimumCardinalityKey",
            "--dependencies",
            "0>0",
            "--bound",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("MinimumCardinalityKey requires --num-attributes"));
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--num-vertices"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_two_dimensional_consecutive_sets_accepts_alphabet_size_flag() {
    let output_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_two_dimensional_consecutive_sets.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "TwoDimensionalConsecutiveSets",
            "--alphabet-size",
            "6",
            "--sets",
            "0,1,2;3,4,5;1,3;2,4;0,5",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "TwoDimensionalConsecutiveSets");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["alphabet_size"], 6);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["subsets"][0], serde_json::json!([0, 1, 2]));

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_two_dimensional_consecutive_sets_rejects_zero_alphabet_size_without_panic() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "TwoDimensionalConsecutiveSets",
            "--alphabet-size",
            "0",
            "--sets",
            "0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Alphabet size must be positive"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_two_dimensional_consecutive_sets_rejects_duplicate_elements_without_panic() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "TwoDimensionalConsecutiveSets",
            "--alphabet-size",
            "3",
            "--sets",
            "0,0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("duplicate element"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("panicked at"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_then_evaluate() {
    // Create a problem
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_eval.json");
    let create_output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_output.status.success(),
        "create stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_output.stderr)
    );

    // Evaluate with the created problem
    let eval_output = pred()
        .args([
            "evaluate",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--config",
            "1,0,1,0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        eval_output.status.success(),
        "evaluate stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&eval_output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(eval_output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Max(2)"), "stdout: {stdout}");

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sat() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_sat.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SAT",
            "--num-vars",
            "3",
            "--clauses",
            "1,2;-1,3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "Satisfiability");

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_choice_branching() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_mcb.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,3>5,4>5,2>4",
            "--weights",
            "3,2,4,1,2,3,1,3",
            "--partition",
            "0,1;2,3;4,7;5,6",
            "--bound",
            "10",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MultipleChoiceBranching");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["weights"],
        serde_json::json!([3, 2, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 3])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["partition"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 7], [5, 6]])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["threshold"], 10);

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_multiple_choice_branching() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MultipleChoiceBranching");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["threshold"], 10);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["partition"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 4);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_multiple_choice_branching_round_trips_into_solve() {
    let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
        "pred_test_model_example_mcb_{}.json",
        std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_nanos()
    ));
    let create = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32",
            "-o",
            path.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create.stderr)
    );

    let solve = pred()
        .args(["solve", path.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "brute-force"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve.stderr)
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&path).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_acyclic_partition() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "AcyclicPartition/i32",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,1>4,2>4,2>5,3>5,4>5",
            "--weights",
            "2,3,2,1,3,1",
            "--arc-costs",
            "1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1",
            "--weight-bound",
            "5",
            "--cost-bound",
            "5",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "AcyclicPartition");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["vertex_weights"],
        serde_json::json!([2, 3, 2, 1, 3, 1])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["arc_costs"],
        serde_json::json!([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["weight_bound"], 5);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["cost_bound"], 5);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_acyclic_partition() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "AcyclicPartition/i32"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "AcyclicPartition");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["weight_bound"], 5);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["cost_bound"], 5);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["graph"]["num_vertices"], 6);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_acyclic_partition_round_trips_into_solve() {
    let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
        "pred_test_model_example_acyclic_partition_{}.json",
        std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_nanos()
    ));
    let create = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "AcyclicPartition/i32",
            "-o",
            path.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create.stderr)
    );

    let solve = pred()
        .args(["solve", path.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "brute-force"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve.stderr)
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&path).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mixed_chinese_postman() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MixedChinesePostman",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-3,0-4,4-2",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,1>2,2>3,3>0",
            "--edge-weights",
            "2,3,1,2",
            "--arc-costs",
            "2,3,1,4",
            "--bound",
            "24",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MixedChinesePostman");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["graph"]["num_vertices"], 5);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["arc_weights"], serde_json::json!([2, 3, 1, 4]));
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["edge_weights"],
        serde_json::json!([2, 3, 1, 2])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_mixed_chinese_postman() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MixedChinesePostman/i32"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MixedChinesePostman");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mixed_chinese_postman_missing_arcs_shows_usage() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MixedChinesePostman",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-3,0-4,4-2",
            "--edge-weights",
            "2,3,1,2",
            "--arc-costs",
            "2,3,1,4",
            "--bound",
            "24",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());

    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("MixedChinesePostman requires --arcs"),
        "expected missing --arcs error, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Usage: pred create MixedChinesePostman"),
        "expected recovery usage hint, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mixed_chinese_postman_rejects_edge_weight_length_mismatch() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MixedChinesePostman",
            "--graph",
            "0-2,1-3,0-4,4-2",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,1>2,2>3,3>0",
            "--edge-weights",
            "2,3",
            "--arc-costs",
            "2,3,1,4",
            "--bound",
            "24",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());

    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Expected 4 edge weight"),
        "expected edge-weight mismatch diagnostic, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_choice_branching_rejects_negative_bound() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,3>5,4>5,2>4",
            "--weights",
            "3,2,4,1,2,3,1,3",
            "--partition",
            "0,1;2,3;4,7;5,6",
            "--bound=-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("threshold") || stderr.contains("--bound"),
        "stderr should mention the invalid threshold: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_choice_branching_rejects_overflowing_bound() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,3>5,4>5,2>4",
            "--weights",
            "3,2,4,1,2,3,1,3",
            "--partition",
            "0,1;2,3;4,7;5,6",
            "--bound",
            "2147483648",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("threshold") || stderr.contains("--bound"),
        "stderr should mention the overflowing threshold: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_choice_branching_rejects_invalid_partition_without_panicking() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,3>5,4>5,2>4",
            "--weights",
            "3,2,4,1,2,3,1,3",
            "--partition",
            "0,1;2,3;4,7;5,7",
            "--bound",
            "10",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "invalid partition should return a user error, got panic output: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("partition"),
        "stderr should mention the invalid partition: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_qubo() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_qubo.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "QUBO",
            "--matrix",
            "1,0.5;0.5,2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "QUBO");

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

// ---- Solve command tests ----

#[test]
fn test_solve_brute_force() {
    // Create a small MIS problem, then solve it
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_bf.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY (as in tests)
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"brute-force\""));
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solution\""));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_ilp() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_ilp.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", problem_file.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "ilp"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"ilp\""));
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solution\""));
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"reduced_to\": \"ILP\""),
        "MIS solved with ILP should show auto-reduction: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_ilp_default() {
    // Default solver is ilp
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_default.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"ilp\"") && stdout.contains("\"reduced_to\": \"ILP\""),
        "MIS with default solver should show auto-reduction: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_ilp_shows_via_ilp() {
    // When solving a non-ILP problem with ILP solver, output should show "via ILP"
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_via_ilp.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", problem_file.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "ilp"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"reduced_to\": \"ILP\""),
        "Non-ILP problem solved with ILP should show auto-reduction indicator, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"problem\": \"MaximumIndependentSet\""));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_json_output() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_json_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_json_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(result_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert!(json["solution"].is_array());
    assert_eq!(json["solver"], "brute-force");

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_bundle() {
    // Create → Reduce → Solve bundle
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_bundle_in.json");
    let bundle_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_bundle.json");

    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "QUBO",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        reduce_out.status.success(),
        "reduce stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr)
    );

    // Solve the bundle with brute-force
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"problem\""));
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solution\""));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&bundle_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_bundle_ilp() {
    // Create → Reduce → Solve bundle with ILP
    // Use MVC as target since it has an ILP reduction path (QUBO does not)
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_bundle_ilp_in.json");
    let bundle_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_bundle_ilp.json");

    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "MVC",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        reduce_out.status.success(),
        "reduce stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "ilp"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"problem\""));
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solution\""));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&bundle_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_direct_ilp_i32_problem() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_ilp_i32_problem.json");

    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "--example",
            "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime",
            "--to",
            "ILP/i32",
            "--example-side",
            "target",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"problem\": \"ILP\""), "{stdout}");
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"ilp\""), "{stdout}");

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_completion_time_default_solver() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir()
        .join("pred_test_solve_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_completion_time.json");

    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime",
            "--lengths",
            "2,1,3,1,2",
            "--weights",
            "3,5,1,4,2",
            "--precedence-pairs",
            "0>2,1>4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"problem\": \"SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime\""),
        "{stdout}"
    );
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"ilp\""), "{stdout}");
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solution\": ["), "{stdout}");

