documents.py

documents = [

# NEWTON'S LAWS
{
"id": "doc_001",
"topic": "Newton Laws",
"text": """
Newton’s Laws of Motion describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it.

First Law (Law of Inertia): A body remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Second Law: The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force and occurs in the direction of the force. It is mathematically expressed as F = ma.

Third Law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

These laws form the foundation of classical mechanics and are widely used in engineering applications.
"""
},

# OHM’S LAW
{
"id": "doc_002",
"topic": "Ohm Law",
"text": """
Ohm’s Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, provided temperature remains constant.

The mathematical expression is:
V = IR

Where:
V = Voltage (Volts)
I = Current (Amperes)
R = Resistance (Ohms)

This law is fundamental in electrical engineering and is used to design and analyze circuits.
"""
},

# WORK & ENERGY
{
"id": "doc_003",
"topic": "Work Energy",
"text": """
Work is said to be done when a force is applied to an object and it causes displacement. The formula for work is:
Work = Force × Displacement

Energy is the ability to do work. It exists in various forms such as kinetic energy and potential energy.

Kinetic Energy = (1/2)mv²
Potential Energy = mgh

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
"""
},

# KIRCHHOFF’S LAWS
{
"id": "doc_004",
"topic": "Kirchhoff Laws",
"text": """
Kirchhoff’s Laws are used to analyze electrical circuits.

1. Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL):
The sum of currents entering a junction equals the sum of currents leaving the junction.

2. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL):
The sum of all voltages in a closed loop is equal to zero.

These laws help in solving complex circuits involving multiple loops and nodes.
"""
},

# THERMODYNAMICS
{
"id": "doc_005",
"topic": "Thermodynamics",
"text": """
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and energy.

First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed (law of conservation of energy).

Second Law: Entropy of an isolated system always increases, indicating the direction of natural processes.

Third Law: As temperature approaches absolute zero, entropy approaches a constant minimum.

Thermodynamics is widely used in engines, refrigerators, and power plants.
"""
},

# SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION (IMPORTANT)
{
"id": "doc_006",
"topic": "SHM",
"text": """
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is a type of periodic motion in which a restoring force acts on the object to bring it back to its equilibrium position.

The restoring force is directly proportional to displacement and acts in the opposite direction:
F = -kx

Examples include:
- Motion of a spring
- Oscillation of a pendulum

The motion is sinusoidal and repeats after a fixed interval of time.
"""
},

# WAVES
{
"id": "doc_007",
"topic": "Waves",
"text": """
A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy from one point to another without the transfer of matter.

Types of waves:
- Mechanical waves (require medium)
- Electromagnetic waves (do not require medium)

Wave properties include wavelength, frequency, and speed:
Wave speed = Frequency × Wavelength

Waves are used in communication systems and signal transmission.
"""
},

# UNITS & MEASUREMENTS
{
"id": "doc_008",
"topic": "Units",
"text": """
Units and measurements are essential in physics to quantify physical quantities.

The SI system includes:
- Meter (length)
- Kilogram (mass)
- Second (time)

Derived units include:
- Velocity (m/s)
- Force (Newton)

Accurate measurement ensures precision in scientific experiments.
"""
},

# CURRENT ELECTRICITY
{
"id": "doc_009",
"topic": "Current Electricity",
"text": """
Electric current is the flow of electric charge through a conductor.

It is defined as:
I = Q / t

Where:
I = Current
Q = Charge
t = Time

Current is measured in amperes. It plays a crucial role in electrical circuits and devices.
"""
},

# SEMICONDUCTORS
{
"id": "doc_010",
"topic": "Semiconductors",
"text": """
Semiconductors are materials whose conductivity lies between conductors and insulators.

Examples include silicon and germanium.

Types:
- Intrinsic semiconductors
- Extrinsic semiconductors (p-type and n-type)

They are widely used in electronic devices like diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits.
"""
}

]