[14] upgrade to 3.12

[voj]

closes #14
closes #9

• upgrade to 3.12
• upgrade of a minimal set of dependencies to satisfy Python 3.12 requirement
• only use a single Python version for dependencies and testing because we only deploy for a single version
• Docker file: combining the RUN statements and calling cleanup code reduces the image size from 2.38 GB to 1.75 GB
• fix tests
• make use of shared deployment workflow

Smoketest result:

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 90.62%. Comparing base (4518676) to head (1882929).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on deploy-test.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##           deploy-test      #16   +/-   ##
============================================
  Coverage        90.62%   90.62%           
============================================
  Files               14       14           
  Lines              480      480           
  Branches            33       33           
============================================
  Hits               435      435           
  Misses              38       38           
  Partials             7        7           

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	90.62% <ø> (ø)

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