Merge branch 'trunk' into improve_docs

Author: rpallavisharma

examples/python/requirements.txt

@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ trio==0.31.0
 pytest-trio==0.8.0
 pytest-rerunfailures==16.1
 flake8==7.3.0
-requests==2.32.5
+requests==2.33.0
 tox==4.32.0
 pytest-xdist==3.8.0

examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py

@@ -1,2 +1,58 @@
+import pytest
 from selenium import webdriver
+from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
+from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
+from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
 
+url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/window_switching_tests/page_with_frame.html"
+
+@pytest.fixture()
+def driver():
+    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
+    yield driver
+    driver.quit()
+
+def test_current_window_handle(driver):
+    driver.get(url)
+    current_handle = driver.current_window_handle
+    assert current_handle is not None
+
+
+def test_switch_to_window(driver):
+    driver.get(url)
+    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
+
+    original_window_handle = driver.current_window_handle
+
+    driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "Open new window").click()
+    wait.until(EC.number_of_windows_to_be(2))
+
+    new_window_handle = (set(driver.window_handles) - {original_window_handle}).pop()
+    driver.switch_to.window(new_window_handle)
+    assert driver.current_window_handle == new_window_handle
+
+def test_close_window(driver):
+    driver.get(url)
+    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
+
+    original_window_handle = driver.current_window_handle
+
+    driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "Open new window").click()
+    wait.until(EC.number_of_windows_to_be(2))
+
+    new_window_handle = (set(driver.window_handles) - {original_window_handle}).pop()
+    driver.switch_to.window(new_window_handle)
+
+    driver.close()
+    driver.switch_to.window(original_window_handle)
+
+    assert driver.current_window_handle == original_window_handle
+    assert len(driver.window_handles) == 1
+
+def test_create_new_window(driver):
+    # Opens a new tab and switches to new tab
+    driver.switch_to.new_window('tab')
+    assert driver.title == ""
+    # Opens a new window and switches to new window
+    driver.switch_to.new_window('window')
+    assert driver.title == ""

website_and_docs/content/blog/2026/dotnet-strong-name-signing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+title: ".NET Assemblies Are Now Strongly Signed"
+linkTitle: ".NET Assemblies Are Now Strongly Signed"
+date: 2026-04-27
+tags: ["selenium", "dotnet"]
+categories: ["general"]
+author: Nikolay Borisenko [@nvborisenko](https://github.com/nvborisenko)
+description: >
+  Starting with Selenium 4.44, the main NuGet packages ship strongly signed assemblies. The separate StrongNamed packages are retired.
+---
+
+Starting with **Selenium 4.44**, the `Selenium.WebDriver` and `Selenium.Support` NuGet packages ship **strongly signed assemblies**. The separate `Selenium.WebDriver.StrongNamed` and `Selenium.Support.StrongNamed` packages are discontinued.
+
+## Why This Matters
+
+Without strong naming on the official packages, any project that itself needed to be strongly signed could not reference Selenium from NuGet. Teams were forced to either forgo strong naming, bundle out-of-band downloads, or use the separate `StrongNamed` packages with a different assembly name — all of which caused friction, especially in enterprise environments.
+
+## What Changed
+
+- `Selenium.WebDriver` and `Selenium.Support` are now strongly signed.
+  Assembly names change: `WebDriver` → `Selenium.WebDriver`, `WebDriver.Support` → `Selenium.Support`.
+- `AssemblyVersion` stays at `4.0.0.0` (major-only) — no binding redirects needed between `4.x` releases.
+- `Selenium.WebDriver.StrongNamed` and `Selenium.Support.StrongNamed` are **retired**.
+
+## Breaking Changes
+
+If you reference the `StrongNamed` packages, migrate as follows:
+
+1. Replace `Selenium.WebDriver.StrongNamed` → `Selenium.WebDriver`
+2. Replace `Selenium.Support.StrongNamed` → `Selenium.Support`
+3. Update assembly references: `WebDriver.StrongNamed` → `Selenium.WebDriver`, `WebDriver.Support.StrongNamed` → `Selenium.Support`
+
+If you use the regular packages — the assemblies are now signed but the assembly names change (`WebDriver.dll` → `Selenium.WebDriver.dll`, `WebDriver.Support.dll` → `Selenium.Support.dll`), so update any explicit assembly references accordingly. The public API is unchanged.
+
+## Related Issues
+
+- [#12315](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/12315) — Publish StrongNamed builds to NuGet feed
+- [#10845](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/10845) — Revisiting strong-named assemblies for NuGet
+- [#14115](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/14115) — Strong Name Key
+
+Implementation: [#17397](https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/pull/17397)

website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/interactions/windows.en.md

@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ current window by using:
 {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L16-L20" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}driver.current_window_handle{{< /tab >}}
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L16-L18" >}}
+  {{< /tab >}}
   {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
   {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Interactions/WindowsTest.cs#L17-L21" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
@@ -46,38 +48,8 @@ window is launched. So first position will be default browser, and so on.
   {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L22-L29" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-from selenium import webdriver
-from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
-from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
-
-with webdriver.Firefox() as driver:
-    # Open URL
-    driver.get("https://seleniumhq.github.io")
-
-    # Setup wait for later
-    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
-
-    # Store the ID of the original window
-    original_window = driver.current_window_handle
-
-    # Check we don't have other windows open already
-    assert len(driver.window_handles) == 1
-
-    # Click the link which opens in a new window
-    driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "new window").click()
-
-    # Wait for the new window or tab
-    wait.until(EC.number_of_windows_to_be(2))
-
-    # Loop through until we find a new window handle
-    for window_handle in driver.window_handles:
-        if window_handle != original_window:
-            driver.switch_to.window(window_handle)
-            break
-
-    # Wait for the new tab to finish loading content
-    wait.until(EC.title_is("SeleniumHQ Browser Automation"))
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L22-L32" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
   {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -176,12 +148,8 @@ handle stored in a variable. Put this together and you will get:
  {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L31-L34" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-    #Close the tab or window
-driver.close()
-
-    #Switch back to the old tab or window
-driver.switch_to.window(original_window)
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L46-L46" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
     {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -230,12 +198,8 @@ __Note: This feature works with Selenium 4 and later versions.__
    {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L36-L42" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-    # Opens a new tab and switches to new tab
-driver.switch_to.new_window('tab')
-
-    # Opens a new window and switches to new window
-driver.switch_to.new_window('window')
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L53-L58" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
 
