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dyvil v0.31.0

Number Literals

As with comments, Dyvil also mostly inherits the syntax for number literals from Java.

Integers

Integer literals are the most basic type of number literals. There are four types for different bases available, all of which are indicated with different prefixes.

Prefix Base Digit Range (inclusive) Examples
none 10 0 - 9 123, 1000, 007
0b 2 0 - 1 0b1001, 0b0011
0o 8 0 - 7 0o777, 0o0123
0x 16 0 - F 0x123, 0xABCDEF, 0xDEADBEEF
  • All sorts can have as many leading zeros (after the prefix) as necessary.
  • Leading minus signs - are not part of the tokens. They are always treated as a separate token by the parser.
  • Base-16 digits A - F can also be lowercase a - f.

Integer Literals can only be in the range $$-2^{32}$$ to $$2^{32}-1$$. Otherwise, the compiler or REPL will cause a syntax error. For a greater range of values, Long Literals have to be used.

For integer literals, the primitive type int is inferred.

Longs

Long Literals work much like integer literals. However, they have to be disambiguated by adding a trailing l or L.

10L
10000000000000l
0xFFFFFFFFFFFFL
0b10101001011010110011010110101100110L

Long Literals allow a range of values from $$-2^{64}$$ to $$2^{64}-1$$.

Integer and Long Literals may have an arbitrary number of underscores _ in between digits, to increase readability.

1_000_000
0xFF_AA_BB_EE

Floating-Point Literals

Floating Point Literals can be used to express numbers with decimal places. Unlike Integer Literals, they are only available as base-10 and base-16 literals.

10.5
123.456
0.125
1.0
0x1A.3F // base-16

It is also possible to add an exponent to floating point literals:

1.5e4 -> 1500.0
0.3e-2 -> 0.003
0.4e10 -> 4000000000.0

Valid Floating-Point Literals cannot start or end with a period symbol .. Thus, the following expressions are illegal in Dyvil:

.25
.50
.123456
1.

Without a F or D postfix to explicitly declare it, the type of floating point literals will be inferred as double. However, it is recommended to always add the postfix characters for clarity.

Float Literals

Float Literals can be created by suffixing a normal Floating-Point Literal with an f or F. This will treat the literal as a float value and will infer that type for the literal.

2F
1.5F
0.3f
2.5e4f

Double Literals

Double Literals are Floating-Point-Literals suffixed with a d or D character. Their type will then be inferred to double.

10D
1.000001d
2e-3D
4.5e12d