Merge branch 'master' into patch-1

Author: MaximSmolskiy

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -9,22 +9,25 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libhdf5-dev
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
         with:
           enable-cache: true
           cache-dependency-glob: uv.lock
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.x
+          python-version: 3.14
           allow-prereleases: true
       - run: uv sync --group=test
       - name: Run tests
         # TODO: #8818 Re-enable quantum tests
-        run: uv run pytest
+        run: uv run --with=pytest-run-parallel pytest
+          --iterations=8 --parallel-threads=auto
           --ignore=computer_vision/cnn_classification.py
           --ignore=docs/conf.py
           --ignore=dynamic_programming/k_means_clustering_tensorflow.py
+          --ignore=machine_learning/local_weighted_learning/local_weighted_learning.py
           --ignore=machine_learning/lstm/lstm_prediction.py
           --ignore=neural_network/input_data.py
           --ignore=project_euler/

.github/workflows/devcontainer_ci.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: devcontainers/ci@v0.3
         with:
           push: never

.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml

@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@ jobs:
   directory_writer:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.x
+          python-version: 3.14
+          allow-prereleases: true
       - name: Write DIRECTORY.md
         run: |
           scripts/build_directory_md.py 2>&1 | tee DIRECTORY.md

.github/workflows/project_euler.yml

@@ -14,21 +14,37 @@ jobs:
   project-euler:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - run:
+          sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libtiff5-dev libjpeg8-dev libopenjp2-7-dev
+          zlib1g-dev libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev tcl8.6-dev tk8.6-dev python3-tk
+          libharfbuzz-dev libfribidi-dev libxcb1-dev
+          libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
+          libhdf5-dev
+          libopenblas-dev
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.x
+          python-version: 3.14
+          allow-prereleases: true
       - run: uv sync --group=euler-validate --group=test
       - run: uv run pytest --doctest-modules --cov-report=term-missing:skip-covered --cov=project_euler/ project_euler/
   validate-solutions:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - run:
+          sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libtiff5-dev libjpeg8-dev libopenjp2-7-dev
+          zlib1g-dev libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev tcl8.6-dev tk8.6-dev python3-tk
+          libharfbuzz-dev libfribidi-dev libxcb1-dev
+          libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
+          libhdf5-dev
+          libopenblas-dev
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.x
+          python-version: 3.14
+          allow-prereleases: true
       - run: uv sync --group=euler-validate --group=test
       - run: uv run pytest scripts/validate_solutions.py
         env:

.github/workflows/ruff.yml

@@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ jobs:
   ruff:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - run: uvx ruff check --output-format=github .

.github/workflows/sphinx.yml

@@ -25,11 +25,18 @@ jobs:
   build_docs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - run:
+          sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libtiff5-dev libjpeg8-dev libopenjp2-7-dev
+          zlib1g-dev libfreetype6-dev liblcms2-dev libwebp-dev tcl8.6-dev tk8.6-dev python3-tk
+          libharfbuzz-dev libfribidi-dev libxcb1-dev
+          libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
+          libhdf5-dev
+          libopenblas-dev
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.13
+          python-version: 3.14
           allow-prereleases: true
       - run: uv sync --group=docs
       - uses: actions/configure-pages@v5

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ci:
+  autoupdate_schedule: monthly
+
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: v6.0.0
@@ -11,12 +14,12 @@ repos:
       - id: requirements-txt-fixer
 
   - repo: https://github.com/MarcoGorelli/auto-walrus
-    rev: 0.3.4
+    rev: 0.4.1
     hooks:
       - id: auto-walrus
 
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.13.1
+    rev: v0.14.14
     hooks:
       - id: ruff-check
       - id: ruff-format
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ repos:
           - tomli
 
   - repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
-    rev: v2.6.0
+    rev: v2.12.1
     hooks:
       - id: pyproject-fmt
 
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ repos:
       - id: validate-pyproject
 
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: v1.18.2
+    rev: v1.19.1
     hooks:
       - id: mypy
         args:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ We want your work to be readable by others; therefore, we encourage you to note
   ruff check
   ```
 
-- Original code submission require docstrings or comments to describe your work.
+- Original code submissions require docstrings or comments to describe your work.
 
 - More on docstrings and comments:
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ We want your work to be readable by others; therefore, we encourage you to note
   starting_value = int(input("Please enter a starting value: ").strip())
   ```
 
-  The use of [Python type hints](https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html) is encouraged for function parameters and return values.  Our automated testing will run [mypy](http://mypy-lang.org) so run that locally before making your submission.
+  The use of [Python type hints](https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html) is encouraged for function parameters and return values.  Our automated testing will run [mypy](https://mypy-lang.org) so run that locally before making your submission.
 
