Advanced_Users.mw

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Advanced Users
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What is an advanced user?
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= Skills =
This list is non-exhaustive.

* <u>Download and save files:</u> Save files to a specific folder and later locate them again.
* <u>Find files:</u> Search for files and folders using the file manager and the command line.
* <u>Make a file executable:</u> Set execute permissions and understand when this is appropriate.
* <u>Manage long running commands:</u> Start a long running command and stop it by killing the process from the command line.
* <u>Check processes as a user:</u> Determine whether a process is running as the current user.
* <u>Check processes as root:</u> Determine whether a process is running with root privileges.
* <u>Open files with root rights:</u> Edit system files safely with elevated permissions when required.
* <u>Open folders with root rights:</u> Browse and modify protected directories using elevated permissions when required.
* <u>Understand the user home folder:</u> Know where user configuration and data are stored and how permissions apply.
* <u>Understand the root home folder:</u> Know where root configuration and data are stored and how permissions differ from user accounts.
* <u>Copy logs:</u> Copy relevant <code>journalctl</code> output for troubleshooting and support requests.
* <u>Use systemd service status:</u> Interpret <code>systemctl status</code> output and identify common failure causes.
* <u>Edit boot parameters:</u> Edit boot parameters in the <code>grub</code> boot menu for one-time troubleshooting.
* <u>Mount disk images:</u> Mount a virtual hard drive file on the host operating system to inspect or recover data.
* <u>Use a serial console:</u> Connect to and use a serial console for debugging and recovery.
* <u>Use OpenPGP Web of Trust:</u> Understand trust models, key signing, and basic verification workflows.
* <u>Understand Linux file permissions:</u> Interpret and set permissions and ownership, including the effect of groups.

* <u>Use sudo safely:</u> Understand when <code>sudo</code> is required and avoid running unnecessary commands as root.
* <u>Interpret exit codes:</u> Recognize common non-zero exit codes and use them to troubleshoot failures.
* <u>Redirect and pipe output:</u> Use <code>&gt;</code>, <code>&gt;&gt;</code>, and pipes to capture, append, and filter command output.
* <u>Search text output:</u> Use tools such as <code>grep</code> to find relevant lines in logs and command output.
* <u>Inspect disk usage:</u> Identify large files and folders and understand free space vs used space reporting.
* <u>Verify file integrity:</u> Check hashes (for example SHA256) to verify downloads and detect corruption.
* <u>Extract archives:</u> Work with common archive formats and preserve permissions when extracting.
* <u>Understand networking basics:</u> Inspect IP addresses, routes, and DNS configuration for troubleshooting.
* <u>Test connectivity:</u> Diagnose network issues using basic tools and interpret common failure modes.
* <u>Understand firewall basics:</u> Know how local firewall rules can affect connectivity and services.
* <u>Manage services:</u> Start, stop, restart, enable, and disable services using <code>systemctl</code>.
* <u>Read system logs:</u> Filter and interpret logs by time range, service, and priority.
* <u>Use text editors:</u> Comfortably edit configuration files using a terminal editor.
* <u>Manage packages:</u> Install, remove, and update software packages and understand repositories.
* <u>Handle dependencies:</u> Recognize dependency conflicts and resolve common package management errors.
* <u>Use SSH:</u> Connect to remote systems, copy files securely, and understand basic key handling.
* <u>Manage file ownership:</u> Change ownership and groups and understand how this affects access.
* <u>Understand mounts:</u> Inspect mounted filesystems and troubleshoot mount failures and permission issues.
* <u>Work with block devices:</u> Identify disks and partitions and understand common naming conventions.
* <u>Use loop devices:</u> Attach and detach disk images using loop devices for inspection and recovery.
* <u>Understand system resources:</u> Check CPU, RAM, and I/O usage and identify common bottlenecks.
* <u>Use cron or timers:</u> Schedule tasks and understand the difference between cron jobs and systemd timers.
* <u>Manage environment variables:</u> Inspect and set environment variables for troubleshooting and configuration.
* <u>Understand PATH and executables:</u> Know how commands are located and why scripts may not run as expected.
* <u>Handle permissions errors:</u> Diagnose "permission denied" and "operation not permitted" errors correctly.
* <u>Use virtualization basics:</u> Understand the difference between host and guest and common VM device concepts.
* <u>Backup and restore:</u> Create backups, verify them, and perform a basic restore without data loss.
* <u>Recognize storage failure signs:</u> Identify early warning signs and know when to run diagnostic tools and replace hardware.
* GnuPG
* Sequoia-PGP

== Qubes only ==
* <u>Understand the <code>/rw</code> folder:</u> Know what persists across reboots and what does not.
* <u>Edit startup scripts:</u> Use <code>gsudoedit</code> to edit <code>/rw/config/rc.local</code> safely and understand when it runs.
* <u>Understand TemplateVMs:</u> Know what a TemplateVM is and how updates propagate to AppVMs.
* <u>Understand AppVMs vs StandaloneVMs:</u> Choose the right VM type based on persistence and update needs.
* <u>Use DisposableVMs:</u> Use DisposableVMs for risky activities and understand their lifecycle.
* <u>Understand qubes networking:</u> Know how NetVMs and firewall settings affect connectivity.
* <u>Use Qubes firewall rules:</u> Configure per-VM firewall rules and verify they take effect.
* <u>Manage VM storage:</u> Understand private storage, template root, and how to resize VM volumes safely.
* <u>Troubleshoot qrexec basics:</u> Recognize common qrexec policy issues and where to look for errors.
* <u>Use split GPG:</u> Use split GPG workflows and understand trust boundaries.
* <u>Use split SSH:</u> Use split SSH workflows and understand how agent forwarding is handled.
* <u>Recover from VM issues:</u> Start VMs from the command line and troubleshoot common startup failures.
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