diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md index fdd281176..2b027c93c 100644 --- a/CHANGELOG.md +++ b/CHANGELOG.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Changelog +- Updated technology-data to v0.13.4 - Simplified IIASA database download - Bugfix: Enforce stricter H2 derivative import limit to avoid that exports of one type of derivative compensate for imports of another - Added an option to source mobility demand from UBA MWMS (Projektionsbericht 2025) for the years 2025-2035 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2020.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2020.csv index 9adcc1ba0..150b4b810 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2020.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2020.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,6.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.6142,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.5,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,711.9042,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.633,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,566.0884,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,1.0919,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.62,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,984.8823,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0001,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,300.0,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,5.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.6677,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.07,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,526.0516,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.2275,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.111,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,591.9076,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.3298,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.32,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,228.8467,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,5.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.6028,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.52,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,310.2851,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,480.3903,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.43,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1364.8906,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,6.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.22,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2359.2378,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,152624.5646,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,285.7198,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,245.5074,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,287.118,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,246.7088,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,3.4615,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,823.497,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,0.404,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,167272.82,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inp biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.0582,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,96.2077,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,62.1519,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,5591.3924,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.1,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.164,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology central gas boiler,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,63.4933,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4715,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0281,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1625.2908,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.3935,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0281,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,704.7435,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8406,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8547,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3008.7285,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3546,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.0392,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3740.4387,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5176,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.6133,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.7408,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.7168,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3276,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8711,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5773,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1900.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,13.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,716511.2815,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,16.43,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,530264.2751,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.1077,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,54.9273,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,398.9496,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,342.3682,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,400.9018,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,344.0435,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,60.3186,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.1747,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,60.6138,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.1902,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0928,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2828,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,2.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.599,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,10630.1681,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,4237.1194,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.4016,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,28.8648,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2025.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2025.csv index 9e70e5f90..859705b43 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2025.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2025.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,4.6,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,566.0884,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.6426,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,984.8823,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0002,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,320.6897,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,5.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.6677,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.07,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,526.0516,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.2275,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.111,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,591.9076,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2673,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.32,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,228.8467,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,5.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.3412,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.52,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,310.2851,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,470.4853,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1222.7145,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,6.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.205,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2301.3915,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,148408.4164,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,227.5176,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,197.8874,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,228.631,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,198.8558,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,3.4615,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,823.497,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,0.404,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,167272.82,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inp biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.0582,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,116.9293,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,72.2943,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,4348.8608,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.15,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.1111,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.035,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,58.2022,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4691,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0453,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1577.4881,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.2884,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0453,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,704.7435,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8422,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.7812,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2915.219,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3733,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.183,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.72,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2694,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.825,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3642.4702,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5338,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5947,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.8995,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.8704,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3301,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3933,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8761,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5874,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.264,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1400.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,15.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,650509.9986,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,18.09,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,481416.7648,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0574,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,50.35,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,321.2749,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,280.1877,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2512,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,322.8471,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,281.5588,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0794,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,53.9217,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.6456,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0794,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,54.1855,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.6585,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0929,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2526,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.604,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,9224.3988,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3972.2994,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3789,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,28.4644,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2030.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2030.csv index 0b41cac5f..5328099c4 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2030.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2030.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,346.5517,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.56,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,460.5804,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.33,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,7.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.19,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2243.5452,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,169.3155,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,150.2675,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,170.144,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,151.0028,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,3.4167,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,823.497,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,0.404,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,154405.68,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inp biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.0582,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.6508,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,82.4367,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,3106.3291,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.085,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology cement capture,heat-output,1.54,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2600000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.6561,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.2,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.0582,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,52.9111,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4735,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.4843,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1529.6854,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.7314,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.4843,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,604.0659,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8437,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.86,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2822.2404,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.394,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.3268,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.73,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2699,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8245,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3544.5017,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.551,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5761,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,30.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.0582,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.0241,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3326,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.4571,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8811,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6217,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2228,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,875.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.007,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,45.7727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,241.3377,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,214.7158,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.3375,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,242.5187,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,215.7666,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1133,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,47.5247,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.1164,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1133,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,47.7573,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.1268,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0931,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2224,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,7841.7127,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3707.4795,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.355,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,28.064,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2035.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2035.csv index d787787a8..6a3547881 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2035.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2035.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,982536.4099,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,982536.4099,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,372.4138,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,124.592,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,124.592,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,800.9483,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,800.9483,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.22,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,454.3898,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.31,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,7.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.17,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2188.8138,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,137.5688,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,124.8702,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,138.242,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,125.4812,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,3.3913,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,823.497,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,0.404,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,147972.11,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inp biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.0582,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.5968,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,84.2795,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,2681.013,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.925,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology cement capture,heat-output,1.51,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.4868,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.25,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.0582,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,52.9111,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4723,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.5503,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1505.7841,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.6701,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.5503,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,604.0659,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.845,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8424,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2773.9495,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4041,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.373,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.735,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2687,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8257,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3493.3,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5714,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5556,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,22.5,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.164,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.1265,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3339,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.4214,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8333,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6374,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2039,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,775.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.007,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,45.7727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,197.4367,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,179.5623,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.4154,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,198.4029,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,180.441,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.3897,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,38.075,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.8519,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.3897,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,38.2613,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.861,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0922,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2325,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.1,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,7406.062,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3442.6595,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3408,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,27.8042,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2040.