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173 changes: 173 additions & 0 deletions .agents/skills/migrate-radix-to-base/SKILL.md
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---
name: migrate-radix-to-base
description: Migrates React projects and components from Radix UI to Base UI. Use when asked to migrate from radix, move to base-ui, convert radix primitives, or switch a shadcn project's base library. Handles single components ("migrate accordion") and whole projects.
---

# Radix UI -> Base UI migration

You migrate shadcn wrappers, hand-rolled radix compositions, and their
consumers to `@base-ui/react`, keeping the project buildable at every step.
Be precise; never guess a mapping. When a prop or part is not in these
reference files, check `node_modules/@base-ui/react/**/*.d.ts` before
transforming, and record gaps in the report.

## Preflight (always)

1. `npx shadcn@latest info --json` (or the project's runner): gives the
current base, STYLE (e.g. `radix-lyra`), tailwind version, aliases,
installed components, and package manager. Trust it over inference.
2. Detect the package manager (packageManager field / lockfile:
pnpm-lock.yaml, bun.lock, yarn.lock, package-lock.json) and use IT for
every install. Never leave a stale lockfile.
3. Require a clean git tree; work on a branch; one commit per component.
4. Baseline check BEFORE touching dependencies: run the project's
typecheck/build so pre-existing failures are never attributed to you.
5. Install `@base-ui/react` alongside radix. Radix packages are removed only
after the LAST component is migrated (both coexist fine).

## Strategy: golden pair first, transformation engine second

- **Golden pair via the CLI (preferred).** If the project is shadcn with a
known style (`radix-<style>`), the shadcn CLI itself is the golden-pair
executor:
1. Classify each ui wrapper FIRST: diff the user's file against its stock
origin, using the components.json style VERBATIM in the URL
(`https://ui.shadcn.com/r/styles/<style>/<component>.json`,
files[0].content). This works for prefixed styles (radix-nova) AND
legacy unprefixed ones (new-york, new-york-v4, default), which are all
still served.
2. WHOLE-PROJECT mode: flip `components.json` style `radix-<style>` ->
`base-<style>` now. PROGRESSIVE mode: do NOT flip yet (the project is
still mostly radix; the flip happens once, after the last component);
fetch base variants directly by URL instead
(`https://ui.shadcn.com/r/styles/base-<style>/<component>.json`).
3. PRISTINE wrappers, whole-project mode: `shadcn add <component>
--overwrite` delivers the base variant with the project's exact
icon/font/preset resolution. Never bulk `--all --overwrite`; go
component by component, or you drown in unrelated registry version
drift. PROGRESSIVE mode: never use `--overwrite` (it destroys the
original that consumers still import); write the fetched base variant
content to `<component>-base.tsx` instead.
4. CUSTOMIZED wrappers: fetch the base variant and replay the user's diff
onto it (their customizations must SURVIVE; `--overwrite` would destroy
them). Mechanical implementation that works at scale:
`git merge-file user.tsx radix-golden.tsx base-golden.tsx` (three-way
merge, radix golden as ancestor) auto-resolves most files; hand-resolve
conflicts with the reference tables.
5. MANDATORY leftover sweep on EVERY golden-pair file, including ones that
merged "clean": `grep -n "radix-ui\|@radix-ui\|IconPlaceholder"` per
file. The registry sometimes reorders functions between variants, which
makes three-way merges report zero conflicts while leaving stale radix
hunks in place. A clean merge is NOT proof of a clean file.
This is more reliable than reconstructing transforms; use it whenever the
pair exists. Consumer/app code has no CLI mechanism: always hand-migrate it
against `consumer-props.md`.
- **Legacy styles (new-york, new-york-v4, default): classification only, no
replay.** These have no base counterpart (there is no base-new-york), and
retargeting onto a base-<style> variant would restyle the user's app. Use
the radix golden ONLY to detect customizations, then run the transformation
engine on the user's OWN file: rewire primitives, keep their exact classes,
apply class-mapping renames. Their look stays theirs. At the end of a
legacy whole-project migration, FLAG (do not fix): the style name still
reads as radix to the CLI, so future `shadcn add` will deliver radix
variants; the user decides whether to switch style or add manually.
- **Transformation engine (fallback).** Hand-rolled radix code, non-shadcn
projects, unknown styles: transform using `universal-patterns.md` (imports
in BOTH forms: `radix-ui` and `@radix-ui/react-*`; asChild->render with the
worked example; Portal>Positioner>Popup; the positioner FORWARD rule; part
renames), the per-family props tables (`overlays.md`, `menus.md`,
`form-controls.md`, `disclosure.md`, `display-misc.md`), `class-mapping.md`
for data-attribute/CSS-var rewrites, and `wrapper-shapes.md` for exact
target shapes (tooltip arrow, SubContent defaults, select anatomy).

