ODRL-Support.md

ODRL Evaluator Support

Rules

Permission

There is support in the ODRL Evaluator for odrl:Permission rules. This is achieved by checking whether all its properties are satisfied (as elaborated in the ODRL Formal Semantics spec).

The properties of the permission that are evaluated against a request and the state of the world are the following:

• Asset: the odrl:target of the Permission
• Party: the odrl:assignee of the Permission (the recipient)
• Action: the odrl:action of the Permission
• Constraints: the odrl:constraint(s) of the permission.
  • Note: when there are multiple constraints and no logical constraint is provided, it is assumed that odrl:and is expected.

Note that there the permission evaluation does not yet take into account Duty Reports. That is the (pre-)conditions.

Prohibition

There is support in the ODRL Evaluator for odrl:Prohibition rules.

Duty

No support (yet) in the ODRL Evaluator for odrl:Duty rules. Reason being that requests to duties do not seem to make sense. Therefore, we assume that working with duties rely them being part of the State of the World.

Action

Columns of the table elaborated:

• Label: The rdfs:label as defined by ODRL
• Identifier: The ODRL unique identifier for the term
• Normative: Whether it is part of the official standard or not (hint)
• Deprecated: An element that has been outdated by newer constructs (sometimes superseded by newer version).
• Supported: Whether the ODRL Evaluator supports it.
• Included in: Whether the action is encompassed by an other action. Note that this is a transitive property.
  • For more information, checkout ODRL IM §2.4 for odrl:includedIn
• Exact Match: Whether the action has a similar meaning than the other, i.e., it is an exact match (Symmetric and Transitive)
  • For more information, checkout Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) primer §3.1 for skos:ExactMatch

Label	Identifier	Normative	Deprecated	Supported	Included in	Exact Match
Attribution	cc:Attribution	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Commercial Use	cc:CommercialUse	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Derivative Works	cc:DerivativeWorks	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Distribution	cc:Distribution	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Notice	cc:Notice	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Reproduction	cc:Reproduction	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Share Alike	cc:ShareAlike	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Sharing	cc:Sharing	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Source Code	cc:SourceCode	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Accept Tracking	odrl:acceptTracking	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Ad-hoc sharing	odrl:adHocShare	?	✅	✅
Aggregate	odrl:aggregate	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Annotate	odrl:annotate	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Anonymize	odrl:anonymize	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Append	odrl:append	?	✅	✅		odrl:modify
Append To	odrl:appendTo	?	✅	✅		odrl:modify
Archive	odrl:archive	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Attach policy	odrl:attachPolicy	?	✅	✅		cc:Notice
Attach source	odrl:attachSource	?	✅	✅		cc:SourceCode
Attribute	odrl:attribute	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Commercialize	odrl:commercialize	?	✅	✅		cc:CommercialUse
Compensate	odrl:compensate	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Concurrent Use	odrl:concurrentUse	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Copy	odrl:copy	?	✅	✅		odrl:reproduce
Delete	odrl:delete	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Derive	odrl:derive	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Digitize	odrl:digitize	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Display	odrl:display	❌	❌	✅	odrl:play
Distribute	odrl:distribute	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Ensure Exclusivity	odrl:ensureExclusivity	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Execute	odrl:execute	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Export	odrl:export	?	✅	✅		odrl:transform
Extract	odrl:extract	❌	❌	✅	odrl:reproduce
Extract character	odrl:extractChar	?	✅	✅
Extract page	odrl:extractPage	?	✅	✅
Extract word	odrl:extractWord	?	✅	✅
Give	odrl:give	❌	❌	✅	odrl:transfer
Grant Use	odrl:grantUse	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Include	odrl:include	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Index	odrl:index	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Inform	odrl:inform	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Install	odrl:install	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Lease	odrl:lease	?	✅	✅
Lend	odrl:lend	?	✅	✅
License	odrl:license	?	✅	✅		odrl:grantUse
Modify	odrl:modify	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Move	odrl:move	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Next Policy	odrl:nextPolicy	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Obtain Consent	odrl:obtainConsent	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Pay	odrl:pay	?	✅	✅		odrl:compensate
Play	odrl:play	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Present	odrl:present	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Preview	odrl:preview	?	✅	✅
Print	odrl:print	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Read	odrl:read	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Reproduce	odrl:reproduce	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Review Policy	odrl:reviewPolicy	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Secondary Use	odrl:secondaryUse	?	✅	✅
Sell	odrl:sell	❌	❌	✅	odrl:transfer
Share	odrl:share	?	✅	✅		cc:Sharing
Share-alike	odrl:shareAlike	?	✅	✅		cc:ShareAlike
Stream	odrl:stream	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Synchronize	odrl:synchronize	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Text-to-speech	odrl:textToSpeech	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Transfer Ownership	odrl:transfer	✅	❌	✅
Transform	odrl:transform	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Translate	odrl:translate	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Uninstall	odrl:uninstall	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Use	odrl:use	✅	❌	✅
Watermark	odrl:watermark	❌	❌	✅	odrl:use
Write	odrl:write	?	✅	✅		odrl:modify
Write to	odrl:writeTo	?	✅	✅		odrl:modify