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_unknown_solver() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_unknown.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "unknown-solver",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("Unknown solver"));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_help_mentions_bruteforce_only_models() {
    let output = pred().args(["solve", "--help"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("MinMaxMulticenter"), "stdout: {stdout}");
    assert!(stdout.contains("--solver brute-force"), "stdout: {stdout}");
}

// ---- Create command: more problem types ----

#[test]
fn test_create_maxcut() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_maxcut.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MaxCut",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaxCut");
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mvc() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_mvc.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MVC",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinimumVertexCover");
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_kcoloring() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_kcol.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "KColoring",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-0",
            "--k",
            "3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "KColoring");
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bounded_component_spanning_forest() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_bcsf.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "BoundedComponentSpanningForest",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3,3-4,4-5,5-6,6-7,0-7,1-5,2-6",
            "--weights",
            "2,3,1,2,3,1,2,1",
            "--k",
            "3",
            "--bound",
            "6",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "BoundedComponentSpanningForest");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["max_components"], 3);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["max_weight"], 6);
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bounded_component_spanning_forest_rejects_zero_k() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoundedComponentSpanningForest",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--k",
            "0",
            "--bound",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--k >= 1"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bounded_component_spanning_forest_accepts_k_larger_than_num_vertices() {
    let out = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_bcsf_large_k.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoundedComponentSpanningForest",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--k",
            "5",
            "--bound",
            "2",
            "-o",
        ])
        .arg(&out)
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(out.exists());
    let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&out);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bounded_component_spanning_forest_rejects_negative_weights() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoundedComponentSpanningForest",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,-1,1,1",
            "--k",
            "2",
            "--bound",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("nonnegative --weights"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bounded_component_spanning_forest_rejects_negative_bound() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoundedComponentSpanningForest",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--k",
            "2",
            "--max-weight",
            "-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("positive --max-weight"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bounded_component_spanning_forest_rejects_out_of_range_bound() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoundedComponentSpanningForest",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--k",
            "2",
            "--bound",
            "3000000000",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("within i32 range"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bounded_component_spanning_forest_no_flags_shows_actual_cli_flags() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "BoundedComponentSpanningForest"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--k"),
        "expected '--k' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--max-weight"),
        "expected '--max-weight' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--max-components"),
        "help should not advertise nonexistent '--max-components' flag: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_rooted_tree_arrangement() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_rooted_tree_arrangement.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "RootedTreeArrangement",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-2,2-3,3-4",
            "--bound",
            "7",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "RootedTreeArrangement");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["bound"], 7);
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_string_to_string_correction() {
    let output_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_string_to_string_correction.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "StringToStringCorrection",
            "--source-string",
            "0,1,2,3,1,0",
            "--target-string",
            "0,1,3,2,1",
            "--bound",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "StringToStringCorrection");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["source"],
        serde_json::json!([0, 1, 2, 3, 1, 0])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["target"], serde_json::json!([0, 1, 3, 2, 1]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["bound"], 2);
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_string_to_string_correction() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "StringToStringCorrection"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "StringToStringCorrection");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["source"],
        serde_json::json!([0, 1, 2, 3, 1, 0])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["target"], serde_json::json!([0, 1, 3, 2, 1]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["bound"], 2);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_string_to_string_correction_help_uses_cli_flags() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "StringToStringCorrection"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--source-string"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--target-string"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--bound"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_string_to_string_correction_rejects_negative_bound() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "StringToStringCorrection",
            "--source-string",
            "0,1,2,3,1,0",
            "--target-string",
            "0,1,3,2,1",
            "--bound",
            "-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "negative bound should be rejected"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("nonnegative --bound"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_grouping_by_swapping() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "GroupingBySwapping",
            "--string",
            "0,1,2,0,1,2",
            "--bound",
            "5",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "GroupingBySwapping");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["alphabet_size"], 3);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["string"],
        serde_json::json!([0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["budget"], 5);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_grouping_by_swapping() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "GroupingBySwapping"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "GroupingBySwapping");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["alphabet_size"], 3);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["string"],
        serde_json::json!([0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["budget"], 5);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_grouping_by_swapping_help_uses_cli_flags() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "GroupingBySwapping"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--string"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--bound"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_spinglass() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_sg.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SpinGlass",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SpinGlass");
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_3sat() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_3sat.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "KSAT/K3",
            "--num-vars",
            "3",
            "--clauses",
            "1,2,3;-1,2,-3",
            "--k",
            "3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "KSatisfiability");
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_maximum_matching() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_mm.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MaximumMatching",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumMatching");
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_steiner_tree() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_steiner_tree.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SteinerTree",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-3,1-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-4",
            "--edge-weights",
            "2,5,2,1,5,6,1",
            "--terminals",
            "0,2,4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SteinerTree");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["terminals"], serde_json::json!([0, 2, 4]));
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_steiner_tree_rejects_duplicate_terminals() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SteinerTree",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
            "--edge-weights",
            "1,1",
            "--terminals",
            "0,0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("terminals must be distinct"), "{stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_completion_time() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir()
        .join("pred_test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_completion_time.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime",
            "--lengths",
            "2,1,3,1,2",
            "--weights",
            "3,5,1,4,2",
            "--precedence-pairs",
            "0>2,1>4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["lengths"], serde_json::json!([2, 1, 3, 1, 2]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["weights"], serde_json::json!([3, 5, 1, 4, 2]));
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["precedences"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 2], [1, 4]])
    );
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_help_describes_precedence_pairs_generically() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "--help"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Precedence pairs for MinimumTardinessSequencing, SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines, or SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_completion_time_rejects_zero_length() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime",
            "--lengths",
            "0,1,3",
            "--weights",
            "3,5,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("task lengths must be positive"), "{stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_with_edge_weights() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_ew.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MaxCut",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-0",
            "--edge-weights",
            "2,3,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_without_output() {
    // Create without -o prints JSON to stdout (not just "Created ...")
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS", "--graph", "0-1,1-2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert!(json["data"].is_object());
}

#[test]
fn test_create_from_example_source() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MVC/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "--to",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinimumVertexCover");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_from_example_target() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MVC/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "--to",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "--example-side",
            "target",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
}

// ---- Error cases ----

#[test]
fn test_create_unknown_problem() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "NonExistent", "--graph", "0-1"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
}

