perf: improve general performance

[P403n1x87]

We try to use sets for quick lookups and cache the result of some repetitive operations to speed up some operations. We also remove a good deal of asserts embedded within the code that adde extra overhead. Where appropriate, these should be replaced with actual tests.

The current change squeezes about 3/4% performance from a decompile/recompile loop.

Benchmarking

The following round-trip script has been used to benchmark the performance of the proposed changes

from time import monotonic

from bytecode import Bytecode

n = []
for _ in range(30):
    start = monotonic()
    for _ in range(2000):
        Bytecode.from_code(Bytecode.from_code.__code__).to_code()
    n.append(monotonic() - start)


avg = sum(n) / len(n)
sdev = (sum(_**2 for _ in n) / len(n) - avg**2) ** 0.5
print(f"{avg:0.2f} +/- {sdev:0.2f}")

Baseline: 1.10 +/- 0.02
This PR: 1.03 +/- 0.02

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 90.90909% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 95.37%. Comparing base (7b6825f) to head (425a9bf).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/bytecode/concrete.py	87.50%	2 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
src/bytecode/cfg.py	50.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #172      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   95.43%   95.37%   -0.06%     
==========================================
  Files           7        7              
  Lines        2147     2142       -5     
  Branches      481      483       +2     
==========================================
- Hits         2049     2043       -6     
  Misses         56       56              
- Partials       42       43       +1     

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[MatthieuDartiailh]

Thanks for starting this, just one small question. Also you may need some convincing for Mypy to be happy with you without all the assertions.

[MatthieuDartiailh]

This looks good to me even though the removal of some assertion looks slightly scary to me but I think it is fine. I will merge shortly.

[MatthieuDartiailh]

Regarding version checks I wonder if we could try to cythonize the code and use tempita to actually remove the runtime version checks. Is this something you would be interested in ? H5py uses tempita with their cython code h5py/h5py#2637

[P403n1x87]

Regarding version checks I wonder if we could try to cythonize the code and use tempita to actually remove the runtime version checks. Is this something you would be interested in ? H5py uses tempita with their cython code h5py/h5py#2637

I have Cythonised this library in the past as an experiment and observed a general 2x speedup. Whilst not massive, it still a good improvement. So I would definitely be interested in this project moving to native. What I would ask is that wheels are built for as many platforms as possible, including e.g. alpine/musl.

[MatthieuDartiailh]

cibuildwheel make the process rather straightforward so I have no problem on this front.
Could you update your branch and make a PR so that I get an idea of what it would look like.