testsuite: added a test for symlinks to the same dir

when a symlink is to the same directory as the source then it can be
considered unsafe if it goes via a path outside the directory.

This came up on the mailing list, added a test to make the case clear

Author: tridge

testsuite/safe-links-absolute-intree_test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Absolute symlink that *resolves inside* the copied tree, under --safe-links.
+#
+# This is the case that surprises users: a symlink and its referent live in
+# the same source directory, so the link "obviously" stays inside the transfer
+# -- yet --safe-links still drops it.  The reason is that rsync classifies a
+# link's safety from the *literal text* of its target, never by resolving it.
+# An absolute target (one starting with '/') is unconditionally "unsafe",
+# regardless of where it actually points.  See unsafe_symlink() in util1.c
+# ("all absolute and null symlinks are unsafe") and the SYMBOLIC LINKS section
+# of the man page ("considered unsafe if they are absolute symlinks").
+#
+# The same link written as a *relative* path is safe and survives, which is
+# the recommended fix.
+
+import os
+
+from rsyncfns import (
+    TMPDIR, is_a_link, run_rsync, test_fail,
+)
+
+
+def assert_symlink(path, target):
+    if not is_a_link(path):
+        test_fail(f"File {path} is not a symlink")
+    actual = os.readlink(path)
+    if actual != target:
+        test_fail(f"symlink {path} target is {actual!r}, expected {target!r}")
+
+
+def assert_notexist(path):
+    # os.path.exists() follows the link, so a dropped link reads as "missing";
+    # islink() catches a link that was copied verbatim but left dangling.
+    if os.path.exists(path) or os.path.islink(path):
+        test_fail(f"File {path} unexpectedly exists")
+
+
+def assert_regular_file(path):
+    if is_a_link(path):
+        test_fail(f"File {path} is a symlink, expected a regular file")
+    if not os.path.isfile(path):
+        test_fail(f"File {path} is not a regular file")
+
+
+os.chdir(TMPDIR)
+
+os.mkdir("from")
+with open("from/linked_file", "w") as f:
+    f.write("payload\n")
+
+# Both links point at the very same in-tree file; only the spelling differs.
+abs_target = os.path.abspath("from/linked_file")
+os.symlink(abs_target, "from/abs_link")      # absolute -> always "unsafe"
+os.symlink("linked_file", "from/rel_link")   # relative, same dir -> "safe"
+
+# Sanity: the absolute link really does resolve to the in-tree file.
+if os.path.realpath("from/abs_link") != os.path.realpath("from/linked_file"):
+    test_fail("test setup: abs_link does not resolve to linked_file")
+
+# --- 1. Baseline: plain -a (no --safe-links) keeps the absolute link as-is. --
+print("baseline: -a without --safe-links preserves the absolute symlink")
+run_rsync('-a', 'from/', 'to-plain')
+assert_symlink("to-plain/abs_link", abs_target)
+assert_symlink("to-plain/rel_link", "linked_file")
+
+# --- 2. --safe-links drops the absolute link though it resolves in-tree. -----
+print("--safe-links drops the in-tree-resolving absolute symlink")
+proc = run_rsync('-av', '--safe-links', 'from/', 'to-safe',
+                 capture_output=True)
+out = proc.stdout + proc.stderr
+if 'ignoring unsafe symlink' not in out:
+    test_fail(f"expected 'ignoring unsafe symlink' message, got:\n{out}")
+
+# The absolute link is omitted entirely -- NOT replaced by its target file.
+assert_notexist("to-safe/abs_link")
+# The relative link to the same file survives untouched.
+assert_symlink("to-safe/rel_link", "linked_file")
+# The referent itself is still copied normally.
+assert_regular_file("to-safe/linked_file")
+
+# --- 3. The fix paths. -------------------------------------------------------
+# --copy-unsafe-links turns the unsafe (absolute) link into a real file copy.
+print("--copy-unsafe-links materialises the absolute link as a file")
+run_rsync('-a', '--copy-unsafe-links', 'from/', 'to-copy')
+assert_regular_file("to-copy/abs_link")
+assert_symlink("to-copy/rel_link", "linked_file")