#[test]
fn test_create_unknown_example_problem() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "not_a_real_example"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("Unknown problem"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_mis() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_mis_shorthand() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MIS"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "One");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_mis_weight_only() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MIS/i32"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_steiner_tree() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "SteinerTree"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SteinerTree");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_missing_model_example() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MaximumIndependentSet/KingsSubgraph/One",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("No canonical model example exists"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_no_flags_shows_help() {
    // pred create MIS with no data flags shows schema-driven help and exits non-zero
    let output = pred().args(["create", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--graph"),
        "expected '--graph' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--weights"),
        "expected '--weights' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Example:"),
        "expected 'Example:' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_weighted_tardiness_no_flags_shows_help() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedTardiness"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--lengths"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("--weights"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("--deadlines"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("--bound"));
    assert!(stderr.contains("pred create SequencingToMinimizeWeightedTardiness"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_choice_branching_help_uses_threshold_flag() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--threshold"),
        "expected '--threshold' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--bound"),
        "help output should not advertise '--bound', got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("semicolon-separated groups"),
        "expected '--partition' help to describe groups, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_set_basis_no_flags_uses_actual_cli_flag_names() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "SetBasis"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--universe-size"),
        "expected '--universe-size' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--subsets"),
        "expected '--subsets' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--k"),
        "expected '--k' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--collection"),
        "help should not advertise schema field names: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_rectilinear_picture_compression_help_uses_bound_flag() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "RectilinearPictureCompression"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--matrix"),
        "expected '--matrix' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--bound"),
        "expected '--bound' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_rectilinear_picture_compression_rejects_ragged_matrix() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "RectilinearPictureCompression",
            "--matrix",
            "1,0;1",
            "--bound",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("All rows in --matrix must have the same length"),
        "expected rectangular-matrix validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "ragged matrix should not crash the CLI, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_register_sufficiency() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_register_sufficiency.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "RegisterSufficiency",
            "--arcs",
            "2>0,2>1,3>1,4>2,4>3,5>0,6>4,6>5",
            "--bound",
            "3",
            "--num-vertices",
            "7",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "RegisterSufficiency");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["num_vertices"], 7);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["bound"], 3);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["arcs"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 8);
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_help_uses_generic_matrix_and_k_descriptions() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "--help"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout);
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("Matrix input"),
        "expected generic matrix help, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("Shared integer parameter"),
        "expected generic k help, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stdout.contains("Matrix for QUBO"),
        "create --help should not imply --matrix is QUBO-only, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stdout.contains("Number of colors for KColoring"),
        "create --help should not imply --k is KColoring-only, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_length_bounded_disjoint_paths_help_uses_max_length_flag() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "LengthBoundedDisjointPaths"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--max-length"),
        "expected '--max-length' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--bound"),
        "help should advertise the canonical CLI flag name, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_consecutive_ones_submatrix_no_flags_uses_actual_cli_help() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "ConsecutiveOnesSubmatrix"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--matrix"),
        "expected '--matrix' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--bound"),
        "expected '--bound' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("semicolon-separated 0/1 rows: \"1,0;0,1\""),
        "expected bool matrix format hint in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_prime_attribute_name_no_flags_uses_actual_cli_flag_names() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "PrimeAttributeName"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--universe"),
        "expected '--universe' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--dependencies"),
        "expected '--dependencies' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--query-attribute"),
        "expected '--query-attribute' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--num-attributes"),
        "help should not advertise schema field names: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--deps"),
        "help should not advertise the legacy flag name: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--query\n"),
        "help should not advertise the legacy flag name: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_lcs_with_raw_strings_infers_alphabet() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "LCS", "--strings", "ABAC;BACA"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "LongestCommonSubsequence");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["alphabet_size"], 3);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["strings"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 1, 0, 2], [1, 0, 2, 0]])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_lcs_rejects_empty_strings_without_panicking() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "LCS", "--strings", ""])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("at least one non-empty string"),
        "expected user-facing validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "create command should reject invalid LCS input without panicking: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_kcoloring_missing_k() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "KColoring", "--graph", "0-1,1-2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--k"));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minmaxmulticenter_success() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MinMaxMulticenter",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,2,3,4",
            "--edge-weights",
            "5,6,7",
            "--k",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinMaxMulticenter");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["k"], 2);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["vertex_weights"],
        serde_json::json!([1, 2, 3, 4])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["edge_lengths"], serde_json::json!([5, 6, 7]));
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minmaxmulticenter_help_uses_cli_flag_names() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MinMaxMulticenter"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--weights"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--edge-weights"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--vertex-weights"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(!stderr.contains("--edge-lengths"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minmaxmulticenter_negative_inputs_rejected() {
    let vertex_weights = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MinMaxMulticenter",
            "--graph",
            "0-1",
            "--weights",
            "1,-1",
            "--edge-weights",
            "1",
            "--k",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!vertex_weights.status.success());
    assert!(String::from_utf8_lossy(&vertex_weights.stderr).contains("must be non-negative"));

    let edge_weights = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MinMaxMulticenter",
            "--graph",
            "0-1",
            "--weights",
            "1,1",
            "--edge-weights=-1",
            "--k",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!edge_weights.status.success());
    assert!(String::from_utf8_lossy(&edge_weights.stderr).contains("must be non-negative"));
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_minmaxmulticenter_default_solver_uses_ilp() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_minmaxmulticenter_solve.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MinMaxMulticenter",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--edge-weights",
            "1,1,1",
            "--k",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let solve_out = pred()
        .args(["solve", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve_out.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(solve_out.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"ilp\""), "stdout: {stdout}");
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"reduced_to\": \"ILP\""),
        "stdout: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_consecutive_ones_submatrix_succeeds() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ConsecutiveOnesSubmatrix",
            "--matrix",
            "1,1,0,1;1,0,1,1;0,1,1,0",
            "--bound",
            "3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "ConsecutiveOnesSubmatrix");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["bound"], 3);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["matrix"][0],
        serde_json::json!([true, true, false, true])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_kth_best_spanning_tree_rejects_zero_k() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "KthBestSpanningTree",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,0-2",
            "--edge-weights",
            "2,3,1",
            "--k",
            "0",
            "--bound",
            "3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("must be positive"),
        "expected positive-k validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_kth_best_spanning_tree_help_uses_edge_weights() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "KthBestSpanningTree"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--edge-weights"),
        "expected edge-weight help, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("\n  --weights"),
        "vertex-weight flag should not be suggested, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_kth_best_spanning_tree_rejects_vertex_weights_flag() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "KthBestSpanningTree",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-2",
            "--weights",
            "9,9,9",
            "--k",
            "1",
            "--bound",
            "3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--edge-weights"),
        "expected guidance toward edge weights, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_length_bounded_disjoint_paths_rejects_equal_terminals() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "LengthBoundedDisjointPaths",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "0",
            "--bound",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--source and --sink must be distinct"),
        "expected user-facing validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "create command should reject equal terminals without panicking: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_length_bounded_disjoint_paths_succeeds() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "LengthBoundedDisjointPaths",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-3,0-2,2-3",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "3",
            "--bound",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "LengthBoundedDisjointPaths");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["source"], 0);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["sink"], 3);
    // max_paths is auto-computed: min(deg(0), deg(3)) = min(2, 2) = 2
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["max_paths"], 2);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["max_length"], 2);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_length_bounded_disjoint_paths_rejects_negative_bound_value() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "LengthBoundedDisjointPaths",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
            "--source",
            "0",
            "--sink",
            "1",
            "--max-length",
            "-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr
            .contains("--max-length must be a nonnegative integer for LengthBoundedDisjointPaths"),
        "expected user-facing negative-bound error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_length_bounded_disjoint_paths_rejects_negative_bound_value() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "LengthBoundedDisjointPaths",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "3",
            "--seed",
            "7",
            "--max-length=-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr
            .contains("--max-length must be a nonnegative integer for LengthBoundedDisjointPaths"),
        "expected shared negative-bound validation, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_longest_circuit_succeeds() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "LongestCircuit",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3,3-0",
            "--edge-weights",
            "2,2,2,2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "LongestCircuit");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["edge_lengths"],
        serde_json::json!([2, 2, 2, 2])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_longest_circuit_defaults_unit_edge_weights() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "LongestCircuit", "--graph", "0-1,1-2,2-3,3-0"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "LongestCircuit");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["edge_lengths"],
        serde_json::json!([1, 1, 1, 1])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_longest_circuit_no_flags_shows_help() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "LongestCircuit"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--edge-weights"),
        "expected '--edge-weights' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--edge-lengths"),
        "help should advertise the actual CLI flag name, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_longest_circuit_succeeds() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "LongestCircuit",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "6",
            "--seed",
            "7",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "LongestCircuit");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["graph"]["num_vertices"], 6);
}

#[test]
fn test_evaluate_wrong_config_length() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_eval_wrong_len.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "evaluate",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--config",
            "1,0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("variables"));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_evaluate_json_output() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_eval_json_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_eval_json_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "evaluate",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--config",
            "1,0,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(result_file.exists());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert!(json["config"].is_array());

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_path_unknown_source() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "NonExistent", "QUBO"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Unknown problem"),
        "stderr should contain 'Unknown problem', got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("pred list"),
        "stderr should suggest `pred list`, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_path_unknown_target() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "MIS", "NonExistent"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Unknown problem"),
        "stderr should contain 'Unknown problem', got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("pred list"),
        "stderr should suggest `pred list`, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_path_with_cost_minimize_field() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "MIS", "QUBO", "--cost", "minimize:num_variables"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Path"));
}

#[test]
fn test_path_unknown_cost() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "MIS", "QUBO", "--cost", "bad-cost"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("Unknown cost function"));
}

#[test]
fn test_path_overall_overhead_text() {
    // Use a multi-step path so the "Overall" section appears
    let output = pred().args(["path", "KSAT/K3", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("Overall"),
        "multi-step path should show Overall overhead"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_path_overall_overhead_json() {
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_path_overall.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "KSAT/K3", "MIS", "-o", tmp.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&tmp).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert!(
        json["overall_overhead"].is_array(),
        "JSON should contain overall_overhead"
    );
    let items = json["overall_overhead"].as_array().unwrap();
    assert!(!items.is_empty(), "overall_overhead should have entries");
    assert!(items[0]["field"].is_string());
    assert!(items[0]["formula"].is_string());
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_path_overall_overhead_composition() {
    // Verify that overall overhead is the symbolic composition of per-step overheads,
    // not just the last step's overhead. For a multi-step path A→B→C, the overall
    // should substitute B's output expressions into C's input expressions.
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_path_composition.json");
    // 3SAT → SAT → MIS gives a 2-step path where:
    //   Step 1 (3SAT→SAT): num_literals = num_literals (identity)
    //   Step 2 (SAT→MIS): num_vertices = num_literals, num_edges = num_literals^2
    //   Overall: num_vertices = num_literals, num_edges = num_literals^2
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "KSAT/K3", "MIS", "-o", tmp.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&tmp).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();