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2040.csv index bacdadfea..8d94db34e 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2040.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2040.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,841127.4391,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,841127.4391,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,398.2759,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,102.3434,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,102.3434,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,711.9541,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,711.9541,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.88,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,448.1992,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.29,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,8.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.15,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2134.0823,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,105.8222,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,99.4728,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,106.34,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,99.9596,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,3.3636,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,823.497,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,0.404,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,141538.54,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inp biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.0582,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.5427,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,86.1222,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,2255.697,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.0582,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,52.9111,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4711,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.6163,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1481.8828,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.6088,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.6163,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,604.0659,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8464,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8249,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2725.6586,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4147,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.4192,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.74,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2675,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8269,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3442.0984,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5934,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.535,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2544,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,22.5,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.9826,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2699,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2289,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3351,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.7855,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6532,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.1849,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,675.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.007,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,45.7727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,152.982,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,144.093,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,153.7307,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,144.7981,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.8484,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,28.6253,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.5873,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.8484,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,28.7654,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.5951,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0913,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2425,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.15,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,6970.4113,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3177.8395,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3255,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,27.5443,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2045.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2045.csv index 73550d204..f579d8a04 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2045.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2045.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,699718.4683,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,699718.4683,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,424.1379,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,80.0948,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,80.0948,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,622.9598,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,622.9598,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.54,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,442.0086,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.27,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,8.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.13,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2082.0207,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,84.6577,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,89.4197,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,85.072,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,89.8573,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,3.381,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,823.497,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,0.404,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,135104.97,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inp biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.0582,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,134.6872,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,87.9862,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,1904.4308,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.5715,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.0582,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,52.9111,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4698,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.411,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1457.9814,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.5475,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.411,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,604.0659,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.847,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.7107,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2679.7999,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.426,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.4654,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.745,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2664,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8282,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3390.8967,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.6171,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5144,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2544,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,22.5,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.9826,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2699,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2289,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3351,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.35,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.7855,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6763,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.1571,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,575.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.007,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.935,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,45.7727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,122.6452,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,129.8051,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.675,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,123.2453,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,130.4403,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.873,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,25.424,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.4286,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.873,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,25.5484,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.4356,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0886,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1922,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.175,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,6534.7606,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2913.0196,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3092,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,27.2845,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2050.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2050.csv index 6e1e90879..fb4a58e92 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2050.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/mean/costs_2050.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,558309.4975,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,558309.4975,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,450.0,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,57.8463,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,57.8463,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,533.9655,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,533.9655,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,435.818,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.25,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,9.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.11,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2029.959,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,63.4933,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,79.3666,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,63.804,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,79.755,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,3.4,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,823.497,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,0.404,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,128671.4,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.0582,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,131.8317,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,89.8502,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,1553.1646,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,1800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2336,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.8255,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.0582,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,52.9111,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4684,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.2056,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1434.0801,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.4861,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.2056,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,604.0659,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8477,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.5966,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2633.9412,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.4378,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.5116,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2652,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3339.6951,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.6429,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.4938,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2544,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,22.5,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.9826,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2699,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2289,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3351,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.7855,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6994,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.1294,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,475.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.007,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.94,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,45.7727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,92.5188,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,114.9165,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,92.9715,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,115.4789,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.9048,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,22.2227,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.2699,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.9048,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,22.3314,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.2761,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1418,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.2,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,6099.1099,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2648.1996,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.2917,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,27.0247,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2020.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2020.csv index d5fe69aab..46eda012c 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2020.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2020.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,6.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.6142,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.5,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,711.9042,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.633,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,566.0884,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,1.0919,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.62,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,984.8823,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0001,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,300.0,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,5.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.6677,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.07,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,526.0516,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.2275,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.111,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,591.9076,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.3298,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.32,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,228.8467,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,5.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.6028,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.52,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,310.2851,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,480.3903,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.43,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1364.8906,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,6.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.22,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2359.2378,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,152624.5646,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,285.7198,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,245.5074,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,287.118,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,246.7088,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,160.0417,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,160041.7,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,96.2077,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,62.1519,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,5591.3924,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.1,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.164,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology central gas boiler,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,63.4933,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4715,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0281,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1625.2908,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.3935,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0281,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,704.7435,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8406,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8547,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3008.7285,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3546,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.0392,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3740.4387,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5176,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.6133,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.7408,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.7168,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3276,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8711,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5773,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1900.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,13.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,716511.2815,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,16.43,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,530264.2751,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.1077,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,54.9273,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,398.9496,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,342.3682,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,400.9018,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,344.0435,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,60.3186,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.1747,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,60.6138,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.1902,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0928,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2828,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,2.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.599,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,10630.1681,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,4237.1194,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.4016,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,28.8648,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2025.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2025.csv index 3f01541bc..011f3fef7 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2025.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2025.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,4.6,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,566.0884,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.6426,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,984.8823,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0002,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,320.6897,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,5.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.6677,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.07,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,526.0516,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.2275,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.111,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,591.9076,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2673,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.32,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,228.8467,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,5.