updated

Author: PavanMudigonda

.github/instructions/snyk_rules.instructions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+alwaysApply: true
+always_on: true
+trigger: always_on
+applyTo: "**"
+description: Snyk Security At Inception
+---
+
+# Project security best practices
+
+- Always run snyk_code_scan tool for new first party code that is generated in a Snyk-supported language.
+- If any security issues are found based on newly introduced or modified code or dependencies, attempt to fix the issues using the results context from Snyk.
+- Rescan the code after fixing the issues to ensure that the issues were fixed and that there are no newly introduced issues.
+- Repeat this process until no new issues are found.

40-scope-resolution/image.png

@@ -1 +1,15 @@
 # Scope Resolution
+# variable scope = where a variable is visible/accessible
+# scop resolution = the order in which Python looks for a variable
+# (LEGB Rule) Local -> Enclosing -> Global -> Built-in
+
+def func1():
+    x = 10  # Local scope
+    print("Inside func1, x =", x)
+
+def func2():
+    x = 20  # Local scope
+    print("Inside func2, x =", x)  # Will look for x in enclosing/global scope
+    
+func1()
+func2()

40-scope-resolution/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import calculator
+# from calculator import *
+
+# Direct function calls
+print(calculator.add(10, 5))        # ➝ 15
+print(calculator.subtract(10, 5))   # ➝ 5
+print(calculator.multiply(10, 5))   # ➝ 50
+print(calculator.divide(10, 5))     # ➝ 2.0
+
+# Using the dispatcher
+result = calculator.calculate('*', 7, 3)
+print(result)  # ➝ 21

41-if-name-main/__pycache__/script1.cpython-313.pyc

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# If __name__ == '__main__': (this script can be imported OR run standalone)
+#                            Functions and classes in this modeule can be reused
+#                            when imported without executing the main block.
+#                            This is useful for creating reusable modules.
+
+# ex. library = Import library for functionality
+#               When running library directly, display a help page
+
+"""
+calculator.py - A simple arithmetic library
+
+Provides functions for basic math operations:
+- add
+- subtract
+- multiply
+- divide
+- calculate (dispatches based on operator)
+
+Can be imported as a library OR run standalone.
+"""
+
+def add(a, b):
+    return a + b
+
+def subtract(a, b):
+    return a - b
+
+def multiply(a, b):
+    return a * b
+
+def divide(a, b):
+    if b == 0:
+        raise ValueError("Division by zero is not allowed")
+    return a / b
+
+def calculate(operator, a, b):
+    match operator:
+        case '+':
+            return add(a, b)
+        case '-':
+            return subtract(a, b)
+        case '*':
+            return multiply(a, b)
+        case '/':
+            return divide(a, b)
+        case _:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid operator: {operator}")
+
+def main():
+    try:
+        operator = input("Enter operation (+, -, *, /): ").strip()
+        a = float(input("Input value for a: "))
+        b = float(input("Input value for b: "))
+        result = calculate(operator, a, b)
+        print(f"{a} {operator} {b} = {result}")
+    except ValueError as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Unexpected error: {e}")
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

41-if-name-main/app.py

@@ -1 +1,59 @@
-# Banking Program
+# Python Banking Program
+
+balance = 0  # global balance
+
+def show_balance():
+    print(f"Your current balance is: {balance}")
+
+def deposit():
+    global balance
+    try:
+        amount_to_deposit = float(input("Enter amount to deposit: "))
+        if amount_to_deposit <= 0:
+            print("Entered amount is not valid. Enter a positive amount.")
+            return
+        balance += amount_to_deposit
+        print(f"Deposit successful! Your balance is now: {balance}")
+    except ValueError:
+        print("Invalid input. Please enter a numeric value.")
+
+def withdraw():
+    global balance
+    try:
+        amount_to_withdraw = float(input("Enter amount to withdraw: "))
+        if amount_to_withdraw <= 0:
+            print("Entered amount is not valid. Enter a positive amount.")
+            return
+        if amount_to_withdraw > balance:
+            print("You don't have sufficient funds to make this withdrawal.")
+            return
+        balance -= amount_to_withdraw
+        print(f"Withdrawal successful! Your balance is now: {balance}")
+    except ValueError:
+        print("Invalid input. Please enter a numeric value.")
+
+def main():
+    is_running = True
+    while is_running:
+        print("\nWelcome to XYZ Bank")
+        print("1. Show Balance")
+        print("2. Deposit")
+        print("3. Withdraw")
+        print("4. Exit")
+        
+        choice = input("Enter your choice (1 - 4): ").strip()
+        match choice:
+            case "1":
+                show_balance()
+            case "2":
+                deposit()
+            case "3":
+                withdraw()
+            case "4":
+                print("Thank you for banking with us!")
+                is_running = False
+            case _:
+                print("Invalid choice. Please enter 1 - 4.")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

41-if-name-main/calculator.py

@@ -1 +1,81 @@
-# Slot Machine
+# Python Slot Machine
+# user has balance
+# user can bet amount
+
+import random
+
+# Spin the slot machine (pick 3 random symbols)
+def spin_row():
+    # symbols are cherry, lemon, orange, watermelon, star, bell, seven
+    symbols = ['🍒', '🍋', '🍊', '🍉', '⭐', '🔔', '7️⃣']
+    # choose 3 symbols randomly and return as a list
+    return [random.choice(symbols) for _ in range(3)]
+
+# Decide how much the player wins
+def calculate_payout(row, bet):
+    # All three match
+    if row[0] == row[1] == row[2]:
+        # Jackpot if all sevens
+        if row[0] == '7️⃣':
+            return bet * 10   # Jackpot # award 10 times the bet
+        else:
+            return bet * 5       # Three of a kind # award 5 times the bet
+    # Any two match
+    elif row[0] == row[1] or row[1] == row[2] or row[0] == row[2]:
+        return bet * 2       # Two of a kind # award 2 times the bet
+    # No match # no winnings
+    return 0
+
+def main():
+    # Initial balance for the player
+    balance = 100
+    print("🎰 Welcome to the Python Slot Machine!")
+    print(f"Starting balance: ${balance}")
+
+    # Game loop - continues until player quits or runs out of money
+    while balance > 0:
+        print(f"\nYour balance: ${balance}")
+        bet = input("Enter bet amount (0 to quit): ")
+
+        # Check if input is a number
+        if not bet.isdigit():
+            print("Please enter a number.")
+            continue
+
+        bet = int(bet)
+
+        # Quit if bet is 0
+        if bet == 0:
+            print("Thanks for playing! Goodbye.")
+            break
+
+        # Check if bet is valid
+        # Bet cannot be more than balance or negative
+        if bet > balance or bet < 0:
+            print("Invalid bet amount.")
+            continue
+
+        # Deduct bet from balance
+        balance -= bet
+
+        # Spin the machine and display result
+        row = spin_row()
+        print("Spinning...")
+        # Display the row
+        print(" | ".join(row))
+
+        # Calculate winnings
+        payout = calculate_payout(row, bet)
+        # Update balance and display result
+        if payout > 0:
+            balance += payout
+            print(f"🎉 You won ${payout}!")
+        else:
+            print("No win this time.")
+
+    # Game over message
+    print("\nGame over! Final balance:", balance)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+