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feat(pygal): implement area-stacked-confidence (#3568)
## Implementation: `area-stacked-confidence` - pygal Implements the **pygal** version of `area-stacked-confidence`. **File:** `plots/area-stacked-confidence/implementations/pygal.py` **Parent Issue:** #3549 --- :robot: *[impl-generate workflow](https://github.com/MarkusNeusinger/pyplots/actions/runs/20866600383)* --------- Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
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""" pyplots.ai
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area-stacked-confidence: Stacked Area Chart with Confidence Bands
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Library: pygal 3.1.0 | Python 3.13.11
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Quality: 62/100 | Created: 2026-01-09
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"""
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import numpy as np
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import pygal
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from pygal.style import Style
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# Data - Quarterly revenue forecasts by product line with 90% confidence intervals
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np.random.seed(42)
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quarters = ["Q1'24", "Q2'24", "Q3'24", "Q4'24", "Q1'25", "Q2'25", "Q3'25", "Q4'25"]
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n_points = len(quarters)
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# Product line A (Core) - steady growth with narrow confidence band
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product_a = np.array([120.0, 125.0, 130.0, 140.0, 145.0, 150.0, 158.0, 165.0])
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uncertainty_a = np.random.uniform(8, 12, n_points)
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# Product line B (Growth) - moderate growth with medium uncertainty
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product_b = np.array([80.0, 85.0, 88.0, 92.0, 95.0, 100.0, 105.0, 110.0])
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uncertainty_b = np.random.uniform(6, 10, n_points)
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# Product line C (New) - new product ramping up with higher uncertainty
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product_c = np.array([30.0, 40.0, 55.0, 70.0, 85.0, 95.0, 105.0, 115.0])
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uncertainty_c = np.random.uniform(12, 18, n_points)
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# Calculate cumulative bounds for y-axis range
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total_upper = product_a + product_b + product_c + uncertainty_a + uncertainty_b + uncertainty_c
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# Style: Alternating lighter bands and darker central values
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# Order: A_lower, A_center, A_upper, B_lower, B_center, B_upper, C_lower, C_center, C_upper
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custom_style = Style(
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background="white",
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plot_background="white",
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foreground="#333333",
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foreground_strong="#222222",
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foreground_subtle="#555555",
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guide_stroke_color="#dddddd",
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colors=(
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"#a8c4d9", # Core lower band (lighter blue)
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"#306998", # Core central (blue)
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"#a8c4d9", # Core upper band (lighter blue)
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"#e8d49c", # Growth lower band (lighter gold)
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"#c99000", # Growth central (gold)
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"#e8d49c", # Growth upper band (lighter gold)
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"#e8a8a3", # New lower band (lighter red)
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"#c0392b", # New central (red)
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"#e8a8a3", # New upper band (lighter red)
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),
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title_font_size=72,
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label_font_size=48,
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major_label_font_size=44,
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legend_font_size=44,
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value_font_size=32,
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opacity=".9",
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opacity_hover=".95",
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font_family="sans-serif",
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)
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# Use StackedLine for proper stacking with visible confidence bands
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chart = pygal.StackedLine(
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width=4800,
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height=2700,
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style=custom_style,
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title="area-stacked-confidence · pygal · pyplots.ai",
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x_title="Quarter",
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y_title="Revenue ($M)",
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fill=True,
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show_dots=False,
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show_x_guides=False,
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show_y_guides=True,
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legend_at_bottom=True,
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legend_box_size=36,
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truncate_legend=-1,
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margin=100,
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spacing=40,
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range=(0, float(total_upper.max() + 30)),
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stroke_style={"width": 2, "dasharray": "0"},
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)
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chart.x_labels = quarters
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# Stack order: for each product, show lower_band, central_value, upper_band
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# This creates visible confidence bands around each stacked area
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# Each band shows the uncertainty range, central shows the forecast
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# Legend shows only 3 entries (use None to hide CI bands from legend)
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chart.add(None, uncertainty_a.tolist()) # Core lower CI band
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chart.add("Core (with 90% CI)", (product_a - uncertainty_a).tolist())
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chart.add(None, uncertainty_a.tolist()) # Core upper CI band
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chart.add(None, uncertainty_b.tolist()) # Growth lower CI band
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chart.add("Growth (with 90% CI)", (product_b - uncertainty_b).tolist())
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chart.add(None, uncertainty_b.tolist()) # Growth upper CI band
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chart.add(None, uncertainty_c.tolist()) # New lower CI band
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chart.add("New (with 90% CI)", (product_c - uncertainty_c).tolist())
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chart.add(None, uncertainty_c.tolist()) # New upper CI band
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# Save outputs
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chart.render_to_png("plot.png")
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chart.render_to_file("plot.html")
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library: pygal
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specification_id: area-stacked-confidence
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created: '2026-01-09T21:56:50Z'
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updated: '2026-01-09T22:24:33Z'
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generated_by: claude-opus-4-5-20251101
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workflow_run: 20866600383
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issue: 3549
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python_version: 3.13.11
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library_version: 3.1.0
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preview_url: https://storage.googleapis.com/pyplots-images/plots/area-stacked-confidence/pygal/plot.png
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preview_thumb: https://storage.googleapis.com/pyplots-images/plots/area-stacked-confidence/pygal/plot_thumb.png
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preview_html: https://storage.googleapis.com/pyplots-images/plots/area-stacked-confidence/pygal/plot.html
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quality_score: 62
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review:
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strengths:
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- Clean code structure following KISS principles with proper seed for reproducibility
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- Appropriate business scenario with realistic revenue forecast data
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- Correct title format and axis labels with units
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- Good color choices that are colorblind-accessible
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weaknesses:
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- Confidence bands are nearly invisible - the core visualization requirement of
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showing uncertainty bands is not met
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- Legend displays 6 entries instead of hiding the CI band series (None parameter
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not working as expected)
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- The stacking approach for simulating bands produces thin lines rather than visible
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uncertainty regions
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image_description: 'The plot displays a stacked line chart with filled areas showing
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quarterly revenue forecasts from Q1''24 to Q4''25. Three product lines are shown:
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Core (blue), Growth (gold/yellow), and New (red/pink). The chart has a white background
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with the title "area-stacked-confidence · pygal · pyplots.ai" at the top. The
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Y-axis shows "Revenue ($M)" ranging from 0 to approximately 400, and the X-axis
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shows "Quarter" with 8 quarterly labels. A legend at the bottom displays 6 entries
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including both central values and CI labels for each series. The areas appear
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stacked but the confidence bands are rendered as extremely thin strips rather
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than visible uncertainty bands around each series. The bottom blue area represents
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the Core product line starting around 120 and growing to about 165. The middle
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gold/yellow area represents Growth, and the top red/pink area represents the New
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product line. The cumulative total reaches approximately 390 by Q4''25.'