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.3412,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.52,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,310.2851,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.5856,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,451.1707,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1222.7145,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,6.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.205,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2301.3915,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,148408.4164,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1981,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.9517,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,280.4287,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,232.8088,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,20.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.1981,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.9533,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,281.801,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,233.948,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,24.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,160.0417,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,160041.7,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,116.9293,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,72.2943,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.15,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.3167,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,4801.2803,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9033,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.095,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.7858,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.5917,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2733333.3333,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2028,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.1667,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.0759,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.035,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,59.084,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.5705,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0379,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1492.4974,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.5006,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0379,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,669.5845,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8947,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8054,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2771.5549,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3416,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.1129,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.725,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2874,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8296,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3556.7223,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5477,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5797,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,21.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2812,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.1307,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,2.9953,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,41.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2477,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0091,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0071,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.1307,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,2.8986,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,41.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0074,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,50.8333,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.6173,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.5974,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.1545,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,451.5079,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.1545,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,436.9298,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1667,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3288,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.334,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8568,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5728,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2815,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1962.5,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,24.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,15.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,650509.9986,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,18.09,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,481416.7648,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.2143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.505,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0909,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.9267,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,53.4015,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1981,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9517,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,395.99,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,329.6326,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,20.8333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.1981,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9533,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,397.9278,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,331.2457,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,24.1667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0784,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,53.9693,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.963,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0784,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,54.2334,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.9775,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0918,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2593,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.0458,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3575,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6007,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,9570.0517,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3972.2994,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.391,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,27.4128,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2030.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2030.csv index 7a132f45e..15d0e4752 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2030.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2030.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,346.5517,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.56,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.4093,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,421.9511,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.33,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,7.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.19,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2243.5452,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1962,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.9533,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,275.1376,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,220.1101,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,21.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.1962,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.9567,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,276.484,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,221.1872,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,160.0417,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,160041.7,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.6508,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,82.4367,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.28,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.4133,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,4011.1683,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9067,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.09,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.7387,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.5333,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2466666.6667,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.1946,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.2333,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,0.9877,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.04,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,54.6748,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.6889,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0476,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1359.704,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.6196,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0476,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,634.4254,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.959,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.7561,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2534.3814,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3272,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.1866,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.74,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.3059,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8337,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3373.0059,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5814,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.546,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,23.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2715,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.8485,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,2.8532,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,43.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2615,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.956,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0065,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.8485,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,2.7611,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,43.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0071,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,46.6667,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.4938,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.4779,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.16,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,469.1449,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,36.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.16,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,453.9974,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,36.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.2333,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3301,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,16.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3304,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8425,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5684,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2869,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,2025.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,23.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.4839,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.51,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0741,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.9333,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,51.8758,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1962,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9533,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,392.1738,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,314.5134,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,21.6667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.1962,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9567,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,394.0929,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,316.0524,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,47.62,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.7514,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1111,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,47.853,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.7648,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0908,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2358,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.1417,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.364,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6023,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,8515.802,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3707.4795,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3787,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,25.9608,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2035.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2035.csv index 14504c974..6eb10df67 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2035.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2035.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,982536.4099,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,982536.4099,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,372.4138,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,124.592,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,124.592,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,800.9483,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,800.9483,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.22,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.2329,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,392.7314,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.31,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,7.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.17,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2188.8138,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1941,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,269.8465,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,207.4114,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.1941,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,271.167,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,208.4264,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,32.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,160.0417,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,160041.7,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.5968,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,84.2795,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.41,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.51,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,3221.0562,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.91,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.085,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.6915,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.475,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.1855,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,0.8995,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.045,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,50.2655,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.8328,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0574,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1226.9106,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.7525,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0574,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,599.2663,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.0365,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.7068,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2297.2078,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3112,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.2603,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.755,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.3245,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8378,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3189.2895,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.6196,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5124,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2608,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.4595,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,2.7112,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,45.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.9029,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0058,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.4595,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,2.6236,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,45.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0068,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,42.5,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.3704,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.3584,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.1667,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,486.7819,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.1667,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,471.0649,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.3,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3314,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,17.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3267,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8283,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5639,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2922,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,2087.5,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.8333,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.515,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0574,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.94,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,50.35,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1941,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,387.2797,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,298.2561,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.1941,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,389.1749,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,299.7156,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,32.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1538,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,41.2706,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.5397,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1538,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,41.4726,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.5522,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0896,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2123,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.2375,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3705,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.604,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,7467.3704,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3442.6595,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3645,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,24.5088,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2040.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2040.csv index 674216e02..aeba6a5ee 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2040.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2040.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,841127.4391,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,841127.4391,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,398.2759,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,102.3434,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,102.3434,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,711.9541,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,711.9541,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.88,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.0565,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,363.5118,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.29,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,8.