chore: remove codex-branding block from README

Author: SysAdminDoc

README.md

@@ -1,13 +1,3 @@
-<!-- codex-branding:start -->
-<p align="center"><img src="icon.png" width="128" alt="Deep Purge"></p>
-
-<p align="center">
-  <img alt="Version" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/version-0.9.0-58A6FF?style=for-the-badge">
-  <img alt="License" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-4ade80?style=for-the-badge">
-  <img alt="Platform" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-Windows%2010%2F11-58A6FF?style=for-the-badge">
-</p>
-<!-- codex-branding:end -->
-
 # DeepPurge v0.9.0
 
 ![Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/version-v0.9.0-blue) ![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-green) ![Platform](https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-Windows%2010%2F11-lightgrey) ![CLI](https://img.shields.io/badge/CLI-headless-8A3FFC)