   ```python
   def sum_ab(a: int, b: int) -> int:

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@
     * [Permutations](data_structures/arrays/permutations.py)
     * [Prefix Sum](data_structures/arrays/prefix_sum.py)
     * [Product Sum](data_structures/arrays/product_sum.py)
+    * [Rotate Array](data_structures/arrays/rotate_array.py)
     * [Sparse Table](data_structures/arrays/sparse_table.py)
     * [Sudoku Solver](data_structures/arrays/sudoku_solver.py)
   * Binary Tree
@@ -397,6 +398,7 @@
   * [Minimum Squares To Represent A Number](dynamic_programming/minimum_squares_to_represent_a_number.py)
   * [Minimum Steps To One](dynamic_programming/minimum_steps_to_one.py)
   * [Minimum Tickets Cost](dynamic_programming/minimum_tickets_cost.py)
+  * [Narcissistic Number](dynamic_programming/narcissistic_number.py)
   * [Optimal Binary Search Tree](dynamic_programming/optimal_binary_search_tree.py)
   * [Palindrome Partitioning](dynamic_programming/palindrome_partitioning.py)
   * [Range Sum Query](dynamic_programming/range_sum_query.py)
@@ -623,6 +625,7 @@
   * [Sequential Minimum Optimization](machine_learning/sequential_minimum_optimization.py)
   * [Similarity Search](machine_learning/similarity_search.py)
   * [Support Vector Machines](machine_learning/support_vector_machines.py)
+  * [T Stochastic Neighbour Embedding](machine_learning/t_stochastic_neighbour_embedding.py)
   * [Word Frequency Functions](machine_learning/word_frequency_functions.py)
   * [Xgboost Classifier](machine_learning/xgboost_classifier.py)
   * [Xgboost Regressor](machine_learning/xgboost_regressor.py)
@@ -878,6 +881,7 @@
   * [Quine](other/quine.py)
   * [Scoring Algorithm](other/scoring_algorithm.py)
   * [Sdes](other/sdes.py)
+  * [Sliding Window Maximum](other/sliding_window_maximum.py)
   * [Tower Of Hanoi](other/tower_of_hanoi.py)
   * [Word Search](other/word_search.py)
 

backtracking/generate_parentheses_iterative.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-def generate_parentheses_iterative(length: int) -> list:
+def generate_parentheses_iterative(length: int) -> list[str]:
     """
     Generate all valid combinations of parentheses (Iterative Approach).
 
     The algorithm works as follows:
     1. Initialize an empty list to store the combinations.
     2. Initialize a stack to keep track of partial combinations.
-    3. Start with empty string and push it onstack along with the counts of '(' and ')'.
+    3. Start with empty string and push it on stack along with
+       the counts of '(' and ')'.
     4. While the stack is not empty:
         a. Pop a partial combination and its open and close counts from the stack.
         b. If the combination length is equal to 2*length, add it to the result.
@@ -34,8 +35,11 @@ def generate_parentheses_iterative(length: int) -> list:
     >>> generate_parentheses_iterative(0)
     ['']
     """
-    result = []
-    stack = []
+    if length == 0:
+        return [""]
+
+    result: list[str] = []
+    stack: list[tuple[str, int, int]] = []
 
     # Each element in stack is a tuple (current_combination, open_count, close_count)
     stack.append(("", 0, 0))
@@ -45,6 +49,7 @@ def generate_parentheses_iterative(length: int) -> list:
 
         if len(current_combination) == 2 * length:
             result.append(current_combination)
+            continue
 
         if open_count < length:
             stack.append((current_combination + "(", open_count + 1, close_count))