## Modes

**Progressive (default).** "Migrate accordion" = one component, strangler-fig:
1. Detect in-progress state first: an existing `<component>-base.tsx`,
consumers split between old/new imports. The files ARE the state; resume,
never restart.
2. If the component imports other ui wrappers still on radix (select ->
button), STOP and recommend migrating those first, bottom-up.
3. Write the migrated version to `<component>-base.tsx` (original untouched;
golden-pair content fetched by URL, or transformed by hand, per the
strategy above); typecheck. Repoint consumers ONE AT A TIME (imports + the
call-site props in `consumer-props.md`); typecheck each. When no consumer
imports the original: delete it, rename `-base` -> original, flip imports
back, final check, commit. When the LAST radix wrapper in the project is
finalized, flip `components.json` to `base-<style>` and remove radix deps.

**Whole project** (only when explicitly asked): same per-component work in
dependency order (leaf/shared wrappers like button and label first). After
wrappers, sweep ALL app code against `consumer-props.md` — the call-site
break surface is much larger than asChild. Then remove radix deps, install,
full build.

## Hard rules

- NEVER touch non-radix libraries or their wrappers: cmdk (command), vaul
(drawer), sonner, input-otp, react-day-picker (calendar), recharts (chart).
Report them as intentionally untouched.
- No Base UI counterpart: AspectRatio -> CSS aspect-ratio div; Label ->
native `<label>`; VisuallyHidden -> `sr-only`; Direction -> Direction
Provider (`direction` prop, not `dir`). Popover Anchor and NavigationMenu
Indicator have no equivalent: inert passthrough + flag.
- `button.tsx` migrates to the REAL `@base-ui/react/button` primitive, never
a hand-rolled useRender wrapper.
- Behavior deltas are FLAGGED, never silently patched (tabs manual
activation, menu items not closing on click, nav-menu 50ms delay). The
target is idiomatic Base UI matching the shadcn base registry.
- Honest reporting: skipped/reverted files are listed as flagged, never as
migrated. Pre-existing failures are named as pre-existing.

## Verify and report

Typecheck per file, build per batch, full build at the end vs the baseline.

Reports live in a `.migration/` directory at the project root, ONE FILE PER
COMPONENT: `.migration/<component>.md` (e.g. `.migration/accordion.md`).
Rules:
- Each run writes (or fully overwrites) the file for each component it
migrated. Re-running a component replaces its report; never touch other
components' files.
- A multi-component run ("migrate alert-dialog and dropdown-menu") writes one
file per component, each self-contained; shared consumer-sweep notes are
repeated in every affected file.
- Whole-project mode writes the per-component files plus
`.migration/project.md` (dependency swap, app-code sweep summary, final
build result).
- There is NO index file. Migration status is derived from disk, not
maintained: scan the project's ui directory (the `ui` alias from shadcn
info, e.g. components/ui or src/components/ui) for remaining radix imports
when asked "what's left". End every run's summary with that derived count
("N wrappers remain on Radix").