    // Must have at least 2 steps (K3→KN variant cast adds an extra step)
    assert!(json["steps"].as_u64().unwrap() >= 2);

    // Collect overall overhead into a map
    let overall: std::collections::HashMap<String, String> = json["overall_overhead"]
        .as_array()
        .unwrap()
        .iter()
        .map(|e| {
            (
                e["field"].as_str().unwrap().to_string(),
                e["formula"].as_str().unwrap().to_string(),
            )
        })
        .collect();

    // The composed overhead should reference source (3SAT) variables, not intermediate ones.
    // num_vertices and num_edges should both be expressed in terms of num_literals.
    assert!(
        overall.contains_key("num_vertices"),
        "overall should have num_vertices"
    );
    assert!(
        overall.contains_key("num_edges"),
        "overall should have num_edges"
    );
    assert!(
        overall["num_vertices"].contains("num_literals"),
        "num_vertices should be in terms of source vars, got: {}",
        overall["num_vertices"]
    );
    assert!(
        overall["num_edges"].contains("num_literals"),
        "num_edges should be in terms of source vars, got: {}",
        overall["num_edges"]
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_path_all_overall_overhead() {
    // Every path in --all --json output should have overall_overhead
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "KSAT/K3", "MIS", "--all", "--json"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let envelope: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    let paths = envelope["paths"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("should have paths array");
    assert!(!paths.is_empty());
    for (i, p) in paths.iter().enumerate() {
        assert!(
            p["overall_overhead"].is_array(),
            "path {} missing overall_overhead",
            i + 1
        );
        let items = p["overall_overhead"].as_array().unwrap();
        assert!(
            !items.is_empty(),
            "path {} has empty overall_overhead",
            i + 1
        );
    }
    // Verify envelope metadata
    assert!(envelope["returned"].is_number());
    assert!(envelope["max_paths"].is_number());
    assert!(envelope["truncated"].is_boolean());
}

#[test]
fn test_path_single_step_no_overall_text() {
    // Single-step path should NOT show the Overall section
    // MaxCut -> SpinGlass is a genuine 1-step path with matching default variants
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "MaxCut", "SpinGlass"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        !stdout.contains("Overall"),
        "single-step path should not show Overall, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_show_json_output() {
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_show.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args(["-o", tmp.to_str().unwrap(), "show", "MIS"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    assert!(tmp.exists());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&tmp).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["name"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert!(json["variant"].is_object());
    assert!(json["reduces_to"].is_array());
    assert!(json["default"].is_boolean());
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_show_size_fields() {
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("Size fields"));
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce_unknown_target() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_unknown.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "NonExistent",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce_stdout() {
    // Reduce without -o prints to stdout
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_stdout.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "QUBO",
            "--json",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(json["source"].is_object());
    assert!(json["target"].is_object());

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_reduce_auto_json_output() {
    // auto_json: reduce outputs JSON when stdout is not a TTY (as in tests)
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_reduce_human.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args(["reduce", problem_file.to_str().unwrap(), "--to", "QUBO"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"),
        "expected 'MaximumIndependentSet' in stdout, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("QUBO"),
        "expected 'QUBO' in stdout, got: {stdout}"
    );
    // auto_json: should be valid JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&stdout).is_ok(),
        "stdout should be valid JSON with auto_json, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

// ---- Hint suppression tests ----

#[test]
fn test_solve_no_hint_when_piped() {
    // When stderr is a pipe (not a TTY), the solve hint should be suppressed.
    // In tests, subprocess stderr is captured via pipe, so it's not a TTY.
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_no_hint.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    // Solve without -o (brute-force)
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("Hint:"),
        "Hint should not appear when stderr is piped, got: {stderr}"
    );

    // Solve without -o (ilp)
    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", problem_file.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "ilp"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("Hint:"),
        "Hint should not appear when stderr is piped, got: {stderr}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_bundle_no_hint_when_piped() {
    // Bundle solve path: hint should also be suppressed when piped.
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_bundle_no_hint.json");
    let bundle_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_bundle_no_hint_bundle.json");

    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "QUBO",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(reduce_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("Hint:"),
        "Hint should not appear when stderr is piped, got: {stderr}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&bundle_file).ok();
}

// ---- Help message tests ----

#[test]
fn test_incorrect_command_shows_help() {
    // Missing required arguments should show after_help
    let output = pred().args(["solve"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    // The subcommand help hint should be shown
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("pred create") || stderr.contains("pred solve") || stderr.contains("Usage"),
        "stderr should contain help: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_subcommand_help() {
    let output = pred().args(["solve", "--help"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("brute-force"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("pred create"));
}

// ---- Shell completions tests ----

#[test]
fn test_completions_bash() {
    let output = pred().args(["completions", "bash"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("pred"),
        "completions should reference 'pred'"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_completions_auto_detect() {
    // Without explicit shell arg, should still succeed (falls back to bash)
    let output = pred().args(["completions"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("pred"));
}

// ---- k-neighbor exploration tests (pred to / pred from) ----

#[test]
fn test_to_incoming() {
    // `pred to MIS` shows what reduces TO MIS (incoming neighbors)
    let output = pred().args(["to", "MIS", "--hops", "2"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("incoming"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("reachable nodes"));
    // Should contain tree characters
    assert!(stdout.contains("├── ") || stdout.contains("└── "));
}

#[test]
fn test_from_outgoing() {
    // `pred from MIS` shows what MIS reduces to (outgoing neighbors)
    let output = pred()
        .args(["from", "MIS", "--hops", "1"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("outgoing"));
}

#[test]
fn test_to_json() {
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_to_hops.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args(["-o", tmp.to_str().unwrap(), "to", "MIS", "--hops", "2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    assert!(tmp.exists());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&tmp).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["source"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["hops"], 2);
    assert!(json["neighbors"].is_array());
    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_to_shows_variant_info() {
    let output = pred().args(["to", "MIS", "--hops", "1"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // Slash notation: either base name or Name/Variant
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"),
        "expected problem name in tree output, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_from_shows_variant_info() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["from", "MIS", "--hops", "1"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // Slash notation: either base name or Name/Variant
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"),
        "expected problem name in tree output, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_to_default_hops() {
    // Default --hops is 1
    let output = pred().args(["to", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(stdout.contains("1-hop"));
    assert!(stdout.contains("reachable nodes"));
}

// ---- Quiet mode tests ----

#[test]
fn test_quiet_suppresses_hints() {
    // Solve with -q: even if stderr were a TTY, quiet suppresses hints.
    // In tests stderr is a pipe so hints are already suppressed by TTY check,
    // but we verify -q is accepted and doesn't break anything.
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_quiet_hint.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-q",
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("Hint:"),
        "Hint should be suppressed with -q, got: {stderr}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_quiet_suppresses_wrote() {
    // Create with -q -o: the "Wrote ..." message should be suppressed.
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_quiet_wrote.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-q",
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("Wrote"),
        "\"Wrote\" message should be suppressed with -q, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_quiet_still_shows_stdout() {
    // Solve with -q: stdout should still contain the solution output.
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_quiet_stdout.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-q",
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solution\""),
        "stdout should still contain solution with -q, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

