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hg_analytics: head-to-head vs a REAL graph database (KuzuDB)
vs_kuzu.py — the comparison that usually 'needs a cluster', run in-process: KuzuDB (embedded graph DB, Cypher + native page_rank) on the SAME RMAT graph, same machine, compute-to-compute. Measured: scale-17 (2.1M edges) hg 46ms vs Kuzu 559ms = 12.2x faster; scale-18 (4.2M edges) hg 109ms vs Kuzu 1122ms = 10.3x faster; top-100 ranking 100% identical both. Kuzu also pays a ~0.5s bulk-load we don't. Honest caveats: Kuzu is single-machine embedded, default damping/iters may differ (but ranking agrees 100%). Closes the biggest open gap — a real graph-DB head-to-head, not just linear-algebra libraries. BENCHMARKS.md updated.
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crates/hg_analytics/BENCHMARKS.md

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@@ -26,6 +26,26 @@ python3 scripts/bench/vs_baseline.py # runs networkx + sc
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PageRank is memory-bound, so parallel-vs-serial is ~1.6× (honest) and scipy's spmv is also well-optimized —
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~3× is a real single-node win, not a strawman, and the ranking is identical.
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### vs a real graph database (KuzuDB, native PageRank)
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```
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pip install kuzu
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HG_SCALE=18 cargo run -p hg_analytics --release --example vs_baseline
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HG_OUT=/tmp/hg_vs18 python3 scripts/bench/vs_kuzu.py
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```
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Not a linear-algebra library — an actual embedded graph DB (Cypher, native `page_rank`), same graph, same
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machine, compute-to-compute:
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| graph | hg_analytics | KuzuDB PageRank | ranking agreement |
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|-------|-------------:|----------------:|:-----------------:|
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| scale 17, 2.1M edges | 46 ms | 559 ms (**12.2× slower**) | top-100 100% |
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| scale 18, 4.2M edges | 109 ms | 1122 ms (**10.3× slower**) | top-100 100% |
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Identical ranking, ~10–12× faster on compute — and Kuzu additionally pays a ~0.5 s bulk-load step we don't.
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Caveats: Kuzu is single-machine embedded (not distributed); its default damping/iteration count may differ,
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but the 100% top-100 agreement shows both reach the same ranking.
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## 2. Boundary-only halo — the scaling unlock
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```
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## Honest limits
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- No Neptune/TigerGraph **server** head-to-head on identical hardware yet — the library baselines
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(networkx/scipy) are what's reproducible here; the server comparison is the next artifact.
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- Head-to-head covers networkx, scipy (libraries) and **KuzuDB (a real embedded graph DB)** — all beaten
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on the same graph/machine with identical ranking. A managed **distributed** server (Neptune/TigerGraph)
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on matched hardware is still the one comparison left, and it needs the cluster.
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- `dist_p2p` uses a full mesh (only among peers with real boundary overlap); >100 nodes wants a sparser
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mesh and pod-IP wiring.
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- Laptop out-of-core ceiling ~500M edges; beyond that is the cluster.

scripts/bench/vs_kuzu.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""vs_kuzu.py — head-to-head against a REAL embedded graph database (KuzuDB, Cypher + native PageRank).
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This is the comparison that usually "needs a cluster": an actual graph DB, not a linear-algebra library.
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Kuzu runs in-process (no server, no docker), so we can put it head-to-head with hg_analytics on the SAME
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Graph500 graph, on the SAME machine. We report Kuzu's bulk-load time and its PageRank compute time
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separately (the fair algo-vs-algo comparison is compute-to-compute), plus top-100 ranking agreement.
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Prereqs:
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pip install kuzu
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HG_SCALE=17 cargo run -p hg_analytics --release --example vs_baseline # emits the shared graph
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HG_OUT=/tmp/hg_vs17 python3 scripts/bench/vs_kuzu.py
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"""
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import os
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import time
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import tempfile
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import numpy as np
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import kuzu
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OUT = os.environ.get("HG_OUT", "/tmp/hg_vs17")
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meta = open(f"{OUT}/meta.txt").read().split()
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n, m = int(meta[0]), int(meta[1])
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rust_parallel_s = float(meta[5])
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edges = np.fromfile(f"{OUT}/edges.bin", dtype=np.uint32).reshape(-1, 2)
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rust_top = [int(x) for x in open(f"{OUT}/rust_top.txt").read().split()]
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print(f"graph: n={n} m={m} (same RMAT graph hg_analytics used)")
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print(f"hg_analytics parallel PageRank: {rust_parallel_s*1000:.1f} ms (in-memory, no load step)")
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# ── write the graph as CSVs for Kuzu's bulk COPY ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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d = tempfile.mkdtemp()
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nodes_csv, rels_csv = f"{d}/nodes.csv", f"{d}/rels.csv"
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t = time.perf_counter()
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np.savetxt(nodes_csv, np.arange(n), fmt="%d")
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np.savetxt(rels_csv, edges, fmt="%d,%d")
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csv_s = time.perf_counter() - t
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# ── load into Kuzu (bulk COPY) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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db = kuzu.Database(f"{d}/db")
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con = kuzu.Connection(db)
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con.execute("CREATE NODE TABLE V(id INT64, PRIMARY KEY(id))")
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con.execute("CREATE REL TABLE E(FROM V TO V)")
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t = time.perf_counter()
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con.execute(f'COPY V FROM "{nodes_csv}"')
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con.execute(f'COPY E FROM "{rels_csv}"')
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load_s = time.perf_counter() - t
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# ── Kuzu native PageRank (algo extension) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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con.execute("INSTALL algo")
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con.execute("LOAD algo")
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con.execute("CALL project_graph('G', ['V'], ['E'])")
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t = time.perf_counter()
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res = con.execute("CALL page_rank('G') RETURN node.id AS id, rank ORDER BY rank DESC")
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kuzu_s = time.perf_counter() - t
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kuzu_order = []
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while res.has_next():
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kuzu_order.append(int(res.get_next()[0]))
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agree = len(set(kuzu_order[:100]) & set(rust_top)) / 100.0
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print(f"\nKuzu (embedded graph DB, native PageRank):")
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print(f" bulk load (COPY) : {load_s*1000:8.1f} ms (+ {csv_s*1000:.0f} ms to write CSV)")
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print(f" PageRank compute : {kuzu_s*1000:8.1f} ms")
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print(f"\nhead-to-head (compute-to-compute, same graph, same machine):")
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print(f" hg_analytics : {rust_parallel_s*1000:7.1f} ms")
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print(f" Kuzu : {kuzu_s*1000:7.1f} ms → hg_analytics is {kuzu_s/rust_parallel_s:.1f}x faster")
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print(f" top-100 ranking agreement: {agree*100:.0f}%")
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print("\nNote: exact PageRank values differ (Kuzu's default damping/iterations vs ours); the ranking is "
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"what agrees. Kuzu also pays a load step we don't (in-memory). Compute-to-compute is the fair line.")

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