ci: build and test on aarch64 runners and document architecture support

Parameterize runs-on in the build-and-test matrix and add
gcc-release-arm64 and clang-debug-arm64 jobs on ubuntu-24.04-arm so
aarch64 is covered by CI. Document x86_64/aarch64 support in the
building guide and note that the Lumina prebuilt package is only
available for x86_64 Linux.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: SteNicholas

.github/workflows/build_and_test.yaml

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   build-and-test:
     name: ${{ matrix.name }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner || 'ubuntu-24.04' }}
     timeout-minutes: 120
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -52,6 +52,13 @@ jobs:
             build_args: >-
               --check_clang_tidy
               --lint_git_target_commit "origin/${{ github.base_ref || github.event.repository.default_branch }}"
+          - name: gcc-release-arm64
+            runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+            cc: gcc-14
+            cxx: g++-14
+            build_args: --build_type Release
+          - name: clang-debug-arm64
+            runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
           - name: asan-ubsan
             build_args: --enable_asan --enable_ubsan
           - name: tsan

docs/source/building.rst

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ Building requires:
 * A C++17-enabled compiler. On Linux, gcc 8 and higher should be
   sufficient. On macOS, use AppleClang from Xcode Command Line Tools or
   LLVM clang from Homebrew. Windows is not supported for now.
+* An x86_64 or aarch64 (arm64) CPU. Both architectures are supported and
+  tested on Linux and macOS, including Apple Silicon.
 * At least 2GB of RAM for a minimal build, 8GB for a minimal
   debug build with tests and 16GB for a full build.
 
@@ -146,6 +148,8 @@ boolean flags to ``cmake``.
 * ``-DPAIMON_ENABLE_AVRO=ON``: Apache Avro libraries and Paimon integration
 * ``-DPAIMON_ENABLE_JINDO=ON``: Support for Alibaba Jindo filesystems
 * ``-DPAIMON_ENABLE_LUMINA=ON``: Support for Lumina vector index, lumina is only supported on gcc9 or higher.
+  The Lumina prebuilt package is currently only available for x86_64 Linux,
+  so this option cannot be enabled on aarch64.
 
 Third-party dependency source
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~