// ---- Stdin/pipe support tests ----

#[test]
fn test_create_pipe_to_solve() {
    // pred create MIS --graph 0-1,1-2 | pred solve - --solver brute-force
    let create_out = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS", "--graph", "0-1,1-2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    use std::io::Write;
    let mut child = pred()
        .args(["solve", "-", "--solver", "brute-force"])
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .unwrap();
    child
        .stdin
        .take()
        .unwrap()
        .write_all(&create_out.stdout)
        .unwrap();
    let solve_result = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve_result.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve_result.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(solve_result.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solution\""),
        "stdout should contain solution, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_sum_of_squares_partition_default_solver_uses_ilp() {
    let problem_json = r#"{
        "type": "SumOfSquaresPartition",
        "data": {
            "sizes": [5, 3, 8, 2, 7, 1],
            "num_groups": 3,
            "bound": 240
        }
    }"#;
    let tmp = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_sum_of_squares_partition.json");
    std::fs::write(&tmp, problem_json).unwrap();

    let output = pred()
        .args(["solve", tmp.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"ilp\""),
        "stdout should report the ILP solver, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"reduced_to\": \"ILP\""),
        "stdout should report the ILP reduction target, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&tmp).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_choice_branching_pipe_to_solve() {
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleChoiceBranching/i32",
            "--arcs",
            "0>1,0>2,1>3,2>3,1>4,3>5,4>5,2>4",
            "--weights",
            "3,2,4,1,2,3,1,3",
            "--partition",
            "0,1;2,3;4,7;5,6",
            "--bound",
            "10",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    use std::io::Write;
    let mut child = pred()
        .args(["solve", "-", "--solver", "brute-force"])
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .unwrap();
    child
        .stdin
        .take()
        .unwrap()
        .write_all(&create_out.stdout)
        .unwrap();
    let solve_result = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve_result.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve_result.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(solve_result.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solution\""),
        "stdout should contain solution, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_pipe_to_evaluate() {
    // pred create MIS --graph 0-1,1-2 | pred evaluate - --config 1,0,1
    let create_out = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS", "--graph", "0-1,1-2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    use std::io::Write;
    let mut child = pred()
        .args(["evaluate", "-", "--config", "1,0,1"])
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .unwrap();
    child
        .stdin
        .take()
        .unwrap()
        .write_all(&create_out.stdout)
        .unwrap();
    let eval_result = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        eval_result.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&eval_result.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(eval_result.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("Max("),
        "stdout should contain Max(...), got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_pipe_to_reduce() {
    // pred create MIS --graph 0-1,1-2 | pred reduce - --to QUBO
    let create_out = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS", "--graph", "0-1,1-2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    use std::io::Write;
    let mut child = pred()
        .args(["reduce", "-", "--to", "QUBO", "--json"])
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .unwrap();
    child
        .stdin
        .take()
        .unwrap()
        .write_all(&create_out.stdout)
        .unwrap();
    let reduce_result = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        reduce_result.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_result.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(reduce_result.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        json["source"].is_object(),
        "expected source object in reduction bundle, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

// ---- Inspect command tests ----

#[test]
fn test_inspect_problem() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args(["inspect", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"),
        "expected 'MaximumIndependentSet', got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"kind\""),
        "expected '\"kind\"', got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&stdout).is_ok(),
        "expected valid JSON, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_minmaxmulticenter_lists_ilp_and_bruteforce() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_minmaxmulticenter.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MinMaxMulticenter",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--edge-weights",
            "1,1,1",
            "--k",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args(["inspect", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    let solvers: Vec<&str> = json["solvers"]
        .as_array()
        .unwrap()
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert_eq!(solvers, vec!["ilp", "brute-force"]);

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_bundle() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_bundle_p.json");
    let bundle_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_bundle.json");

    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "QUBO",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        reduce_out.status.success(),
        "reduce stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args(["inspect", bundle_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"kind\": \"bundle\""),
        "expected '\"kind\": \"bundle\"' in output, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"source\""),
        "expected '\"source\"' in output, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"target\""),
        "expected '\"target\"' in output, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&bundle_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_stdin() {
    // Test pipe: create | inspect -
    let create_out = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS", "--graph", "0-1,1-2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    use std::io::Write;
    let mut child = pred()
        .args(["inspect", "-"])
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .unwrap();
    child
        .stdin
        .take()
        .unwrap()
        .write_all(&create_out.stdout)
        .unwrap();
    let result = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        result.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&result.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(result.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"),
        "expected 'MaximumIndependentSet', got: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_rejects_zero_length_sequencing_problem_from_stdin() {
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedCompletionTime",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let mut json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&create_out.stdout).unwrap();
    json["data"]["lengths"][0] = serde_json::json!(0);
    let invalid_json = serde_json::to_vec(&json).unwrap();

    use std::io::Write;
    let mut child = pred()
        .args(["inspect", "-"])
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .unwrap();
    child
        .stdin
        .take()
        .unwrap()
        .write_all(&invalid_json)
        .unwrap();
    let result = child.wait_with_output().unwrap();

    assert!(!result.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(result.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(stderr.contains("task lengths must be positive"), "{stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_json_output() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_json_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_json_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "inspect",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(result_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["kind"], "problem");
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    let size_fields: Vec<&str> = json["size_fields"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("size_fields should be an array")
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_vertices"),
        "MIS size_fields should contain num_vertices, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_edges"),
        "MIS size_fields should contain num_edges, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );
    assert!(json["solvers"].is_array());
    assert!(json["reduces_to"].is_array());

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_multiprocessor_scheduling_reports_ilp_and_brute_force() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_mps_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_mps_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MultiprocessorScheduling",
            "--lengths",
            "4,5,3,2,6",
            "--num-processors",
            "2",
            "--deadline",
            "10",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "inspect",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    let solvers: Vec<&str> = json["solvers"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("solvers should be an array")
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert_eq!(
        solvers,
        vec!["ilp", "brute-force"],
        "unexpected solvers: {solvers:?}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_undirected_two_commodity_integral_flow_reports_size_fields() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_utcif_inspect_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_utcif_inspect_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "--example",
            "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "inspect",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(result_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    let size_fields: Vec<&str> = json["size_fields"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("size_fields should be an array")
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_vertices"),
        "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow size_fields should contain num_vertices, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_edges"),
        "UndirectedTwoCommodityIntegralFlow size_fields should contain num_edges, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_integral_flow_with_multipliers_reports_size_fields() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_ifwm_inspect_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_ifwm_inspect_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "--example",
            "IntegralFlowWithMultipliers",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "inspect",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    let size_fields: Vec<&str> = json["size_fields"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("size_fields should be an array")
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert!(size_fields.contains(&"num_vertices"));
    assert!(size_fields.contains(&"num_arcs"));
    assert!(size_fields.contains(&"max_capacity"));
    assert!(size_fields.contains(&"requirement"));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_acyclic_partition_reports_size_fields() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_acyclic_partition_inspect_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_acyclic_partition_inspect_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "--example",
            "AcyclicPartition/i32",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "inspect",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(result_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    let size_fields: Vec<&str> = json["size_fields"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("size_fields should be an array")
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_vertices"),
        "AcyclicPartition size_fields should contain num_vertices, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_arcs"),
        "AcyclicPartition size_fields should contain num_arcs, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_multiple_copy_file_allocation_reports_size_fields() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_mcfa_inspect_in.json");
    let result_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_mcfa_inspect_out.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MultipleCopyFileAllocation",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            result_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "inspect",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(result_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&result_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    let size_fields: Vec<&str> = json["size_fields"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("size_fields should be an array")
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_vertices"),
        "MultipleCopyFileAllocation size_fields should contain num_vertices, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );
    assert!(
        size_fields.contains(&"num_edges"),
        "MultipleCopyFileAllocation size_fields should contain num_edges, got: {:?}",
        size_fields
    );
    let solvers: Vec<&str> = json["solvers"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("solvers should be an array")
        .iter()
        .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert_eq!(solvers, vec!["ilp", "brute-force"]);

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&result_file).ok();
}

// ---- Random generation tests ----

#[test]
fn test_create_random_mis() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "10",
            "--edge-prob",
            "0.3",
            "--seed",
            "42",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert!(json["data"].is_object());
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_deterministic() {
    // Same seed should produce identical output
    let out1 = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "5",
            "--seed",
            "123",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    let out2 = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "5",
            "--seed",
            "123",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(out1.status.success());
    assert!(out2.status.success());
    assert_eq!(out1.stdout, out2.stdout);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_missing_num_vertices() {
    let output = pred().args(["create", "MIS", "--random"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--num-vertices"),
        "expected '--num-vertices' in error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_maxcut() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MaxCut",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "5",
            "--seed",
            "42",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaxCut");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_unsupported() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "SAT", "--random", "--num-vertices", "5"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("not supported"),
        "expected 'not supported' in error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_steiner_tree_requires_two_vertices() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "SteinerTree", "--random", "--num-vertices", "1"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("SteinerTree random generation requires --num-vertices >= 2"),
        "{stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_invalid_edge_prob() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "5",
            "--edge-prob",
            "1.5",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--edge-prob must be between"),
        "expected edge-prob validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_spinglass() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SpinGlass",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "5",
            "--seed",
            "42",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SpinGlass");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_kcoloring() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "KColoring",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "5",
            "--seed",
            "42",
            "--k",
            "3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "KColoring");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_to_file() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_random.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "8",
            "--edge-prob",
            "0.4",
            "--seed",
            "99",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());