Each `.migration/<component>.md` uses EXACTLY this structure (it is
documented publicly; reports must match it):

```md
# <component>

<date, strategy used (golden pair via CLI / merge / engine), one-line verdict>

## Changed

<every file touched, with what changed and why; include file:line for
anything notable. Confirm the leftover scan is clean:
grep -n "radix-ui\|@radix-ui" on this component's files>

## Left alone

<files that look related but were intentionally not touched, with the reason
(cmdk/vaul/sonner are not radix; unrelated drift; etc.)>

## Behavior changes

<differences that compile fine but act differently; flagged, never patched
(tabs activation, menu close-on-click, delays...). Empty section if none>

## Verify by hand

<short manual QA checklist for this primitive family: focus return on
dialogs, keyboard nav + typeahead on menus/select, tooltip delay feel,
slider commit events. Concrete steps, one minute of clicking>
```
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# Class-string rewrites (layer 2)

Apply these across ALL class strings (className, cva definitions, cn calls),
including app code. They are safe, mechanical rewrites.

## Data-attribute selectors

| Radix pattern | Base UI pattern |
|---|---|
| `data-[state=open]:` | `data-open:` |
| `data-[state=closed]:` | `data-closed:` |
| `data-[state=checked]:` | `data-checked:` |
| `data-[state=unchecked]:` | `data-unchecked:` |
| `data-[state=active]:` (tabs) | `data-active:` |
| `data-[state=on]:` (toggle) | `data-pressed:` |
| `data-[highlighted]:` | `data-highlighted:` (unchanged) |
| `data-[disabled]:` | `data-disabled:` (unchanged) |
| `data-[side=...]:` | `data-[side=...]:` (unchanged, still parameterized) |
| `group-data-[state=open]` / `peer-data-[state=open]` | `group-data-open` / `peer-data-open` |
| submenu trigger open marker `data-[state=open]:` | `data-popup-open:` |

## Animation idiom

Radix (tw-animate/keyframes):
`data-[state=open]:animate-in data-[state=open]:fade-in-0 data-[state=closed]:animate-out data-[state=closed]:fade-out-0`

Base UI (transition + starting/ending styles):
`transition-[opacity,transform] data-starting-style:opacity-0 data-ending-style:opacity-0` (plus translate/scale equivalents).

Do not translate animate-in/out utilities 1:1; restate the intent with
`data-starting-style:` / `data-ending-style:` transitions. When the original
uses per-side slide classes, keep the `data-[side=...]` or
`data-[swipe-direction=...]` parameterization.

## CSS variables

| Radix var | Base UI var |
|---|---|
| `--radix-<comp>-content-transform-origin` | `--transform-origin` |
| `--radix-<comp>-content-available-height` | `--available-height` |
| `--radix-<comp>-content-available-width` | `--available-width` |
| `--radix-<comp>-trigger-width` | `--anchor-width` |
| `--radix-<comp>-trigger-height` | `--anchor-height` |
| `--radix-accordion-content-height` | `--accordion-panel-height` |
| `--radix-collapsible-content-height` | `--collapsible-panel-height` |
| `--radix-navigation-menu-viewport-height/width` | `--positioner-height` / `--positioner-width` |

## Element changes kill pseudo-class variants

When a part's rendered element changes from a form control to a generic
element (checkbox/switch/radio Roots render `<span>` in Base UI), `disabled:`
and `:disabled` Tailwind variants become dead code. Replace them with
`data-disabled:` equivalents. (Note: the shadcn base registry's checkbox
still carries the dead `disabled:*` classes; treat that as an upstream quirk,
not a pattern to copy.)

## Disabled-state hooks

Some Base UI triggers surface disabled state as `aria-disabled` rather than
the `disabled` attribute (accordion trigger, tabs tab). Where the radix code
used `disabled:opacity-50`, add or substitute `aria-disabled:opacity-50`
according to the wrapper's reference file.
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# Consumer-side prop changes (call sites, not wrappers)

The shadcn wrapper NAMES survive a radix -> base-ui migration, but these props
change or disappear at CALL SITES in app code. Sweep every consumer for this
list after migrating the wrappers. All entries verified against
@base-ui/react@1.6.0 type definitions during real migrations; when in doubt,
check node_modules/@base-ui/react/**/*.d.ts, never guess.

