Fix #503: [Model] SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines (#678)

* Add plan for #503: [Model] SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines

* Implement #503: [Model] SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines

* chore: remove plan file after implementation

* chore: minimize example fixture updates for #503

* chore: tighten scheduling CLI contract for #503

* fix: address review feedback for PR #678

* Fix formatting after merge with main

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

* Revert unrelated changes: README.md and pred inspect docs

Reverts the README.md build instruction change and the pred inspect
output format change in cli.md, which are outside the scope of this
model PR.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Xiwei Pan <xiwei.pan@connect.hkust-gz.edu.cn>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: 3 people

docs/paper/reductions.typ

@@ -131,9 +131,10 @@
   "PartitionIntoTriangles": [Partition Into Triangles],
   "PrimeAttributeName": [Prime Attribute Name],
   "FlowShopScheduling": [Flow Shop Scheduling],
-  "StaffScheduling": [Staff Scheduling],
   "MultiprocessorScheduling": [Multiprocessor Scheduling],
   "PrecedenceConstrainedScheduling": [Precedence Constrained Scheduling],
+  "SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines": [Scheduling With Individual Deadlines],
+  "StaffScheduling": [Staff Scheduling],
   "MinimumTardinessSequencing": [Minimum Tardiness Sequencing],
   "SequencingToMinimizeWeightedTardiness": [Sequencing to Minimize Weighted Tardiness],
   "SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost": [Sequencing to Minimize Maximum Cumulative Cost],
@@ -3408,6 +3409,82 @@ A classical NP-complete problem from Garey and Johnson @garey1979[Ch.~3, p.~76],
   ]
 }
 
+#{
+  let x = load-model-example("SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines")
+  let ntasks = x.instance.num_tasks
+  let nproc = x.instance.num_processors
+  let deadlines = x.instance.deadlines
+  let precs = x.instance.precedences
+  let sample = x.samples.at(0)
+  let start = sample.config
+  let horizon = deadlines.fold(0, (acc, d) => if d > acc { d } else { acc })
+  let slot-groups = range(horizon).map(slot => range(ntasks).filter(t => start.at(t) == slot))
+  let tight-tasks = range(ntasks).filter(t => start.at(t) + 1 == deadlines.at(t))
+  let start-label = start.map(v => str(v)).join(", ")
+  let deadline-pairs = deadlines.enumerate().map(((t, d)) => [$d(t_#(t + 1)) = #d$])
+  let slot-summaries = slot-groups.enumerate().map(((slot, tasks)) => [slot #slot: #tasks.map(task => $t_#(task + 1)$).join(", ")])
+  let tight-task-labels = tight-tasks.map(task => $t_#(task + 1)$)
+  [
+    #problem-def("SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines")[
+      Given a set $T$ of $n$ unit-length tasks, a number $m in ZZ^+$ of identical processors, a deadline function $d: T -> ZZ^+$, and a partial order $prec.eq$ on $T$, determine whether there exists a schedule $sigma: T -> {0, 1, dots, D - 1}$, where $D = max_(t in T) d(t)$, such that every task meets its own deadline ($sigma(t) + 1 <= d(t)$), every precedence constraint is respected (if $t_i prec.eq t_j$ then $sigma(t_i) + 1 <= sigma(t_j)$), and at most $m$ tasks are scheduled in each time slot.
+    ][
+      Scheduling With Individual Deadlines is the parallel-machine feasibility problem catalogued as A5 SS11 in Garey & Johnson @garey1979. Garey & Johnson record NP-completeness via reduction from Vertex Cover, and Brucker, Garey, and Johnson sharpen the complexity picture: the problem remains NP-complete for out-tree precedence constraints, but becomes polynomial-time solvable for in-trees @bruckerGareyJohnson1977. The two-processor case is also polynomial-time solvable @garey1979.
+
+      The direct encoding in this library uses one start-time variable per task, with each variable ranging over its allowable deadline window. If $D = max_t d(t)$, exhaustive search over that encoding yields an $O^*(D^n)$ brute-force bound.#footnote[This is the worst-case search bound induced by the implementation's configuration space; deadlines can be smaller on individual tasks, so practical instances may enumerate fewer than $D^n$ assignments.]
+
+      *Example.* Consider $n = #ntasks$ tasks on $m = #nproc$ processors with deadlines #{deadline-pairs.join(", ")} and precedence constraints #{precs.map(p => [$t_#(p.at(0) + 1) prec.eq t_#(p.at(1) + 1)$]).join(", ")}. The sample schedule $sigma = [#start-label]$ assigns #{slot-summaries.join("; ")}. Every slot uses at most #nproc processors, and the tight tasks #{tight-task-labels.join(", ")} finish exactly at their deadlines.
+
+      #figure(
+        canvas(length: 1cm, {
+          import draw: *
+          let colors = (
+            rgb("#4e79a7"),
+            rgb("#e15759"),
+            rgb("#76b7b2"),
+            rgb("#f28e2b"),
+            rgb("#59a14f"),
+            rgb("#edc948"),
+            rgb("#b07aa1"),
+          )
+          let scale = 1.25
+          let row-h = 0.58
+          let gap = 0.18
+
+          for lane in range(nproc) {
+            let y = -lane * (row-h + gap)
+            content((-0.8, y), text(7pt, "P" + str(lane + 1)))
+          }
+
+          for (slot, tasks) in slot-groups.enumerate() {
+            for (lane, task) in tasks.enumerate() {
+              let x0 = slot * scale
+              let x1 = (slot + 1) * scale
+              let y = -lane * (row-h + gap)
+              let color = colors.at(calc.rem(task, colors.len()))
+              rect(
+                (x0, y - row-h / 2),
+                (x1, y + row-h / 2),
+                fill: color.transparentize(30%),
+                stroke: 0.4pt + color,
+              )
+              content(((x0 + x1) / 2, y), text(7pt)[$t_#(task + 1)$])
+            }
+          }
+
+          let y-axis = -(nproc - 1) * (row-h + gap) - row-h / 2 - 0.2
+          line((0, y-axis), (horizon * scale, y-axis), stroke: 0.4pt)
+          for t in range(horizon + 1) {
+            let x = t * scale
+            line((x, y-axis), (x, y-axis - 0.1), stroke: 0.4pt)
+            content((x, y-axis - 0.24), text(6pt, str(t)))
+          }
+          content((horizon * scale / 2, y-axis - 0.46), text(7pt)[time slot])
+        }),
+        caption: [A feasible 3-processor schedule for Scheduling With Individual Deadlines. Tasks sharing a column run in the same unit-length time slot; the sample assignment uses slots $0, 1, 2$ and meets every deadline.],
+      ) <fig:scheduling-with-individual-deadlines>
+    ]
+  ]
+}
 #{
   let x = load-model-example("SequencingWithinIntervals")
   let ntasks = x.instance.lengths.len()