    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");

    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_default_edge_prob() {
    // Without --edge-prob, defaults to 0.5
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "5",
            "--seed",
            "42",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
}

// ---- Factoring create tests (P8) ----

#[test]
fn test_create_factoring() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "Factoring",
            "--target",
            "15",
            "--m",
            "4",
            "--n",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "Factoring");
    assert!(json["data"].is_object());
}

#[test]
fn test_create_factoring_with_bits() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_factoring.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "Factoring",
            "--target",
            "15",
            "--m",
            "4",
            "--n",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(output_file.exists());
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "Factoring");
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_factoring_no_flags_shows_help() {
    // pred create Factoring with no data flags shows schema-driven help and exits non-zero
    let output = pred().args(["create", "Factoring"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--target"),
        "expected '--target' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--m"),
        "expected '--m' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_factoring_missing_bits() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "Factoring", "--target", "15"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--m"),
        "expected '--m' in error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bcnf_rejects_out_of_range_attribute_indices() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoyceCoddNormalFormViolation",
            "--n",
            "3",
            "--sets",
            "0:4",
            "--target",
            "0,1,2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "expected invalid indices to be rejected"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "CLI should return a user-facing error, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("out of range"),
        "expected out-of-range error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bcnf_rejects_out_of_range_lhs_attribute_indices() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoyceCoddNormalFormViolation",
            "--n",
            "3",
            "--sets",
            "4:0",
            "--target",
            "0,1,2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "expected invalid lhs indices to be rejected"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("lhs contains attribute index 4"),
        "expected lhs-specific out-of-range error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_bcnf_rejects_out_of_range_target_attribute_indices() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "BoyceCoddNormalFormViolation",
            "--n",
            "3",
            "--sets",
            "0:1",
            "--target",
            "0,1,4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "expected invalid target indices to be rejected"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Target subset contains attribute index 4"),
        "expected target-specific out-of-range error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_consistency_of_database_frequency_tables() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ConsistencyOfDatabaseFrequencyTables",
            "--num-objects",
            "6",
            "--attribute-domains",
            "2,3,2",
            "--frequency-tables",
            "0,1:1,1,1|1,1,1;1,2:1,1|0,2|1,1",
            "--known-values",
            "0,0,0;3,0,1;1,2,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "ConsistencyOfDatabaseFrequencyTables");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["num_objects"], 6);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["attribute_domains"],
        serde_json::json!([2, 3, 2])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["frequency_tables"][0]["attribute_a"], 0);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["frequency_tables"][0]["attribute_b"], 1);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["frequency_tables"][0]["counts"],
        serde_json::json!([[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["known_values"],
        serde_json::json!([
            {"object": 0, "attribute": 0, "value": 0},
            {"object": 3, "attribute": 0, "value": 1},
            {"object": 1, "attribute": 2, "value": 1}
        ])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_consistency_of_database_frequency_tables_problem_help_uses_supported_flags() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "ConsistencyOfDatabaseFrequencyTables"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--num-objects"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--attribute-domains"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--frequency-tables"), "stderr: {stderr}");
    assert!(stderr.contains("--known-values"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_copy_file_allocation() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleCopyFileAllocation",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--usage",
            "5,4,3,2",
            "--storage",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MultipleCopyFileAllocation");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["usage"], serde_json::json!([5, 4, 3, 2]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["storage"], serde_json::json!([1, 1, 1, 1]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["graph"]["num_vertices"], 4);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["graph"]["edges"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 3);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_maximum_cumulative_cost() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost",
            "--costs",
            "2,-1,3,-2,1,-3",
            "--precedence-pairs",
            "0>2,1>2,1>3,2>4,3>5,4>5",
            "--bound",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["costs"],
        serde_json::json!([2, -1, 3, -2, 1, -3])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["precedences"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 2], [1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 4], [3, 5], [4, 5]])
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_copy_file_allocation_no_flags_shows_help() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MultipleCopyFileAllocation"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--usage"),
        "expected '--usage' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--storage"),
        "expected '--storage' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_maximum_cumulative_cost_no_flags_shows_help() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help without data flags"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--costs"),
        "expected '--costs' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--bound"),
        "should not mention --bound after optimization upgrade, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_copy_file_allocation_rejects_length_mismatch() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleCopyFileAllocation",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--usage",
            "5,4",
            "--storage",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("usage"),
        "expected usage-length diagnostic, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Usage: pred create MultipleCopyFileAllocation"),
        "expected recovery usage hint, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_maximum_cumulative_cost_missing_costs() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost",
            "--bound",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("requires --costs"),
        "expected missing --costs message, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_copy_file_allocation_rejects_storage_length_mismatch() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleCopyFileAllocation",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--usage",
            "5,4,3,2",
            "--storage",
            "1,1",
            "--bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("storage"),
        "expected storage-length diagnostic, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Usage: pred create MultipleCopyFileAllocation"),
        "expected recovery usage hint, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_maximum_cumulative_cost_bad_precedence() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost",
            "--costs",
            "1,-1,2",
            "--precedence-pairs",
            "0>3",
            "--bound",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("precedence"),
        "expected precedence validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_multiple_copy_file_allocation_rejects_invalid_usage_values() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MultipleCopyFileAllocation",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--usage",
            "5,x,3,2",
            "--storage",
            "1,1,1,1",
            "--bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("invalid usage list"),
        "expected usage parse diagnostic, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Usage: pred create MultipleCopyFileAllocation"),
        "expected recovery usage hint, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_maximum_cumulative_cost_invalid_precedence_pair() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost",
            "--costs",
            "1,-1,2",
            "--precedences",
            "a>b",
            "--bound",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--precedences"),
        "expected flag-specific precedence parse error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_to_minimize_maximum_cumulative_cost_allows_negative_values() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost",
            "--costs",
            "-1,2,-3",
            "--bound",
            "-1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["costs"], serde_json::json!([-1, 2, -3]));
}

#[test]
fn test_evaluate_multiprocessor_scheduling_rejects_zero_processors_json() {
    let problem_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_eval_multiprocessor_zero_processors.json");
    std::fs::write(
        &problem_file,
        r#"{
  "type": "MultiprocessorScheduling",
  "variant": {},
  "data": {
    "lengths": [1, 2],
    "num_processors": 0,
    "deadline": 5
  }
}"#,
    )
    .unwrap();

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "evaluate",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--config",
            "0,0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "stdout: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout)
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("expected positive integer, got 0"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_multiple_copy_file_allocation_brute_force() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_mcfa_bf.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MultipleCopyFileAllocation",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solver\": \"brute-force\""),
        "MultipleCopyFileAllocation should solve with brute-force: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

// ---- Timeout tests (H3) ----

#[test]
fn test_solve_timeout_succeeds() {
    // Small problem with generous timeout should succeed
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_timeout.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
            "--timeout",
            "30",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("\"solution\""),
        "expected solution in stdout, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_timeout_zero_means_no_limit() {
    // --timeout 0 is the default (no limit), should work normally
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_timeout0.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "brute-force",
            "--timeout",
            "0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    // auto_json: data commands output JSON when stdout is not a TTY
    assert!(stdout.contains("\"solution\""));

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Geometry-based graph tests
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#[test]
fn test_create_mis_kings_subgraph() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/KingsSubgraph",
            "--positions",
            "0,0;1,0;1,1;0,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "KingsSubgraph");
    assert!(json["data"].is_object());
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mis_triangular_subgraph() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/TriangularSubgraph/i32",
            "--positions",
            "0,0;0,1;1,0;1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "TriangularSubgraph");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mis_unit_disk_graph() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/UnitDiskGraph",
            "--positions",
            "0,0;1,0;0.5,0.8",
            "--radius",
            "1.5",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "UnitDiskGraph");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mvc_kings_subgraph_unsupported_variant() {
    // MVC doesn't have a KingsSubgraph variant registered
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MVC/KingsSubgraph", "--positions", "0,0;1,0;1,1"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Unknown variant token \"KingsSubgraph\""),
        "should mention unknown variant token: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mis_unit_disk_graph_default_radius() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/UnitDiskGraph",
            "--positions",
            "0,0;0.5,0;1,0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "UnitDiskGraph");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_mis_kings_subgraph_with_weights() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/KingsSubgraph/i32",
            "--positions",
            "0,0;1,0;1,1",
            "--weights",
            "2,3,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "KingsSubgraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_kings_subgraph() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/KingsSubgraph",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "10",
            "--seed",
            "42",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "KingsSubgraph");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_triangular_subgraph() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/TriangularSubgraph/i32",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "8",
            "--seed",
            "42",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "TriangularSubgraph");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_random_unit_disk_graph() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/UnitDiskGraph",
            "--random",
            "--num-vertices",
            "10",
            "--radius",
            "1.5",
            "--seed",
            "42",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "UnitDiskGraph");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_kings_subgraph_help() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS/KingsSubgraph"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("positions") || stderr.contains("MaximumIndependentSet"),
        "stderr should show help: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_geometry_graph_missing_positions() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS/KingsSubgraph", "--weights", "1,2,3"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--positions"),
        "should mention --positions: {stderr}"
    );
}