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.15,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2134.0823,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.192,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.9567,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,264.5554,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,194.7128,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,23.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.192,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.9633,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,265.85,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,195.6656,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,36.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,160.0417,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,160041.7,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.5427,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,86.1222,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.54,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.6067,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,2430.9441,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9133,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.6443,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.4167,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,1933333.3333,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.1752,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.3667,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,0.8113,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,45.8563,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,2.0118,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0671,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1094.1173,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,31.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.9019,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0671,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,564.1073,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,31.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.1318,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.6575,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,2060.0343,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,31.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2933,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.3341,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.77,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.343,per unit,"Danish Energy central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8418,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3005.5731,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,31.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.6631,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.4788,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2488,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,58.8889,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,2.5691,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,46.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2942,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.8498,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0052,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,58.8889,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,2.4861,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,46.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0065,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,38.3333,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.2469,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.175,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,504.419,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,43.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.175,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,488.1325,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,43.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.3667,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3326,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,18.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3227,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.814,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5595,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2976,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,2150.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,21.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,6.3043,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.52,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0406,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.9467,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,48.8242,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.192,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9567,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,382.4551,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,282.0544,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,23.3333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.192,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9633,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,384.3266,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,283.4346,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,36.6667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2121,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,34.9213,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.3281,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2121,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,35.0922,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.3395,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0884,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1888,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.3333,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.377,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6057,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,6424.709,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3177.8395,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3477,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,23.0567,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2045.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2045.csv index 913ba6c82..166c8e03e 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2045.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2045.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,699718.4683,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,699718.4683,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,424.1379,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,80.0948,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,80.0948,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,622.9598,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,622.9598,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.54,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,3.8801,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,334.2922,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.27,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,8.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.13,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2082.0207,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1898,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.9583,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,259.2643,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,182.0141,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,24.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.1898,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.9667,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,260.533,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,182.9048,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,40.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,160.0417,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,160041.7,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,134.6872,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,87.9862,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.67,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.7033,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,1640.8321,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9167,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.075,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.5972,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.3583,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,1666666.6667,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.1635,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.4333,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,0.7231,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.055,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,41.447,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,2.2401,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0768,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,961.3239,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,4.0713,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0768,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,528.9482,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.252,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.6082,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,1822.8607,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.273,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.4078,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.785,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.3615,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8459,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,2821.8567,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.7132,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.4452,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2355,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,57.971,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,2.427,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,48.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.3138,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.7967,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,45.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0045,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,57.971,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,2.3487,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,48.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0062,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,34.1667,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.1235,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.1195,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.1857,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,522.056,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,46.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.1857,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,505.2001,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,46.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.4333,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3339,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,19.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3186,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.7997,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.555,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_ electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.303,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,2212.5,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,20.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,6.9737,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.525,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0238,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.9533,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,47.2985,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,29.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1898,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9583,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,375.6008,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,264.2187,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,24.1667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.1898,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.9667,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,377.4388,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,265.5117,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,40.8333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2963,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,28.572,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,29.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.1164,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2963,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,28.7118,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,29.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.1268,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0871,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1653,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.4292,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3835,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6073,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,5387.7702,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2913.0196,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3275,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,21.6047,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2050.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2050.csv index 71b42da29..f17c7783b 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2050.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/optimist/costs_2050.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,558309.4975,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,558309.4975,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,450.0,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,57.8463,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,57.8463,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,533.9655,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,533.9655,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,3.7038,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,305.0726,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.25,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,9.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.11,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2029.959,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1875,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,253.9732,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,169.3155,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.1875,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.97,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,255.216,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,170.144,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,45.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,160.0417,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,160041.7,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,131.8317,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,89.8502,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.8,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agenc biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,850.72,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.07,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.55,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology cement capture,heat-output,1.3,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,1400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.1502,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,0.6349,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.06,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,37.0378,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,2.5417,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0866,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,828.5305,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,4.2647,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0866,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,493.7891,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4081,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.5589,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,1585.6871,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.4815,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.38,per unit,"Danish Energy central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.85,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,2638.1403,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.7714,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.4115,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2205,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,56.25,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,2.2849,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.3362,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,0.7436,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0039,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,56.25,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,2.2112,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.006,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.2,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,539.693,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.2,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,522.2676,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,50.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.5,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3351,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.7855,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5505,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.3083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,2275.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.007,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,45.7727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1875,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,370.0752,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,245.1552,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.1875,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.97,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,371.8862,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,246.3549,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,45.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.4286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,22.2227,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.9048,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.4286,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,22.3314,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.9141,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1418,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.525,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.39,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydataf micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,4356.5071,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2648.1996,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.303,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,20.1527,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2020.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2020.csv index b3e4985dc..a2edd9017 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2020.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2020.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,6.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.6142,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.5,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,711.9042,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.633,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,566.0884,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,1.0919,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.62,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,984.8823,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0001,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,300.0,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,5.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.6677,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.07,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,526.0516,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.2275,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.111,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,591.9076,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.3298,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.32,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,228.8467,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,5.