@@ -278,7 +242,9 @@ instead of close:
      {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L44-L45" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}driver.quit(){{< /tab >}}
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L13-L13" >}}
+{{< /tab >}}
 
   {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
   {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Interactions/WindowsTest.cs#L45-L46" >}}

website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/interactions/windows.ja.md

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ WebDriverは、ウィンドウとタブを区別しません。
   {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L16-L20" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}driver.current_window_handle{{< /tab >}}
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L16-L18" >}}
+{{< /tab >}}
     {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
   {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Interactions/WindowsTest.cs#L17-L21" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
@@ -41,39 +43,8 @@ WebDriverは、ウィンドウとタブを区別しません。
   {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L22-L29" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-from selenium import webdriver
-from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
-from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
-
-    # Start the driver
-with webdriver.Firefox() as driver:
-    # Open URL
-    driver.get("https://seleniumhq.github.io")
-
-    # Setup wait for later
-    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
-
-    # Store the ID of the original window
-    original_window = driver.current_window_handle
-
-    # Check we don't have other windows open already
-    assert len(driver.window_handles) == 1
-
-    # Click the link which opens in a new window
-    driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "new window").click()
-
-    # Wait for the new window or tab
-    wait.until(EC.number_of_windows_to_be(2))
-
-    # Loop through until we find a new window handle
-    for window_handle in driver.window_handles:
-        if window_handle != original_window:
-            driver.switch_to.window(window_handle)
-            break
-
-    # Wait for the new tab to finish loading content
-    wait.until(EC.title_is("SeleniumHQ Browser Automation"))
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L22-L32" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
     {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -169,12 +140,8 @@ wait.until(titleIs("Selenium documentation"))
  {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L31-L34" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-    #Close the tab or window
-driver.close()
-
-    #Switch back to the old tab or window
-driver.switch_to.window(original_window)
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L46-L46" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
    {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -220,12 +187,8 @@ __注意: この機能は、Selenium 4以降のバージョンで機能します
    {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L36-L42" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-    # Opens a new tab and switches to new tab
-driver.switch_to.new_window('tab')
-
-    # Opens a new window and switches to new window
-driver.switch_to.new_window('window')
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L53-L58" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
   {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -268,7 +231,9 @@ driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW)
  {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L44-L45" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}driver.quit(){{< /tab >}}
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L13-L13" >}}
+{{< /tab >}}
   {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
   {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Interactions/WindowsTest.cs#L45-L46" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}

website_and_docs/content/documentation/webdriver/interactions/windows.pt-br.md

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ persistente em uma única sessão. Você pode pegar o identificador atual usando
     {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L16-L20" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}driver.current_window_handle{{< /tab >}}
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L16-L18" >}}
+{{< /tab >}}
      {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
   {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Interactions/WindowsTest.cs#L17-L21" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
@@ -47,39 +49,8 @@ que cria uma nova guia (ou) nova janela e muda automaticamente para ela.
    {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L22-L29" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-from selenium import webdriver
-from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
-from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
-
-    # Start the driver
-with webdriver.Firefox() as driver:
-    # Open URL
-    driver.get("https://seleniumhq.github.io")
-
-    # Setup wait for later
-    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
-
-    # Store the ID of the original window
-    original_window = driver.current_window_handle
-
-    # Check we don't have other windows open already
-    assert len(driver.window_handles) == 1
-
-    # Click the link which opens in a new window
-    driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "new window").click()
-
-    # Wait for the new window or tab
-    wait.until(EC.number_of_windows_to_be(2))
-
-    # Loop through until we find a new window handle
-    for window_handle in driver.window_handles:
-        if window_handle != original_window:
-            driver.switch_to.window(window_handle)
-            break
-
-    # Wait for the new tab to finish loading content
-    wait.until(EC.title_is("SeleniumHQ Browser Automation"))
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L22-L32" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
     {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -178,12 +149,8 @@ anterior armazenado em uma variável. Junte isso e você obterá:
  {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L31-L34" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-    #Close the tab or window
-driver.close()
-
-    #Switch back to the old tab or window
-driver.switch_to.window(original_window)
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L46-L46" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
    {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -230,12 +197,8 @@ __Nota: este recurso funciona com Selenium 4 e versões posteriores.__
   {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}}
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L36-L42" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}
-    # Opens a new tab and switches to new tab
-driver.switch_to.new_window('tab')
-
-    # Opens a new window and switches to new window
-driver.switch_to.new_window('window')
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L53-L58" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}
 
   {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
@@ -279,7 +242,9 @@ em vez de fechar:
 {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/WindowsTest.java#L44-L45" >}}
 {{< /tab >}}
 
-  {{< tab header="Python" >}}driver.quit(){{< /tab >}}
+  {{< tab header="Python" text=true >}}
+{{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_windows.py#L13-L13" >}}
+{{< /tab >}}
   {{< tab header="CSharp" text=true >}}
   {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Interactions/WindowsTest.cs#L45-L46" >}}
   {{< /tab >}}