docs/paper/references.bib

@@ -137,6 +137,16 @@ @book{garey1979
   year      = {1979}
 }
 
+@article{bruckerGareyJohnson1977,
+  author  = {Peter Brucker and Michael R. Garey and David S. Johnson},
+  title   = {Scheduling equal-length tasks under tree-like precedence constraints to minimize maximum lateness},
+  journal = {Mathematics of Operations Research},
+  volume  = {2},
+  number  = {3},
+  pages   = {275--284},
+  year    = {1977}
+}
+
 @article{eswarantarjan1976,
   author  = {K. P. Eswaran and Robert E. Tarjan},
   title   = {Augmentation Problems},

docs/src/cli.md

@@ -357,13 +357,18 @@ pred create Factoring --target 21 --bits-m 3 --bits-n 3 -o factoring2.json
 pred create X3C --universe 9 --sets "0,1,2;0,2,4;3,4,5;3,5,7;6,7,8;1,4,6;2,5,8" -o x3c.json
 pred create MinimumCardinalityKey --num-attributes 6 --dependencies "0,1>2;0,2>3;1,3>4;2,4>5" --k 2 -o mck.json
 pred create MinimumTardinessSequencing --n 5 --deadlines 5,5,5,3,3 --precedence-pairs "0>3,1>3,1>4,2>4" -o mts.json
+pred create SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines --n 7 --deadlines 2,1,2,2,3,3,2 --num-processors 3 --precedence-pairs "0>3,1>3,1>4,2>4,2>5" -o swid.json
+pred solve swid.json --solver brute-force
 pred create StringToStringCorrection --source-string "0,1,2,3,1,0" --target-string "0,1,3,2,1" --bound 2 | pred solve - --solver brute-force
 pred create StrongConnectivityAugmentation --arcs "0>1,1>2,2>0,3>4,4>3,2>3,4>5,5>3" --candidate-arcs "3>0:5,3>1:3,3>2:4,4>0:6,4>1:2,4>2:7,5>0:4,5>1:3,5>2:1,0>3:8,0>4:3,0>5:2,1>3:6,1>4:4,1>5:5,2>4:3,2>5:7,1>0:2" --bound 1 -o sca.json
 ```
 
 For `LengthBoundedDisjointPaths`, the CLI flag `--bound` maps to the JSON field
 `max_length`.
 
+For problem-specific create help, run `pred create <PROBLEM>` with no additional flags.
+The generic `pred create --help` output lists all flags across all problem types.
+
 Canonical examples are useful when you want a known-good instance from the paper/example database.
 For model examples, `pred create --example <PROBLEM_SPEC>` emits the canonical instance for that
 graph node.

problemreductions-cli/src/cli.rs

@@ -271,9 +271,10 @@ Flags by problem type:
   FlowShopScheduling              --task-lengths, --deadline [--num-processors]
   StaffScheduling                 --schedules, --requirements, --num-workers, --k
   MinimumTardinessSequencing      --n, --deadlines [--precedence-pairs]
+  RectilinearPictureCompression   --matrix (0/1), --k
+  SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines --n, --num-processors/--m, --deadlines [--precedence-pairs]
   SequencingToMinimizeMaximumCumulativeCost --costs, --bound [--precedence-pairs]
   SequencingToMinimizeWeightedTardiness --sizes, --weights, --deadlines, --bound
-  RectilinearPictureCompression   --matrix (0/1), --k
   SCS                             --strings, --bound [--alphabet-size]
   StringToStringCorrection         --source-string, --target-string, --bound [--alphabet-size]
   D2CIF                           --arcs, --capacities, --source-1, --sink-1, --source-2, --sink-2, --requirement-1, --requirement-2
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ pub struct CreateArgs {
     /// Target value (for Factoring and SubsetSum)
     #[arg(long)]
     pub target: Option<String>,
-    /// Bits for first factor (for Factoring)