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.6028,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.52,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,310.2851,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.762,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_ OCGT,efficiency,0.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,480.3903,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.43,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1364.8906,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,6.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.22,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2359.2378,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,152624.5646,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,285.7198,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,245.5074,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,287.118,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,246.7088,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,480.1251,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,480125.1,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,96.2077,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,62.1519,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.02,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.22,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,5591.3924,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2102,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.1,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.164,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology central gas boiler,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,63.4933,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.4715,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.0281,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1625.2908,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.3935,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.0281,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,704.7435,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.8406,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8547,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3008.7285,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3546,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,1.0392,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2689,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.8255,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3740.4387,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5176,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.6133,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.2901,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,3.1374,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0078,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.3448,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.0361,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,40.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0077,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.7408,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.7168,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,433.8709,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.15,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,419.8622,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,2.1,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,30.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3276,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8711,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.5773,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2762,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1900.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,13.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,716511.2815,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,16.43,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,530264.2751,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.1077,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,54.9273,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,398.9496,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,342.3682,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,400.9018,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,344.0435,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,60.3186,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.1747,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0526,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,60.6138,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.1902,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0928,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2828,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,2.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.351,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydata micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.599,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,10630.1681,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,4237.1194,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.4016,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,28.8648,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2025.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2025.csv index e410b66d2..ee074e30d 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2025.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2025.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,4.6,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,566.0884,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,18.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.6426,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,984.8823,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0002,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,320.6897,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,5.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.6677,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.07,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,526.0516,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.2275,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.77,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.111,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,591.9076,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2673,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.32,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,228.8467,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,5.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.3412,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.52,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,310.2851,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.8502,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.405,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,494.7525,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1222.7145,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,6.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.205,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2301.3915,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,148408.4164,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1742,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,328.0487,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,250.2694,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,19.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2025,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,283.5733,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,236.7837,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,19.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,480.1251,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,480125.1,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,116.9293,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,72.2943,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.225,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Age biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.3917,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,4872.1737,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.915,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.0983,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.8142,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.6333,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2900000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2426,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.0833,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.3581,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.015,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,97.0036,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.3586,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.1952,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1725.281,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,3.1165,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.1952,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,752.1054,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.7836,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8612,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3164.5137,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3591,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.9189,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.7083,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2641,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.7679,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,3881.3327,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,24.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5229,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.6071,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.3347,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.101,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,4.0228,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,38.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,77.1429,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,21.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0081,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,60.101,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,3.8929,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,38.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0081,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,55.8333,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.8289,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.8022,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.2429,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,384.4872,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.2429,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,372.073,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,1.9167,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,35.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3288,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,14.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.334,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8568,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.9883,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6003,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2485,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1645.8333,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,25.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,15.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,650509.9986,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,18.09,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,481416.7648,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,4.9324,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.4933,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0909,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.915,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,53.4015,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1742,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,463.2336,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,354.3551,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,19.1667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2025,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,400.4305,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,335.2608,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,19.1667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0773,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,56.4826,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.8219,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.0773,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,56.759,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,25.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.8357,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0918,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2593,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,2.9667,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3442,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6007,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,10453.4411,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3972.2994,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3839,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,29.7245,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2030.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2030.csv index b57b163f0..1c83b28a9 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2030.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2030.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,1123945.3807,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,346.5517,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,146.8405,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,889.9426,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.56,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,4.9384,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.41,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,509.1147,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.33,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,7.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.19,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2243.5452,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1543,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,370.3776,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,255.0314,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,18.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2051,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,280.0287,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,226.8587,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,18.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,480.1251,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,480125.1,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.6508,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,82.4367,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.43,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.5633,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,4152.9549,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.93,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.0967,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.7953,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.6167,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2703,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.0667,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.5521,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,130.514,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.2581,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.3622,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1825.2713,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.8723,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.3622,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,799.4674,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.732,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8677,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3320.299,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3631,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.7986,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.7067,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2593,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.7104,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,4022.2266,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,23.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5283,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.6009,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.3632,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.9099,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,4.9082,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,36.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,51.9231,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,23.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0084,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.9099,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,4.7497,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,36.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0085,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,56.6667,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.9171,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.8875,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.3125,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,335.1035,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.3125,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,324.2838,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,1.7333,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,40.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3301,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,13.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3304,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8425,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.9867,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6234,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.2207,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1391.6667,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,4.8571,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.4867,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0741,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.91,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,51.8758,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1543,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,527.9262,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,364.4121,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,18.3333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2051,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,399.1453,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,324.1563,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,18.3333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1055,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,52.6465,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.4692,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1055,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,52.9042,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.4813,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0908,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2358,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,2.9833,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3373,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6023,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,10277.6921,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3707.4795,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3664,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,30.5842,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2035.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2035.csv index 222a5c868..1d69f468a 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2035.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2035.