// ---- Round-trip: canonical examples through solve ----

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_mis_round_trips_into_solve() {
    let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
        "pred_test_model_example_mis_{}.json",
        std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_nanos()
    ));
    let create = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "-o",
            path.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create.stderr)
    );

    let solve = pred()
        .args(["solve", path.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "brute-force"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve.stderr)
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&path).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_rule_example_mvc_to_mis_round_trips_into_solve() {
    let path = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
        "pred_test_rule_example_mvc_to_mis_{}.json",
        std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_nanos()
    ));
    let create = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MVC/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "--to",
            "MIS/SimpleGraph/i32",
            "-o",
            path.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create.stderr)
    );

    let solve = pred()
        .args(["solve", path.to_str().unwrap(), "--solver", "brute-force"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve.stderr)
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&path).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_rule_example_mvc_to_mis_weight_only() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MVC/i32", "--to", "MIS/i32"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinimumVertexCover");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_rule_example_mvc_to_mis_target_weight_only() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "MVC/i32",
            "--to",
            "MIS/i32",
            "--example-side",
            "target",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

// ---- Variant-level show semantics ----

#[test]
fn test_show_with_slash_spec() {
    // `pred show MIS/UnitDiskGraph` should show that specific variant
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MIS/UnitDiskGraph"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("UnitDiskGraph"),
        "should show UnitDiskGraph variant: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_show_bare_name_uses_default() {
    // `pred show MIS` resolves to default variant and marks it
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MIS"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("SimpleGraph"),
        "bare MIS should resolve to SimpleGraph default: {stdout}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_show_ksat_works() {
    // `pred show KSAT` should succeed (alias resolves to KSatisfiability default variant)
    let output = pred().args(["show", "KSAT"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("KSatisfiability"),
        "should show KSatisfiability: {stdout}"
    );
}

// ---- Capped multi-path ----

#[test]
fn test_path_all_max_paths_truncates() {
    // With --max-paths 3, should limit to 3 paths and indicate truncation
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "path",
            "KSat",
            "QUBO",
            "--all",
            "--max-paths",
            "3",
            "--json",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let envelope: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    let paths = envelope["paths"]
        .as_array()
        .expect("should have paths array");
    assert!(
        paths.len() <= 3,
        "should return at most 3 paths, got {}",
        paths.len()
    );
    assert_eq!(envelope["max_paths"], 3);
    // KSat -> QUBO has many paths, so truncation is expected
    assert_eq!(
        envelope["truncated"], true,
        "should be truncated since KSat->QUBO has many paths"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_path_all_max_paths_text_truncation_note() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["path", "KSat", "QUBO", "--all", "--max-paths", "2"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("--max-paths"),
        "truncation note should mention --max-paths: {stdout}"
    );
}

// ---- Default variant resolution for create ----

#[test]
fn test_create_bare_mis_default_variant() {
    // `pred create MIS --graph 0-1,1-2,2-3` should work with default variant
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "MIS", "--graph", "0-1,1-2,2-3"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MaximumIndependentSet");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-5,4-5,1-4",
            "--edge-lengths",
            "2,4,3,1,5,4,2,6",
            "--edge-weights",
            "5,1,2,3,2,3,1,1",
            "--source-vertex",
            "0",
            "--target-vertex",
            "5",
            "--weight-bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["source_vertex"], 0);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["target_vertex"], 5);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["weight_bound"], 8);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path_missing_source_vertex() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-5,4-5,1-4",
            "--edge-lengths",
            "2,4,3,1,5,4,2,6",
            "--edge-weights",
            "5,1,2,3,2,3,1,1",
            "--target-vertex",
            "5",
            "--weight-bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(stderr.contains("--source-vertex"), "stderr: {stderr}");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path_edge_length_count_mismatch() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-5,4-5,1-4",
            "--edge-lengths",
            "2,4,3,1,5,4,2",
            "--edge-weights",
            "5,1,2,3,2,3,1,1",
            "--source-vertex",
            "0",
            "--target-vertex",
            "5",
            "--weight-bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Expected 8 edge length values but got 7"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path_no_flags_shows_vector_hints() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "should exit non-zero when showing help"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--edge-lengths"),
        "expected '--edge-lengths' in help output, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.match_indices("comma-separated: 1,2,3").count() >= 2,
        "expected vector hints for edge lengths and weights, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.match_indices("numeric value: 10").count() >= 1,
        "expected numeric hint for weight bound, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path_rejects_out_of_bounds_source_vertex() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-5,4-5,1-4",
            "--edge-lengths",
            "2,4,3,1,5,4,2,6",
            "--edge-weights",
            "5,1,2,3,2,3,1,1",
            "--source-vertex",
            "9",
            "--target-vertex",
            "5",
            "--weight-bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("source_vertex 9 out of bounds"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "out-of-bounds input should produce a normal CLI error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path_requires_edge_lengths() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-5,4-5,1-4",
            "--edge-weights",
            "5,1,2,3,2,3,1,1",
            "--source-vertex",
            "0",
            "--target-vertex",
            "5",
            "--weight-bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("ShortestWeightConstrainedPath requires --edge-lengths"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path_rejects_weights_flag_typo() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-5,4-5,1-4",
            "--edge-lengths",
            "2,4,3,1,5,4,2,6",
            "--weights",
            "5,1,2,3,2,3,1,1",
            "--source-vertex",
            "0",
            "--target-vertex",
            "5",
            "--weight-bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("uses --edge-weights, not --weights"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_shortest_weight_constrained_path_rejects_non_positive_edge_lengths() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,0-2,1-3,2-3,2-4,3-5,4-5,1-4",
            "--edge-lengths=-2,4,3,1,5,4,2,6",
            "--edge-weights",
            "5,1,2,3,2,3,1,1",
            "--source-vertex",
            "0",
            "--target-vertex",
            "5",
            "--weight-bound",
            "8",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("All edge lengths must be positive (> 0)"),
        "stderr: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_show_shortest_weight_constrained_path_uses_weight_schema_type_names() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["show", "ShortestWeightConstrainedPath"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("edge_lengths (Vec<W>)"),
        "expected Vec<W> schema type for edge_lengths, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("edge_weights (Vec<W>)"),
        "expected Vec<W> schema type for edge_weights, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("weight_bound (W::Sum)"),
        "expected W::Sum schema type for weight_bound, got: {stdout}"
    );
}

// ---- Show JSON includes default annotation ----

#[test]
fn test_show_json_has_default_field() {
    let output = pred().args(["show", "MIS", "--json"]).output().unwrap();
    assert!(output.status.success());
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    // Bare MIS resolves to default variant
    assert_eq!(
        json["default"], true,
        "bare MIS should be the default variant"
    );
    assert!(json["variant"].is_object(), "should have variant object");
}