Exact match and included in support

Support for skos:ExactMatch and odrl:includedIn is provided through inferences using simple Notation3 rules

Asset

Support for odrl:Asset is provided by either exact matching of the request with the policy or by doing an inference over the Asset Collection. For doing inferences over Asset Collection, these collections must be supplied by the state of the world. When this is not the case, no satisfaction of this constraint can be obtained.

To check for membership in an Asset Collection, the odrl:partOf property is used as stated in ODRL IM §2.2.2.

Example rule of Asset when Asset Collection is present:

{
   ?ruleReport a ?ruleReportType ;
       report:rule ?permission ;
       report:ruleRequest ?requestPermission ;
       report:premiseReport ?targetReport .
   ?ruleReportType list:in (report:PermissionReport report:RuleReport report:ProhibitionReport) .

   ?targetReport a report:TargetReport .     
     
   ?permission odrl:target ?assetCollection .

   ?assetCollection a odrl:AssetCollection.

   ?requestPermission odrl:target ?resourceInCollection .

   ?resourceInCollection odrl:partOf ?assetCollection .
}
=> 
{
   ?targetReport report:satisfactionState report:Satisfied .
} .

Note that the rule is a bit odd. This was also pointed out by Joshua Corenjo in a github issue.

Party

This is analogous to how Asset evaluation works.

Support for odrl:Party is provided by either exact matching of the request with the policy or by doing an inference over the Party Collection. For doing inferences over Party Collection, these collections must be supplied by the state of the world. When this is not the case, no satisfaction of this constraint can be obtained.

To check for membership in an Party Collection, the odrl:partOf property is used as stated in ODRL IM §2.2.2.

Constraints

Rules that implement the constraints can be found in constraints.n3.

Refinements

This is handled similar to constraints.

No support yet. Documentation and implementation is still required.

Logical

Columns of the table elaborated:

• Label: The rdfs:label as defined by ODRL
• Identifier: The ODRL unique identifier for the term
• Normative: Whether it is part of the official standard or not (hint)
• Deprecated: An element that has been outdated by newer constructs (sometimes superseded by newer version).
• Supported: Whether the ODRL Evaluator supports it.

Label	Identifier	Normative	Deprecated	Supported
Only One	odrl:xone	✅	❌	✅
And	odrl:and	✅	❌	✅
And Sequence	odrl:andSequence	✅	❌	✅
Or	odrl:or	✅	❌	✅

Operators

Columns of the table elaborated:

• Label: The rdfs:label as defined by ODRL
• Identifier: The ODRL unique identifier for the term
• Normative: Whether it is part of the official standard or not (hint)
• Deprecated: An element that has been outdated by newer constructs (sometimes superseded by newer version).
• Supported: Whether the ODRL Evaluator supports it.