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,982536.4099,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,982536.4099,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,372.4138,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,124.592,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,124.592,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,800.9483,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,800.9483,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.1,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,7.22,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,5.0266,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.415,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,523.4768,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.31,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,7.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.17,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2188.8138,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1385,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,412.7064,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,259.7934,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,17.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2077,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,276.484,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,216.9336,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,17.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,480.1251,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,480125.1,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.5968,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,84.2795,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.635,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Age biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.735,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,3433.7362,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.945,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.095,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.7765,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.6,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2700000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.2943,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.7461,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,0.985,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,164.0244,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.168,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.5292,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,1925.2616,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.6555,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.5292,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,846.8293,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.685,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8742,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3476.0842,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3666,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.6783,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.705,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2545,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.6528,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,4163.1206,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5338,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5947,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.383,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.7561,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,5.7936,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,39.1304,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0087,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.7561,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,5.6066,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,35.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0089,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,57.5,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.0053,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,0.9729,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.3667,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,285.7198,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.3667,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,276.4946,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,22.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,1.55,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,45.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3314,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,12.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3267,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.8283,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.985,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6465,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.193,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,1137.5,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,4.7727,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.48,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0574,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.905,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,50.35,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1385,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,592.3102,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,373.581,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,17.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2077,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,396.8057,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,311.9489,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,17.5,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1382,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,48.8105,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.1164,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1382,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,49.0493,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,27.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.1268,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0896,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.2123,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3305,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.604,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,10102.913,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3442.6595,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.349,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,31.4438,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2040.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2040.csv index 9746f0021..e3b5452f6 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2040.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2040.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,841127.4391,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,841127.4391,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,398.2759,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,102.3434,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,102.3434,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,711.9541,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,711.9541,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.88,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,5.1147,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.42,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,537.839,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.29,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,8.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.15,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2134.0823,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1256,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,455.0353,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,264.5554,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,16.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2104,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,272.9393,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,207.0085,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,16.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,480.1251,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,480125.1,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,137.5427,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,86.1222,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,0.84,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,0.9067,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,2714.5175,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.0933,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.7577,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.5833,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2600000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3153,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.0333,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,1.9401,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,0.97,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,197.5347,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.0868,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.6963,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,2025.2518,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.4616,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.6963,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,894.1912,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.642,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8806,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3631.8695,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3697,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.558,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.7033,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2496,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.5952,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,4304.0146,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,21.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5394,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5885,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.3975,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.6296,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,6.679,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,31.3953,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,26.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.009,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.6296,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,6.4634,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,33.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0093,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,58.3333,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.0935,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.0582,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.41,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,236.3362,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.41,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,228.7054,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,1.3667,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,50.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3326,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,11.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3227,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.814,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.9833,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6695,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.1653,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,883.3333,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,4.6774,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.4733,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0406,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,48.8242,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1256,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,657.8228,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,383.2261,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,16.6667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2104,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,394.5753,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,299.8656,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,16.6667,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1765,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,44.9744,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.7637,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.1765,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,45.1945,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.7723,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0884,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1888,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.0167,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3237,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6057,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,9929.0958,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,3177.8395,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3318,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,32.3035,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2045.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2045.csv index 3185dd14a..8e03f192d 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2045.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2045.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,699718.4683,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,699718.4683,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,424.1379,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,80.0948,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,80.0948,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,622.9598,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,622.9598,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.54,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,5.2029,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.425,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,552.2012,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.27,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,8.5,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.13,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2082.0207,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1149,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,497.3642,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,269.3174,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,15.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.2132,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,269.3947,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,197.0835,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,15.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,480.1251,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,480125.1,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,134.6872,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,87.9862,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,1.045,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Age biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,1.0783,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,1995.2987,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.975,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.0917,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.7388,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolo cement capture,heat-output,1.5667,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3339,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.0167,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,2.1341,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,0.955,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,231.0451,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,1.0133,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,6.8633,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,2125.2421,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.2872,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,6.8633,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,941.5531,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.6025,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8871,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3787.6547,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3725,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.4378,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.7017,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.2448,per unit,"Danish Energ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.5376,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,4444.9085,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,20.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.5452,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5823,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.4086,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.5238,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,7.5644,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,31.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,26.2136,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,28.3333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0094,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.5238,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,7.3202,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,31.6667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0097,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,59.1667,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.1817,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.1435,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.4455,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,186.9525,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,17.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.4455,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,180.9162,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,17.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,1.1833,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,55.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3339,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,10.8333,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3186,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.7997,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.9817,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.6926,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.1376,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,629.1667,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,29.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,4.569,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.4667,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.0238,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_dat gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.895,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,47.2985,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1149,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,720.5404,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,390.9515,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,15.8333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.2132,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,390.2769,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,286.094,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,15.8333,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2219,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,41.1384,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,29.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.411,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2219,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,41.3397,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,29.1667,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.4179,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0871,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1653,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.0333,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.3168,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydat micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6073,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,9756.2326,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2913.0196,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.3147,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,33.1632,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0 diff --git a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2050.csv b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2050.csv index e9a66caca..57983053f 100644 --- a/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2050.csv +++ b/ariadne-data/costs/pessimist/costs_2050.csv @@ -1,8 +1,22 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description,currency_year +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,FOM,2.8,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,electricity-input,1.38,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,investment,429.0306,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer large size,lifetime,40.