// ---- path --all directory output includes manifest ----

#[test]
fn test_path_all_save_manifest() {
    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_all_paths_manifest");
    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "path",
            "MaxCut",
            "QUBO",
            "--all",
            "-o",
            dir.to_str().unwrap(),
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    assert!(dir.is_dir());

    let manifest_file = dir.join("manifest.json");
    assert!(manifest_file.exists(), "manifest.json should be created");
    let manifest_content = std::fs::read_to_string(&manifest_file).unwrap();
    let manifest: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&manifest_content).unwrap();
    assert!(manifest["paths"].is_number());
    assert!(manifest["max_paths"].is_number());
    assert!(manifest["truncated"].is_boolean());

    std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_nonunit_weights_require_weighted_variant() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "3,1,2,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "non-unit weights should require /i32"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8(output.stderr).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("Use the weighted variant instead"),
        "stderr should point to the explicit weighted variant: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("MaximumIndependentSet/SimpleGraph/i32"),
        "stderr should include the exact weighted variant: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_unit_weights_stays_one() {
    // When all weights are 1, the variant should remain One.
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "1,1,1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "One");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_weighted_mis_round_trips_into_solve() {
    // The explicit weighted MIS variant should be solvable end-to-end.
    let create_output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MIS/i32",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--weights",
            "3,1,2,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_output.status.success());

    let solve_output = pred()
        .args(["solve", "-", "--solver", "brute-force"])
        .stdin(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(std::process::Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .and_then(|mut child| {
            use std::io::Write;
            child
                .stdin
                .take()
                .unwrap()
                .write_all(&create_output.stdout)
                .unwrap();
            child.wait_with_output()
        })
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        solve_output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve_output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(solve_output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["evaluation"], "Max(5)");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minimum_multiway_cut() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_minimum_multiway_cut.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MinimumMultiwayCut",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2,2-3",
            "--terminals",
            "0,2",
            "--edge-weights",
            "1,1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinimumMultiwayCut");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["terminals"], serde_json::json!([0, 2]));
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["edge_weights"], serde_json::json!([1, 1, 1]));
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_within_intervals() {
    let output_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_sequencing_within_intervals.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SequencingWithinIntervals",
            "--release-times",
            "0,0,0,0,5",
            "--deadlines",
            "11,11,11,11,6",
            "--lengths",
            "3,1,2,4,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SequencingWithinIntervals");
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["release_times"],
        serde_json::json!([0, 0, 0, 0, 5])
    );
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["deadlines"],
        serde_json::json!([11, 11, 11, 11, 6])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["lengths"], serde_json::json!([3, 1, 2, 4, 1]));
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_ensemble_computation() {
    let output_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_ensemble_computation.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "EnsembleComputation",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--sets",
            "0,1,2;0,1,3",
            "--budget",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "EnsembleComputation");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["universe_size"], 4);
    assert_eq!(
        json["data"]["subsets"],
        serde_json::json!([[0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 3]])
    );
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["budget"], 4);
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_ensemble_computation_no_flags_uses_cli_flag_names() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "EnsembleComputation"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "problem-specific help should exit non-zero"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--universe-size"),
        "expected --universe-size in help, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--subsets"),
        "expected --subsets in help, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--budget"),
        "expected --budget in help, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("--universe "),
        "help should use canonical CLI flags, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_ensemble_computation_rejects_out_of_range_elements_without_panicking() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "EnsembleComputation",
            "--universe",
            "4",
            "--sets",
            "0,1,5",
            "--budget",
            "4",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "expected graceful CLI error, got panic: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("outside universe") || stderr.contains("universe of size"),
        "expected out-of-range subset error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_scheduling_with_individual_deadlines_with_m_alias() {
    let output_file =
        std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_create_scheduling_with_individual_deadlines.json");
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            output_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines",
            "--n",
            "7",
            "--deadlines",
            "2,1,2,2,3,3,2",
            "--m",
            "3",
            "--precedence-pairs",
            "0>3,1>3,1>4,2>4,2>5",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let content = std::fs::read_to_string(&output_file).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&content).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["num_processors"], 3);
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["num_tasks"], 7);
    std::fs::remove_file(&output_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_create_scheduling_with_individual_deadlines_help_mentions_m_alias() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        !output.status.success(),
        "problem-specific help should exit non-zero"
    );
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("--num-processors/--m"),
        "expected alias in problem-specific help, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_scheduling_with_individual_deadlines_rejects_conflicting_processor_flags() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines",
            "--n",
            "3",
            "--deadlines",
            "1,1,2",
            "--num-processors",
            "3",
            "--m",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("conflicting processor counts"),
        "expected conflict error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_multiprocessor_scheduling() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MultiprocessorScheduling"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MultiprocessorScheduling");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_consistency_of_database_frequency_tables() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "--example",
            "ConsistencyOfDatabaseFrequencyTables",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "ConsistencyOfDatabaseFrequencyTables");
    assert_eq!(json["data"]["num_objects"], 6);
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_minimum_multiway_cut() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "MinimumMultiwayCut"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "MinimumMultiwayCut");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["graph"], "SimpleGraph");
    assert_eq!(json["variant"]["weight"], "i32");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_sequencing_within_intervals() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "SequencingWithinIntervals"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "SequencingWithinIntervals");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_model_example_ensemble_computation() {
    let output = pred()
        .args(["create", "--example", "EnsembleComputation"])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "stderr: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    assert_eq!(json["type"], "EnsembleComputation");
}

#[test]
fn test_create_minimum_multiway_cut_rejects_single_terminal() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "MinimumMultiwayCut",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
            "--edge-weights",
            "1,1",
            "--terminals",
            "0",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("terminal") || stderr.contains("Terminal"),
        "expected terminal-related error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_within_intervals_rejects_empty_window() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingWithinIntervals",
            "--release-times",
            "5",
            "--deadlines",
            "3",
            "--lengths",
            "2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "expected graceful CLI error, got panic: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("time window is empty"),
        "expected empty-window validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_within_intervals_rejects_mismatched_lengths() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingWithinIntervals",
            "--release-times",
            "0,1",
            "--deadlines",
            "2",
            "--lengths",
            "1,1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "expected graceful CLI error, got panic: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("must have the same length"),
        "expected length validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_create_sequencing_within_intervals_rejects_overflow() {
    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "create",
            "SequencingWithinIntervals",
            "--release-times",
            "18446744073709551615",
            "--deadlines",
            "18446744073709551615",
            "--lengths",
            "1",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "expected graceful CLI error, got panic: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("overflow computing r(i) + l(i)"),
        "expected overflow validation error, got: {stderr}"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_customized_unsupported_problem_shows_hint() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_customized_unsupported.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "customized",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(!output.status.success());
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr);
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("unsupported by customized solver"),
        "expected customized solver hint, got: {stderr}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_customized_minimum_cardinality_key() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_customized_mck.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MinimumCardinalityKey",
            "--num-attributes",
            "4",
            "--dependencies",
            "0>1,2;1,2>3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create failed: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let output = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "customized",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        output.status.success(),
        "solve failed: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr)
    );
    let stdout = String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap();
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("customized"),
        "expected 'customized' in output, got: {stdout}"
    );
    assert!(
        stdout.contains("Min("),
        "expected Min(...) evaluation, got: {stdout}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_solve_customized_bundle_does_not_panic() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_customized_bundle_problem.json");
    let bundle_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_solve_customized_bundle.json");

    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MIS",
            "--graph",
            "0-1,1-2",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(create_out.status.success());

    let reduce_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "reduce",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--to",
            "QUBO",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        reduce_out.status.success(),
        "reduce failed: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&reduce_out.stderr)
    );

    let solve_out = pred()
        .args([
            "solve",
            bundle_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "--solver",
            "customized",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    let stderr = String::from_utf8_lossy(&solve_out.stderr);
    assert!(
        !stderr.contains("panicked at"),
        "customized bundle solve should fail gracefully, got: {stderr}"
    );
    assert!(
        !solve_out.status.success(),
        "customized solver should not silently succeed on unsupported bundle target"
    );
    assert!(
        stderr.contains("unsupported by customized solver"),
        "expected customized solver error, got: {stderr}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
    std::fs::remove_file(&bundle_file).ok();
}

#[test]
fn test_inspect_minimum_cardinality_key_lists_customized_solver() {
    let problem_file = std::env::temp_dir().join("pred_test_inspect_customized_mck.json");
    let create_out = pred()
        .args([
            "-o",
            problem_file.to_str().unwrap(),
            "create",
            "MinimumCardinalityKey",
            "--num-attributes",
            "4",
            "--dependencies",
            "0>1,2;1,2>3",
        ])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        create_out.status.success(),
        "create failed: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&create_out.stderr)
    );

    let inspect_out = pred()
        .args(["inspect", problem_file.to_str().unwrap()])
        .output()
        .unwrap();
    assert!(
        inspect_out.status.success(),
        "inspect failed: {}",
        String::from_utf8_lossy(&inspect_out.stderr)
    );

    let stdout = String::from_utf8(inspect_out.stdout).unwrap();
    let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(&stdout).unwrap();
    let solvers: Vec<&str> = json["solvers"]
        .as_array()
        .unwrap()
        .iter()
        .map(|value| value.as_str().unwrap())
        .collect();
    assert!(
        solvers.contains(&"customized"),
        "inspect should list customized when supported, got: {json}"
    );

    std::fs::remove_file(&problem_file).ok();
}