+    /// Bits for first factor (for Factoring); also accepted as a processor-count alias for scheduling create commands
     #[arg(long)]
     pub m: Option<usize>,
     /// Bits for second factor (for Factoring)
@@ -516,10 +517,10 @@ pub struct CreateArgs {
     /// Storage costs for MultipleCopyFileAllocation (comma-separated, e.g., "1,1,1,1")
     #[arg(long)]
     pub storage: Option<String>,
-    /// Deadlines for scheduling problems (comma-separated, e.g., "5,5,5,3,3")
+    /// Deadlines for MinimumTardinessSequencing or SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines (comma-separated, e.g., "5,5,5,3,3")
     #[arg(long)]
     pub deadlines: Option<String>,
-    /// Precedence pairs for MinimumTardinessSequencing (e.g., "0>3,1>3,1>4,2>4")
+    /// Precedence pairs for MinimumTardinessSequencing or SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines (e.g., "0>3,1>3,1>4,2>4")
     #[arg(long)]
     pub precedence_pairs: Option<String>,
     /// Resource bounds for ResourceConstrainedScheduling (comma-separated, e.g., "20,15")
@@ -534,7 +535,7 @@ pub struct CreateArgs {
     /// Deadline for FlowShopScheduling, MultiprocessorScheduling, or ResourceConstrainedScheduling
     #[arg(long)]
     pub deadline: Option<u64>,
-    /// Number of processors/machines for FlowShopScheduling, MultiprocessorScheduling, or ResourceConstrainedScheduling
+    /// Number of processors/machines for FlowShopScheduling, MultiprocessorScheduling, ResourceConstrainedScheduling, or SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines
     #[arg(long)]
     pub num_processors: Option<usize>,
     /// Binary schedule patterns for StaffScheduling (semicolon-separated rows, e.g., "1,1,0;0,1,1")
@@ -708,7 +709,38 @@ pub fn print_subcommand_help_hint(error_msg: &str) {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
+    use super::Cli;
     use super::*;
+    use clap::CommandFactory;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_create_help_mentions_scheduling_with_individual_deadlines_shared_flags() {
+        let mut cmd = Cli::command();
+        let create = cmd
+            .find_subcommand_mut("create")
+            .expect("create subcommand");
+        let mut help = Vec::new();
+        create
+            .write_long_help(&mut help)
+            .expect("render create help");
+        let help = String::from_utf8(help).expect("utf8 help");
+
+        assert!(help.contains(
+            "Deadlines for MinimumTardinessSequencing or SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines"
+        ));
+        assert!(help.contains(
+            "Precedence pairs for MinimumTardinessSequencing or SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines"
+        ));
+        assert!(
+            help.contains(
+                "Number of processors/machines for FlowShopScheduling, MultiprocessorScheduling, ResourceConstrainedScheduling, or SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines"
+            ),
+            "create help should describe --num-processors for both scheduling models"
+        );
+        assert!(help.contains(
+            "SchedulingWithIndividualDeadlines --n, --num-processors/--m, --deadlines [--precedence-pairs]"
+        ));
+    }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_create_parses_biconnectivity_augmentation_flags() {