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 72 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,VOM,0.2389,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,electricity-input,1.416,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,investment,506.0332,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer medium size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2EC02, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 33 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,FOM,2.3,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,VOM,0.1934,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.41,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,investment,582.922,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW,2010.0 +Alkaline electrolyzer small size,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2ED01, H2 Production-Alkaline Electrolyser, small size, decentralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 0.6 MW, Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate.",2015.0 Ammonia cracker,ammonia-input,1.46,MWh_NH3/MWh_H2,"ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf), Fig. 10.",Assuming a integrated 200t/d cracking and purification facility. Electricity demand (316 MWh per 2186 MWh_LHV H2 output) is assumed to also be ammonia LHV input which seems a fair assumption as the facility has options for a higher degree of integration according to the report)., -Ammonia cracker,investment,558309.4975,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.","Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and -Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.",2015.0 +Ammonia cracker,investment,558309.4975,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.; and Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3.,2015.0 Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.",,2015.0 BEV Bus city,FOM,0.0003,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 BEV Bus city,Motor size,450.0,kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_commercial_freight_and_passenger_transport_0.xlsx",BEV B1,2022.0 @@ -278,18 +292,64 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa H2 (l) transport ship,investment,393737000.0,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.",,2019.0 H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 -H2 evaporation,investment,57.8463,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and -Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 +H2 evaporation,investment,57.8463,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15).; and Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 .",2022.0 H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant.,2015.0 H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .",,2020.0 H2 liquefaction,electricity-input,0.203,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.","6.78 kWh/kg_H2, considering H2 with LHV of 33.3333 MWh/t", H2 liquefaction,hydrogen-input,1.017,MWh_H2/MWh_H2,"Heuser et al. (2019): Techno-economic analysis of a potential energy trading link between Patagonia and Japan based on CO2 free hydrogen (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156), table 1.",corresponding to 1.65% losses during liquefaction, -H2 liquefaction,investment,533.9655,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and -Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 +H2 liquefaction,investment,533.9655,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value).; and Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report).",2022.0 H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",,2022.0 H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,investment,282.5452,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,VOM,0.5118,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,electricity-input,0.097,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,investment,1467.9399,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,VOM,0.5232,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,electricity-input,0.143,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,investment,1489.0957,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production biomass gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production biomass gasification CC,wood-input,1.804,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2GCC01, H2 Production-Biomass Gasification + Carbon Capture, medium size, centralized, medium size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,FOM,6.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,VOM,0.5061,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification,investment,399.1168,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,FOM,6.2,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,VOM,0.1479,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,coal-input,1.62,MWh_coal/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,electricity-input,0.023,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production coal gasification CC,investment,413.4481,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production coal gasification CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SCOAH2GCC01, H2 Production-Coal Gasification + Carbon Capture, big size, centralized and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,FOM,5.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,VOM,0.1592,EUR/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,electricity-input,0.063,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,investment,491.1331,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production heavy oil partial oxidation,oil-input,1.3,MWh_oil/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SHFOH2POC01, H2 Production-Central PO of Heavy Oil (CPO3)) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,FOM,4.9,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,VOM,0.2047,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,electricity-input,0.02,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,gas-input,1.25,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,investment,180.0518,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,FOM,6.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,VOM,0.0796,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,electricity-input,0.039,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,gas-input,1.4,MWh_NG/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,investment,217.5863,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production natural gas steam reforming CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SGASH2RCC01, H2 Production-Methane Steam Reforming + Carbon Capture, large size, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,VOM,0.7393,EUR/MWh,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,electricity-input,0.044,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,investment,590.6564,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",,2010.0 +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, +H2 production solid biomass steam reforming,wood-input,1.36,MWh_wood/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SBIOH2RC01, H2 Production-Biomass Steam Reforming, centralized) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",, HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,investment,442.1414,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .",,2011.0 @@ -450,6 +510,10 @@ OCGT,VOM,5.2911,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and OCGT,efficiency,0.43,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","52 OCGT - Natural gas: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 OCGT,investment,566.5634,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 OCGT,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",52 OCGT - Natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,FOM,3.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,electricity-input,1.25,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW, +PEM electrolyzer small size,investment,1080.5384,EUR/kW,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`",Reference capacity 1 MW,2010.0 +PEM electrolyzer small size,lifetime,9.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx` (SELCH2PEM01, H2 Production-Proton Exchange Membrane) and currency year from file `SubRES_15_TECHS_HYDROGEN.xlsx`, Sheet `INPUT-Data(HP)`","Likely stack lifetime, rather than electrolyzer system lifetime", PHS,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 PHS,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 @@ -481,6 +545,10 @@ SMR CC,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen SMR CC,efficiency,0.69,per unit (in LHV),"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, SMR CC,investment,605753.2171,EUR/MW_CH4,Danish Energy Agency,"Technology data for renewable fuels, in pdf on table 3 p.311",2015.0 SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen production by energy source and technology, 2019 and 2050 (2020), https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/global-average-levelised-cost-of-hydrogen-production-by-energy-source-and-technology-2019-and-2050",, +SOEC,FOM,4.0,%/year,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,electricity-input,1.11,MWh_el/MWh_H2,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, +SOEC,investment,2029.959,USD/kW,"ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions, https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/fuels-eu-cost-renew-H-produced-onsite-H-refueling-stations-europe-feb22.pdf adjusted according to DOE observations https://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/docs/hydrogenprogramlibraries/pdfs/24005-clean-hydrogen-production-cost-pem-electrolyzer.pdf?sfvrsn=8cb10889_1#:~:text=This%20Record%20shows%20that%20the,factors%20of%2050%2D75%25",US-based assumptions for a Conservative cost scenario,2022.0 +SOEC,lifetime,30.0,years,ICCT IRA e-fuels assumptions ,, Sand-charger,FOM,1.075,%/year,"Viswanathan_2022, NULL","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Guesstimate, 50% on charger']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,efficiency,0.99,per unit,"Viswanathan_2022, p.107 (p.129)","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['RTE assume 99% for charge and other for discharge']}",2020.0 Sand-charger,investment,144192.2682,EUR/MW,"Georgiou_2018, Guesstimate that charge is 20% of capital costs of power components for sensible thermal storage","{'carrier': ['elec', 'sand'], 'technology_type': ['charger'], 'type': ['thermal'], 'note': ['Power Equipment Charge']}",2020.0 @@ -541,12 +609,17 @@ allam,VOM,2.0,EUR/MWh,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost allam,efficiency,0.6,p.u.,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,investment,1500.0,EUR/kW,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 allam,lifetime,30.0,years,Own assumption. TODO: Find better technology data and cost assumptions,,2020.0 -battery inverter,FOM,0.1059,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -battery inverter,investment,539.693,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -battery storage,investment,274.0794,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -battery storage,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,investment,929753.03,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 41 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 389000 t/year",2019.0 +ammonia carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +battery inverter,FOM,0.216,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +battery inverter,investment,265.85,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +battery storage,investment,187.1584,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +battery storage,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,FOM,100.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Fixed O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,VOM,480.1251,EUR/MWh_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Variable O&M",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,efficiency-biochar,1.0,MWh_biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: efficiency biochar",2020.0 @@ -555,6 +628,7 @@ biochar pyrolysis,investment,480125.1,EUR/kW_biochar,"Danish Energy Agency, inpu biochar pyrolysis,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: Technical lifetime",2020.0 biochar pyrolysis,yield-biochar,0.144,ton biochar/MWh_feedstock,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","105 Slow pyrolysis, Straw: yield biochar",2020.0 biodiesel crops,fuel,131.8317,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIORPS1 (rape seed), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 +bioethanol crops,CO2 intensity,0.1289,tCO2/MWh_th,,"CO2 released during fermentation of bioethanol crops, based on stochiometric composition: C6H12O6 -> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 , i.e. 1 kg ethanol → ~0.956 kg CO₂ (from fermentation) → 0.1289 tCO₂/MWh (with LHV = 26.7 MJ/kg).", bioethanol crops,fuel,89.8502,EUR/MWhth,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOCRP11 (Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye), ENS_BaU_GFTM",,2010.0 biogas,CO2 stored,0.0868,tCO2/MWh_th,"Stoichiometric calculation, doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120016",, biogas,FOM,7.7769,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","81 Biogas, Basic plant, small: Total O&M",2020.0 @@ -629,6 +703,13 @@ biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-electricity,1.25,MWh_e/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agen biomass-to-methanol,efficiency-heat,1.25,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: District heat Output,",2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,investment,1276.08,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Specific investment,2020.0 biomass-to-methanol,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",97 Methanol from biomass gasif.: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,FOM,14.18,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",123.67 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,coal-input,1.43,MWh_coal/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ","Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF` using 195 kg_PCI/t_HM (PCI = Pulverized Coal Injected; HM = Hot Metal) as substitute for coke, 24 MJ/kg as LHV for coal and 1 : 1.1 as HM-to-steel ratio.",2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,investment,7637406.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",871.85 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘Avg BF-BOF’.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,ore-input,1.539,t_ore/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 +blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace,scrap-input,0.051,t_scrap/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Based on process ‘Avg BF-BOF`,2020.0 cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,capture_rate,0.99,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.09,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 @@ -638,6 +719,26 @@ cement capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology cement capture,heat-output,1.55,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln,2020.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,investment,2587727.173,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 247 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 842000 t/year",2019.0 +cement carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +cement dry clinker,FOM,4.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,VOM,5.2911,EUR/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,electricity-input,0.0694,MWh_el/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.25 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,gas-input,0.0002,MWh_NG/t_clinker,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 0.0058 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,heat-input,0.9444,MWh_th/t_CO2,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original values 3.4 PJ per Mt clinker,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,investment,1158752.6816,EUR/t_clinker/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 125 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement dry clinker,lifetime,30.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `IND` (ICMDRYPRD01, ICM.Dry Process Production.01) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,FOM,30.0,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,VOM,3.1747,EUR/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",,2015.0 +cement finishing,clinker-input,0.656,t_cl/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,electricity-input,0.1736,MWh_el/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer) with original value 0.6251 PJ per Mt cement.,2015.0 +cement finishing,investment,92700.2145,EUR/t_cement/h,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Original value 10 EUR/t/year,2015.0 +cement finishing,lifetime,25.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 +cement finishing,slag-input,0.194,t_slag/t_cement,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND_Trans.xlsx`, Sheet `IND_Trans` (ICMFINPRO01, Cement finishing) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Based on inputs for DE (major EU producer),2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.3504,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M",2015.0 central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency, net, name plate",2015.0 @@ -674,14 +775,10 @@ central gas boiler,VOM,2.3281,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technolog central gas boiler,efficiency,0.94,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","44 Natural Gas DH Only: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 central gas boiler,investment,264.5554,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Nominal investment,2015.0 central gas boiler,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",44 Natural Gas DH Only: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.9464,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,VOM,7.0303,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,investment,2225.2324,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,FOM,2.1295,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,VOM,7.0303,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,investment,988.9151,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 -central geothermal-sourced heat pump,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.a Geothermal DH, 1200m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,FOM,0.5662,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Fixed O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,VOM,4.8936,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Variable O&M",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,investment,3943.44,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Nominal investment",2015.0 +central geothermal heat source,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","45.1.b Geothermal DH, 2000m, E: Technical lifetime",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.375,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Fixed O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,VOM,0.3175,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Variable O&M",2015.0 central ground-sourced heat pump,efficiency,1.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Absorption heat pump, DH: Total efficiency , net, annual average",2015.0 @@ -725,18 +822,23 @@ central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency,0.24,per unit,"Danish Energy central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,efficiency-heat,0.48,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,investment,4585.8025,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Nominal investment ",2015.0 central solid biomass CHP powerboost CC,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09a Wood Chips, Large 50 degree: Technical lifetime",2015.0 -central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water pit storage,FOM,0.551,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,150.0,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water pit storage,investment,0.5761,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water pit storage,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 -central water tank storage,FOM,0.4175,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.434,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -central water tank storage,investment,8.4498,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -central water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +central water pit charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Bottom storage temperature,35.