Label	Identifier	Normative	Deprecated	Supported
Equal to	odrl:eq	✅	❌	✅
Greater than	odrl:gt	✅	❌	✅
Greater than or equal to	odrl:gteq	✅	❌	✅
Has part	odrl:hasPart	✅	❌	❌
Is a	odrl:isA	✅	❌	✅
Is all of	odrl:isAllOf	✅	❌	❌
Is any of	odrl:isAnyOf	✅	❌	✅
Is none of	odrl:isNoneOf	✅	❌	✅
Is part of	odrl:isPartOf	✅	❌	❌
Less than	odrl:lt	✅	❌	✅
Less than or equal to	odrl:lteq	✅	❌	✅
Not equal to	odrl:neq	✅	❌	✅

Left Operands

Columns of the table elaborated:

• Label: The rdfs:label as defined by ODRL
• Identifier: The ODRL unique identifier for the term
• Normative: Whether it is part of the official standard or not (hint)
• Deprecated: An element that has been outdated by newer constructs (sometimes superseded by newer version).
• Supported: Whether the ODRL Evaluator supports it.

Label	Identifier	Normative	Deprecated	Supported
Absolute Asset Position	odrl:absolutePosition	❌	❌	❌
Absolute Asset Size	odrl:absoluteSize	❌	❌	❌
Absolute Spatial Asset Position	odrl:absoluteSpatialPosition	✅	❌	❌
Absolute Temporal Asset Position	odrl:absoluteTemporalPosition	✅	❌	❌
Count	odrl:count	❌	❌	❌
Datetime	odrl:dateTime	❌	❌	✅
Delay Period	odrl:delayPeriod	❌	❌	❌
Delivery Channel	odrl:deliveryChannel	❌	❌	❌
Device	odrl:device	✅	✅	❌
Elapsed Time	odrl:elapsedTime	❌	❌	❌
Event	odrl:event	❌	❌	❌
File Format	odrl:fileFormat	❌	❌	❌
Industry Context	odrl:industry	❌	❌	❌
Language	odrl:language	❌	❌	❌
Media Context	odrl:media	❌	❌	❌
Metered Time	odrl:meteredTime	❌	❌	❌
Payment Amount	odrl:payAmount	❌	❌	❌
Asset Percentage	odrl:percentage	❌	❌	❌
Product Context	odrl:product	❌	❌	❌
Purpose	odrl:purpose	❌	❌	✅
Recipient	odrl:recipient	❌	❌	❌
Relative Asset Position	odrl:relativePosition	❌	❌	❌
Relative Asset Size	odrl:relativeSize	❌	❌	❌
Relative Spatial Asset Position	odrl:relativeSpatialPosition	✅	❌	❌
Relative Temporal Asset Position	odrl:relativeTemporalPosition	✅	❌	❌
Rendition Resolution	odrl:resolution	❌	❌	❌
Geospatial Named Area	odrl:spatial	❌	❌	❌
Geospatial Coordinates	odrl:spatialCoordinates	✅	❌	❌
System	odrl:system	✅	✅	❌
System Device	odrl:systemDevice	✅	❌	❌
Recurring Time Interval	odrl:timeInterval	❌	❌	❌
Unit Of Count	odrl:unitOfCount	❌	❌	❌
Version	odrl:version	❌	❌	❌
Virtual IT Communication Location	odrl:virtualLocation	❌	❌	❌

In ODRL there is some notion about broader and narrower concepts (using skos notation). To the best of our knowledge, no additional reasoning support can be added.

• odrl:spatial
  • broader (transitive) than odrl:spatialCoordinates
• odrl:absolutePosition
  • broader (transitive) than odrl:absoluteSpatialPosition
  • broader (transitive) than odrl:absoluteTemporalPosition
• odrl:relativePosition
  • broader (transitive) than odrl:relativeSpatialPosition
  • broader (transitive) than odrl:relativeTemporalPosition

Policy Conflict Strategy

There is no support for the odrl:conflict property.

The reasons are two-fold:

• There is no terminology in the Compliance Report Model at the report:PolicyReport level regarding conflicts in its rules.
• ODRL IM 2.2 does not describe (in §2.10) how to merge multiple policies when their odrl:conflict property is differenent.
  • E.g. how should two policies be merged when one policy contains an odrl:perm strategy, while the other odrl:prohibit? If that were to be described in ODRL, then evaluation can be implemented fairly easily.