fix typos in interoception blog

Author: RoisinSharma

content/post/2025-12-20-Interoception/index.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Hello👋! We are [Róisín](https://realitybending.github.io/authors/roisin-sha
 
 **Interoception**, essentially referring to one's sensation of their internal body, is a fundamental phenomenon that we rely on in everyday life, and recent research highlights it as a trans-diagnostic underpinning of a variety of somatic and psychological difficulties. 
 
-**While we know interoception is very important, the specifics are still being worked out**. Debates continue on what the exactly interoceptions is, is not, and what it encompasses in terms of modalities or processes. Is it limited to visceral sensations (i.e., from internal organs)? Does it include proprioception (i.e., body position sense)? Pain? What about tactile sensations (i.e., touch and skin)? Does it include the interaction with higher-order processes like attention and beliefs? 
+**While we know interoception is very important, the specifics are still being worked out**. Debates continue on what exactly interoception is, is not, and what it encompasses in terms of modalities or processes. Is it limited to visceral sensations (i.e., from internal organs)? Does it include proprioception (i.e., body position sense)? Pain? What about tactile sensations (i.e., touch and skin)? Does it include the interaction with higher-order processes like attention and beliefs? 
 
 
 This chaotic and moving landscape has been accompanied by the development and repurposing of different interoception (and interoception-adjacent) questionnaires, each with their own philosophies and approach. Carefully choosing a good measure of interoception is crucial to avoid adding to the [**jingle-jangle fallacy**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jingle-jangle_fallacies) plaguing the field, in which discrepancies and contradictions of results *"related to interoception"* are driven by differences in what aspect of it is actually being measured.
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Moreover, unlike *exteroception* (vision, audition, etc.), where researchers can
 
 ### 😨 Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ) 
 
-The **BPQ** is one of the earliest interoception scales, originally built by [Porges in 1993](https://terpconnect.umd.edu/~sporges/body/body.txt). This questionnaire focuses on the autonomic nervous system, involved in stress responses, and thus is mainly concerned with internal sensing when there are problems (e.g., 'tremor in my lips', 'general jitteriness' being two items for body awareness). This makes the scale beneficial in clinical contexts to investigate maladaptive interoception, particularly in patients who have a dysregulated autonomic nervous systems. However, if you are interested in interoception in a wider context, other questionnaires may be more appropriate.
+The **BPQ** is one of the earliest interoception scales, originally built by [Porges in 1993](https://terpconnect.umd.edu/~sporges/body/body.txt). This questionnaire focuses on the autonomic nervous system, involved in stress responses, and thus is mainly concerned with internal sensing when there are problems (e.g., 'tremor in my lips', 'general jitteriness' being two items for body awareness). This makes the scale beneficial in clinical contexts to investigate maladaptive interoception, particularly in patients who have a dysregulated autonomic nervous system. However, if you are interested in interoception in a wider context, other questionnaires may be more appropriate.
 
 
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@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ More recently, the **Interoceptive Accuracy Scale (IAS)** [(Murphy et al., 2019)
 
 The **Multimodal Interoception Questionnaire (Mint;** [**Makowski et al., 2025**](https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8qrht_v1)) is the most recent interoception questionnaire, designed with the intention of addressing the caveats and limitations by building on established measures and synthesising the previous research and advances. Fundamentally, the Mint takes a "**context-by-modality**" approach to item development, encompassing a wide range of (seven) **modalities** of interoceptive experience (cardiac, respiratory, gastric, etc.) and also controlling for the **contexts** in which these may appear (covering negative (*anxious*) and positive (*sexual*) arousal states). The Mint also incorporates both adaptive and maladaptive aspects of interoception (interoceptive confusion), as well as items targeting different levels of processing. 
 
-Importantly, this questionnaire was developed with the aim of addressing some of the methodological shortcomings of previous interoception questionnaires, such as limiting *interpretation Variance*, *state Dependency* (the fact that respondents "anchor" their answers to their current physiological state rather than their general trait), and *recency effects* (recent, salient physical experiences disproportionately influencing scores), in particular by providing a clear contextual reference for each item. The validation study shows displayed strong correlations with the above questionnaires (suggesting that it can be used as a comprehensive replacement), while also demonstrating a superior predictive power for a variety of clinical conditions.
+Importantly, this questionnaire was developed with the aim of addressing some of the methodological shortcomings of previous interoception questionnaires, such as limiting *interpretation Variance*, *state Dependency* (the fact that respondents "anchor" their answers to their current physiological state rather than their general trait), and *recency effects* (recent, salient physical experiences disproportionately influencing scores), in particular by providing a clear contextual reference for each item. The validation study displayed shows strong correlations with the above questionnaires (suggesting that it can be used as a comprehensive replacement), while also demonstrating a superior predictive power for a variety of clinical conditions.