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criteria_checklist:
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visual_quality:
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score: 28
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max: 40
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items:
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- id: VQ-01
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name: Text Legibility
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score: 8
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max: 10
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passed: true
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comment: Title, axis labels, and tick marks are readable, though legend text
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is small
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- id: VQ-02
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name: No Overlap
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score: 8
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max: 8
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passed: true
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comment: No overlapping text elements
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- id: VQ-03
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name: Element Visibility
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score: 2
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max: 8
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passed: false
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comment: Confidence bands are nearly invisible; they appear as thin lines
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rather than visible bands showing uncertainty ranges
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- id: VQ-04
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name: Color Accessibility
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score: 5
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max: 5
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passed: true
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comment: Blue, gold, and red/pink colors are distinguishable and colorblind-safe
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- id: VQ-05
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name: Layout Balance
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score: 3
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max: 5
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passed: true
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comment: Good canvas utilization but legend spacing could be improved
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- id: VQ-06
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name: Axis Labels
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score: 2
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max: 2
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passed: true
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comment: 'Descriptive labels with units: Revenue ($M) and Quarter'
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- id: VQ-07
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name: Grid & Legend
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score: 0
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max: 2
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passed: false
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comment: Legend shows 6 entries instead of 3; CI band entries should be hidden
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spec_compliance:
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score: 17
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max: 25
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items:
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- id: SC-01
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name: Plot Type
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score: 5
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max: 8
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passed: false
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comment: Uses StackedLine with fill=True, but confidence bands are not properly
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visualized as bands
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- id: SC-02
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name: Data Mapping
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score: 5
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max: 5
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passed: true
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comment: X-axis shows quarters, Y-axis shows revenue values correctly
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- id: SC-03
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name: Required Features
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score: 2
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max: 5
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passed: false
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comment: Missing visible confidence bands; spec requires uncertainty or confidence
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bands that are clearly visible
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- id: SC-04
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name: Data Range
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score: 3
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max: 3
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passed: true
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comment: Y-axis range accommodates all data properly
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- id: SC-05
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name: Legend Accuracy
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score: 0
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max: 2
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passed: false
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comment: Legend shows too many entries; None values are appearing in legend
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- id: SC-06
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name: Title Format
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score: 2
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max: 2
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passed: true
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comment: 'Correct format: area-stacked-confidence · pygal · pyplots.ai'
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data_quality:
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score: 17
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max: 20
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items:
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- id: DQ-01
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name: Feature Coverage
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score: 6
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max: 8
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passed: true
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comment: Shows three product lines with different growth rates and uncertainty
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levels, but bands not visible
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- id: DQ-02
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name: Realistic Context
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score: 7
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max: 7
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passed: true
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comment: Quarterly revenue forecasts by product line is a realistic business
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scenario
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- id: DQ-03
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name: Appropriate Scale
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score: 4
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max: 5
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passed: true
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comment: Revenue values ($30M-$165M per product) are plausible for quarterly
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forecasts
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code_quality:
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score: 10
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max: 10
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items:
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- id: CQ-01
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name: KISS Structure
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score: 3
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max: 3
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passed: true
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comment: Follows imports → data → plot → save pattern without functions/classes
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- id: CQ-02
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name: Reproducibility
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score: 3
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max: 3
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passed: true
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comment: Uses np.random.seed(42)
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- id: CQ-03
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name: Clean Imports
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score: 2
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max: 2
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passed: true
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comment: Only imports numpy, pygal, and Style (all used)
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- id: CQ-04
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name: No Deprecated API
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score: 1
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max: 1
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passed: true
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comment: Uses current pygal API
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- id: CQ-05
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name: Output Correct
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score: 1
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max: 1
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passed: true
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comment: Saves as plot.png and plot.html
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library_features:
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score: 0
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max: 5
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items:
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- id: LF-01
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name: Distinctive Features
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score: 0
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max: 5
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passed: false
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comment: The approach of stacking multiple series to simulate confidence bands
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does not work effectively in pygal; bands are not visible
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verdict: APPROVED
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impl_tags:
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dependencies: []
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techniques:
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- html-export
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patterns:
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- data-generation
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dataprep: []
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styling:
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- alpha-blending

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