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical bottom storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,FOM,0.2354,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +central water pit storage,Top storage temperature,90.0,⁰C,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Typical max. storage temperature,2020.0 +central water pit storage,energy to power ratio,22.5,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water pit storage,investment,1.0622,EUR/kWh Capacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water pit storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water pit storage,standing losses,0.0097,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",140 PTES seasonal: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 +central water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +central water tank storage,energy to power ratio,59.434,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +central water tank storage,investment,8.177,EUR/kWhCapacity,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +central water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +central water tank storage,standing losses,0.0101,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +central water tank storage,temperature difference,60.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",141 Large hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 clean water tank storage,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,investment,69.1286,EUR/m^3-H2O,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",,2013.0 clean water tank storage,lifetime,30.0,years,"Caldera et al 2016: Local cost of seawater RO desalination based on solar PV and windenergy: A global estimate. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.004), Table 1.",, @@ -790,14 +892,16 @@ decentral solar thermal,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015. decentral solar thermal,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,investment,285719.8393,EUR/1000m2,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 decentral solar thermal,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2015.0 -decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2015.0 +decentral water tank charger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Charger efficiency,2020.0 +decentral water tank discharger,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Discharger efficiency,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2699,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,VOM,1.2289,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Variable O&M,2020.0 decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.475,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,investment,137.5688,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2015.0 -decentral water tank storage,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +decentral water tank storage,energy to power ratio,0.475,h,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Ratio between energy storage and input capacity,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,investment,133.127,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Specific investment,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,lifetime,15.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,standing losses,1.0,%/hour,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Energy losses during storage,2020.0 +decentral water tank storage,temperature difference,60.0,"hot/cold, K","Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",142 Small scale hot water tank: Typical temperature difference,2020.0 digestible biomass,fuel,17.0611,EUR/MWh_th,"JRC ENSPRESO ca avg for MINBIOAGRW1, ENS_Ref for 2040",,2010.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 digestible biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, @@ -831,21 +935,23 @@ direct firing solid fuels CC,VOM,0.3351,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/te direct firing solid fuels CC,efficiency,1.0,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,investment,221.54,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Nominal investment,2019.0 direct firing solid fuels CC,lifetime,10.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",312.b Direct firing Sold Fuels: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 -direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/capesize-freight-returns-below-operating-expense-levels-but-shipowners-reject-lay-ups/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","5000 USD/d OPEX, exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR; absolute value calculate relative to investment cost.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,capacity,180000.0,t,-,"DWT; corresponds to size of Capesize bulk carriers which have previously docked at the habour in Hamburg, Germany. Short of 200 kt limit for VLBCs.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,investment,40000000.0,EUR,"Based on https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/dry-bulk-carriers-in-high-demand-as-rates-keep-rallying/, accessed: 2022-12-03.","See figure for ‘Dry Bulk Newbuild Prices’, Capesize at end of 2020. Exchange rate: 1.15 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0 dry bulk carrier Capesize,lifetime,25.0,years,"Based on https://mfame.guru/fall-life-expectancy-bulk-carriers/, accessed: 2022-12-03.",Expected lifetime.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 electric arc furnace,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 electric arc furnace,hbi-input,1.0,t_hbi/t_steel,-,Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 electric arc furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,FOM,30.0,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","EAF has high OPEX of 62.99 EUR/year/t_steel, presumably because of electrode corrosion.",2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,electricity-input,0.6395,MWh_el/t_steel,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘EAF’. ,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,hbi-input,0.37,t_hbi/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",Assume HBI instead of scrap as input.Scrap would require higher input (in tonnes) as steel content is lower.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,investment,1839600.0,EUR/t_steel/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",210 EUR/t_steel output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +electric arc furnace with hbi and scrap,scrap-input,0.71,t_scrap/t_steel,"World Steel Association, Fact Sheet – Steel and raw materials: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Fact-sheet-raw-materials-2023-1.pdf, Accessed 2024-04-17.",,2020.0 electric boiler steam,FOM,1.3143,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Fixed O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,VOM,0.7855,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",310.1 Electric boiler steam : Variable O&M,2019.0 electric boiler steam,efficiency,0.98,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","310.1 Electric boiler steam : Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -882,6 +988,21 @@ electrolysis small,efficiency,0.7157,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data electrolysis small,efficiency-heat,0.1099,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: - hereof recoverable for district heating,2020.0 electrolysis small,investment,375.0,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Specific investment,2020.0 electrolysis small,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",86 AEC 10 MW: Technical lifetime of plant,2020.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,FOM,7.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.94,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.12,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,investment,928559.735,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 36 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 342000 t/year",2019.0 +ethanol carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +ethanol from starch crop,FOM,16.4,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,VOM,26.3497,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value 6.93 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,efficiency,0.58,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production. Converted from 0.35 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,investment,603376.8073,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from starch crop,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH101, Ethanol production from starch crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for USA and European production,2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,FOM,19.51,%/year,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original values FIXOM in MEUR/GW divided by INVCOST for the corresponding year",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,VOM,23.1751,EUR/MWh_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production, original value 6.09 MEUR/PJ VAROM",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,efficiency,0.45,p.u.,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for Brazilian production. Converted from 0.292 t_crop/t_eth, LHV_crop = 16.1 GJ/t, LHV_ethanol = 26.7 GJ/t",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,investment,446537.78,EUR/MW_eth,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.","Suited for USA and European production, original value INVCOST in MEUR/GW",2015.0 +ethanol from sugar crops,lifetime,20.0,years,"JRC, 01_JRC-EU-TIMES Full model, https://zenodo.org/records/3544900, file `SubRES_10_TECHS_CHP_SUP_IND.xlsx`, Sheet `SUP` (BCRPETH201, Ethanol production from sugar crops ) and currency year from file `SysSettings.xls`, sheet `Constants`, Attribute `G_Dyear` = 2015.",Suited for Brazilian production,2015.0 fuel cell,FOM,4.4444,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Fixed O&M,2015.0 fuel cell,c_b,1.25,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Cb coefficient,2015.0 fuel cell,efficiency,0.46,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","12 LT-PEMFC CHP: Electricity efficiency, annual average",2015.0 @@ -895,11 +1016,11 @@ gas boiler steam,VOM,1.007,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data gas boiler steam,efficiency,0.89,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 gas boiler steam,investment,45.7727,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Nominal investment,2019.0 gas boiler steam,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",311.1c Steam boiler Gas: Technical lifetime,2019.0 -gas storage,FOM,3.5919,%,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Operation and Maintenance, salt cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Establishment of one cavern (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0 -gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 -gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0 +gas storage,FOM,0.5368,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +gas storage,investment,0.2366,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",150 Underground Storage of Gas: Specific investment,2020.0 +gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"150 Underground Storage of Gas: estimation: most underground storage are already built, they do have a long lifetime",2020.0 +gas storage charger,investment,15.2479,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 +gas storage discharger,investment,5.0826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",,2020.0 geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0 geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0 geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0 @@ -909,16 +1030,23 @@ helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 helmeth,lifetime,25.0,years,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 -home battery inverter,FOM,0.1059,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2015.0 -home battery inverter,investment,786.4098,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -home battery storage,investment,396.845,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2015.0 -home battery storage,lifetime,15.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +home battery inverter,FOM,0.216,%/year,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +home battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC,2020.0 +home battery inverter,investment,387.3814,EUR/kW,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery inverter,lifetime,10.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx, Note K.",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +home battery storage,investment,270.9904,EUR/kWh,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Energy storage expansion cost investment,2020.0 +home battery storage,lifetime,15.0,years,"Global Energy System based on 100% Renewable Energy, Energywatchgroup/LTU University, 2019, Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Technical lifetime,2020.0 hydro,FOM,1.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 hydro,investment,2274.8177,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0 hydro,lifetime,80.0,years,IEA2010, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","55.28 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ OPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15).",,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,electricity-input,1.03,MWh_el/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03).",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ reduced by electricity demand of process ‘EAF’.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,hydrogen-input,2.1,MWh_H2/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2022-12-05). ","63 kg H2/t steel for process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’ according to documentation (raw input files for MPP model list 73 kg H2 / t steel, which seems to high and is probably incorrect).",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +hydrogen direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2022-12-03). ",Based on process ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,compression-electricity-input,0.05,MWh_el/MWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.",1.707 kWh/kg.,2020.0 hydrogen storage compressor,investment,87.69,EUR/kW_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.4.","2923 EUR/kg_H2. For a 206 kg/h compressor. Base CAPEX 40 528 EUR/kW_el with scale factor 0.4603. kg_H2 converted to MWh using LHV. Pressure range: 30 bar in, 250 bar out.",2020.0 @@ -927,13 +1055,13 @@ hydrogen storage tank type 1,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): http hydrogen storage tank type 1,investment,13.5,EUR/kWh_H2,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.","450 EUR/kg_H2 converted with LHV to MWh. For a type 1 hydrogen storage tank (steel, 15-250 bar). Currency year assumed 2020 for initial publication of reference; observe note in SI.4.3 that no currency year is explicitly stated in the reference.",2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,lifetime,20.0,years,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 hydrogen storage tank type 1,min_fill_level,6.0,%,"Based on Stöckl et al (2021): https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.03464, table SI.9.",-,2020.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2766,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,37.3023,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.0582,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2015.0 -hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,FOM,1.2766,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,investment,37.4848,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage tank type 1 including compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151a Hydrogen Storage - Tanks: Technical lifetime,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Fixed O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.0634,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment,2020.0 +hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime,2020.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,FOM,0.0857,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Fixed O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,VOM,3.1418,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Variable O&M,2019.0 industrial heat pump high temperature,efficiency,3.05,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.b High temp. hp Up to 150: Total efficiency, net, annual average",2019.0 @@ -993,6 +1121,12 @@ micro CHP,efficiency,0.31,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydataf micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net",2015.0 micro CHP,investment,9584.3155,EUR/kW_th,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Specific investment,2015.0 micro CHP,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Technical lifetime,2015.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,FOM,11.3,%/year,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,economic_lifetime,20.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2022-12-05.",MPP steel model distinguishes between plant lifetime (40 years) and investment cycle (20 years). Choose plant lifetime.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,gas-input,2.78,MWh_NG/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model Documentation (https://mpp.gitbook.io/mpp-steel-model/model-overview/model-components/technologies, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",Original value 10 GJ/t_DRI.,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,investment,4277858.0,EUR/t_HBI/h,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.","488.34 EUR/t_HBI output/a. MPP steel tool uses CAPEX/OPEX for technology ‘DRI-EAF_100% green H2’, substract ‘EAF’ CAPEX here to estimate DRI furnace cost.",2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,lifetime,40.0,years,"Model assumptions from MPP Steel Transition Tool: https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/CAPEX%20OPEX%20Per%20Technology.xlsx, accessed: 2025-04-15.",,2020.0 +natural gas direct iron reduction furnace,ore-input,1.59,t_ore/t_hbi,"Mission Possible Partnership (2022): Steel Model (https://github.com/missionpossiblepartnership/mpp-steel-model/blob/9eca52db92bd2d9715f30e98ccaaf36677fdb516/mppsteel/data/import_data/Technology%20Business%20Cases.csv, accessed: 2025-04-15). ",, nuclear,FOM,1.27,%/year,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (131.5+152.75)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) relative to investment costs.",2023.0 nuclear,VOM,3.5464,EUR/MWh_e,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","U.S. specific costs including newly commissioned Vogtle plant, average of range and currency converted, i.e. (4.25+5)/2 USD/kW_e / (1.09 USD/EUR) .",2023.0 nuclear,efficiency,0.326,p.u.,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on heat rate of 10.45 MMBtu/MWh_e and 3.4095 MMBtu/MWh_th, i.e. 1/(10.45/3.4095) = 0.3260.",2023.0 @@ -1077,6 +1211,12 @@ solid biomass to hydrogen,FOM,4.25,%/year,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NO solid biomass to hydrogen,capture rate,0.9,per unit,Assumption based on doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.01.006,, solid biomass to hydrogen,efficiency,0.56,per unit,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",, solid biomass to hydrogen,investment,2648.1996,EUR/kW_th,"Zech et.al. DBFZ Report Nr. 19. Hy-NOW - Evaluierung der Verfahren und Technologien für die Bereitstellung von Wasserstoff auf Basis von Biomasse, DBFZ, 2014",,2014.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,FOM,5.0,%/year,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-16, accessed 2025-04-16",CO2 volume captured / (Stream flowrate * Max. capacity utilization * CO2 in exhaust * 8760),2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,electricity-input,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,gas-input,0.76,MWh/tCO2,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-20, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,investment,3561435.753,USD/(tCO2/h),"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-18, accessed 2025-04-16","Capital cost 1342 million USD, CO2 Volume captured 3324000 t/year",2019.0 +steel carbon capture retrofit,lifetime,20.0,years,"National Petroleum Council, Meeting the Dual Challenge - A Roadmap to At-Scale Deployment of Carbon Capture, Use, and Storage: https://dualchallenge.npc.org/files/CCUS-Chap_2-030521.pdf, p2-21, accessed 2025-04-16",,2019.0 uranium,fuel,3.4122,EUR/MWh_th,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.,2010.0 waste CHP,FOM,2.2977,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Fixed O&M",2015.0 waste CHP,VOM,34.0229,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","08 WtE CHP, Large, 50 degree: Variable O&M ",2015.0