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Android setup for Flutter

This guide explains how to set up the Android SDK and essential tools on Linux without installing Android Studio. We will be using the command-line tools only.

1. Install Java (JDK)

Android development requires the Java Development Kit (JDK). JDK 17 is generally recommended for modern Flutter and Android development.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk -y

Verify the installation:

java -version

2. Download Android Command Line Tools

You only need the Android Command Line Tools, instead of the entire Android Studio IDE package.

  1. Go to the Android Studio Downloads page and locate the "Command line tools only" section.
  2. Download the Linux .zip file.
  3. Alternatively, you can download it via wget (make sure to use the latest version link from the website):
wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-11076708_latest.zip -O cmdline-tools.zip

3. Set Up the Android SDK Directory

The SDK tools expect a very specific directory structure (cmdline-tools/latest/bin).

# Create the Android SDK home directory inside your user folder
mkdir -p ~/android-sdk/cmdline-tools

# Extract the contents of the downloaded zip
unzip cmdline-tools.zip -d ~/android-sdk/cmdline-tools

# Rename the extracted 'cmdline-tools' folder to 'latest'
mv ~/android-sdk/cmdline-tools/cmdline-tools ~/android-sdk/cmdline-tools/latest

4. Set Environment Variables

You need to add the Android SDK paths to your system's environment variables. Open your shell configuration file (e.g., ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc) and add the following lines at the end:

export ANDROID_HOME=$HOME/android-sdk
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/emulator

Apply the changes to your current terminal session:

source ~/.bashrc  # or source ~/.zshrc if you use zsh

5. Accept Licenses

Before installing any packages, you must accept the Android SDK licenses:

yes | sdkmanager --licenses

6. Install SDK Packages

Use the sdkmanager to install the essential platform-tools, build-tools, and the Android platform version you want to target (e.g., Android 34 / Android 14).

sdkmanager "platform-tools" "platforms;android-34" "build-tools;34.0.0"

(Optional) If you plan to create and use Android Emulators locally, you also need the emulator and system images:

sdkmanager "emulator" "system-images;android-34;google_apis;x86_64"

7. Configure Flutter

Finally, point your Flutter installation to the newly created Android SDK directory:

flutter config --android-sdk ~/android-sdk

Run flutter doctor to ensure that Flutter recognizes your Android toolchain:

flutter doctor

If Flutter prompts you to accept any remaining Android licenses, run:

flutter doctor --android-licenses