## Universal

| Radix | Base UI | Call-site action |
|---|---|---|
| `asChild` (any wrapper) | `render` prop | `<Trigger asChild><Button/></Trigger>` -> `<Trigger render={<Button/>}>...` |

## Per component

| Component | Radix prop | Base UI fate | Call-site action |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accordion | `type="single"\|"multiple"` + `collapsible` | dropped; `value`/`defaultValue` are ALWAYS arrays; multiple-open via `multiple` | `type="single" collapsible` -> remove both; wrap values in arrays; `type="multiple"` -> `multiple` |
| Tabs | `activationMode="manual"` | dropped; Base UI defaults to MANUAL activation | remove prop; near-equivalent opt-in is `Tabs.List activateOnFocus` (behavior delta: flag, do not auto-add) |
| Select | `position="popper"\|"item-aligned"` | `alignItemWithTrigger` boolean (on Positioner; wrappers expose it) | `position="popper"` -> `alignItemWithTrigger={false}`; `item-aligned` -> `alignItemWithTrigger` (default) |
| TooltipProvider | `delayDuration`, `skipDelayDuration` | `delay`; skip-delay concept dropped | rename / remove |
| Tooltip | `disableHoverableContent` | NO equivalent | remove; FLAG the behavior change in the report |
| Avatar.Image | `delayMs` | `delay` | rename |
| ScrollArea | `type="always"\|"scroll"\|...` | dropped | remove |
| Separator | `decorative` | dropped | remove |
| Checkbox | `checked="indeterminate"` | `indeterminate` is a SEPARATE boolean prop | `checked="indeterminate"` -> `indeterminate` + boolean `checked` |
| Slider | `onValueChange(value)` | signature gains event details; also `inverted` REMOVED | check handler arity; remove `inverted` (flag vertical-inverted usage) |
| Select | `onValueChange(value: string)` | widens to `(value: Value \| null, eventDetails)` | `useState<string>` + `onValueChange={setState}` breaks: widen state to `string \| null` or wrap the setter |
| Slider | `onValueCommit` | `onValueCommitted` | rename |
| ToggleGroup | `type="single"\|"multiple"` | `multiple` boolean; value shape arrays | same treatment as Accordion |
| ToggleGroup / Toolbar | `rovingFocus={false}` | dropped (roving focus always on); `loop` -> `loopFocus` | remove / rename |
| Menubar | `value`/`onValueChange` (active menu) | dropped; control per Menu.Root `open` | restructure if used; usually unused |
| Menubar | `loop` | `loopFocus` | rename |
| ContextMenu.Root | `modal` | REMOVED | remove |
| ContextMenu.Trigger | `disabled` | REMOVED | remove; gate the trigger yourself |
| DropdownMenu/ContextMenu items | (Radix closed menu on select) | `closeOnClick` defaults FALSE on CheckboxItem/RadioItem | behavior delta: flag; add `closeOnClick` only if the user asks |
| NavigationMenu | `delayDuration`(200), `skipDelayDuration`, `viewport` | `delay`(50) + `closeDelay`; viewport prop gone (Positioner handles it) | rename/remove; flag the 200->50 hover-delay feel change |
| Popover / HoverCard | `openDelay`/`closeDelay` on Root | move to TRIGGER as `delay`/`closeDelay` | relocate props Root -> Trigger |
| Dialog / AlertDialog | `onOpenAutoFocus` | `initialFocus` (element/ref-based, not event-based) | restructure: pass target instead of preventDefault handler |
| Dialog / AlertDialog | `onCloseAutoFocus` | `finalFocus` | same restructure |
| Dialog family | `onEscapeKeyDown`, `onPointerDownOutside`, `onInteractOutside` | consolidated; see the overlays reference for exact per-part signatures | consult overlays.md; do not guess |
| DirectionProvider | `dir` | `direction` | rename |

## Callback signature rule

Base UI callbacks commonly gain an event-details argument:
`onOpenChange(open, eventDetails)`, `onValueChange(value, eventDetails)`.
Passing an existing single-arg handler stays type-safe; handlers that USED
Radix's event parameter need review against the family reference file.

## Sweep procedure

1. grep app code (outside components/ui) for each LHS token above plus
`asChild`.
2. Fix call sites file by file; typecheck after each file.
3. Anything on this list marked FLAG goes into the migration report as a
behavior delta, never silently patched.
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