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LANGUAGE_ARCHITECTURE_AUDIT.md

Architecture audit for QuantoScript v0.1.0 — evidence-based findings.

1. Type System Status

Function Parameters (WORKS)

func add(a:int, b:int) {
    return a + b
}
print(add(3, 4))  # 7
add("hello", 4)   # SyntaxError: argument 'a' has the wrong type

Union Types (WORKS)

func concat(x:int|string, y:int|string) {
    return str(x) + str(y)
}
print(concat(1, 2))      # 12
print(concat("a", "b"))  # ab

Nullable Types (WORKS)

func test(x:int|null) {
    return x
}
print(test(42))    # 42
print(test(null))  # null

Class Method Parameters (WORKS — Same Parser)

class Foo {
    init(x:int) {
        self.x = x
    }
}
f = Foo(42)      # Works
Foo("hello")     # SyntaxError: argument 'x' has the wrong type

Supported Type Annotations

Annotation Matches
int, integer VALUE_INTEGER
float, double, number VALUE_FLOAT, VALUE_INTEGER
string, str VALUE_STRING
bool, boolean VALUE_BOOL
list VALUE_LIST
map, dict VALUE_DICT
null VALUE_NULL
any (default) Everything
type1|type2 Union of types

Class Parity Status

Feature Functions Methods Parity?
Parameter types Yes Yes EQUAL
Union types Yes Yes EQUAL
Nullable types Yes Yes EQUAL
Type error messages Yes Yes EQUAL
Return type annotations Not implemented Not implemented EQUAL (both missing)
Field declarations (var x:int) N/A Not implemented N/A
Assignment type validation Not implemented Not implemented EQUAL (both missing)

Conclusion: Functions and methods share the exact same type infrastructure. The only missing features (return types, field declarations, assignment validation) are new language features that affect both equally.

2. Stdlib Isolation Status

Architecture

User Code
    ↓ (can call)
Public Stdlib API (run, capture, cwd, chdir, exists)
    ↓ (can call)
Internal sys_* Functions (sys_run, sys_capture, sys_cwd, ...)
    ↓ (can call)
C Runtime (system(), popen(), getcwd(), chdir())

Security Boundary

Test Result
sys_http_get("url") from user code BLOCKED (SyntaxError: unknown function)
sys_cwd() from user code BLOCKED
sys_run("cmd") from user code BLOCKED
sys_capture("cmd") from user code BLOCKED
from "stdlib/os.qs" import run WORKS
run("echo hi") via stdlib WORKS
from "stdlib/time.qs" import now WORKS
now() via stdlib WORKS

Implementation

  • g_module_mode flag: Set to 1 during import_from_module(), cleared after
  • g_native_access_depth: Set to 1 when calling functions from stdlib-defined code
  • call_builtin() gate: sys_* names require g_native_access_depth > 0 OR g_module_mode > 0
  • User code gets SyntaxError: unknown function 'sys_xxx' for internal functions

3. Dependency Status

Dependency Build Runtime Status
OpenSSL Required Required Always linked
Python Optional Requires -DQS_PYTHON Not functional by default
pthread Linux only Required Linked on Linux
WinSock2 Windows only Required Linked on Windows

4. Build Status

Platform Compiler Status
Windows (MSYS2) GCC 13.2.0 PASS
Linux (WSL Ubuntu 24.04) GCC 13.3.0 PASS

5. Known Limitations

  1. Closures with captured variables — inner functions return null
  2. Class method bodies — must use multi-line syntax
  3. Return type annotations — not implemented (use comments for documentation)
  4. Field type declarations — fields are created dynamically via self.field = value
  5. Assignment type validation — types checked only at function call boundaries
  6. Python embedding — not functional by default
  7. Async/await — task queue exists but broken (hangs, crashes)
  8. Native compiler — only integer arithmetic workloads