feat: add crypto price fetcher using httpx

Author: hasdajustin

web_programming/fetch_crypto_prices.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+"""
+Fetch current cryptocurrency prices using the CoinGecko API.
+This script uses the 'httpx' library as per the repository's preference.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+import httpx
+
+def fetch_crypto_price(coin_id: str = "bitcoin") -> dict[str, dict[str, float]]:
+    """
+    Fetch the current price of a cryptocurrency in USD.
+    :param coin_id: The ID of the coin (e.g., 'bitcoin', 'ethereum', 'dogecoin')
+    :return: A dictionary containing the price data.
+
+    >>> # Note: Actual API call results may vary over time.
+    >>> isinstance(fetch_crypto_price("bitcoin"), dict)
+    True
+    >>> "bitcoin" in fetch_crypto_price("bitcoin")
+    True
+    """
+    url = f"https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids={coin_id}&vs_currencies=usd"
+    
+    with httpx.Client() as client:
+        response = client.get(url)
+        if response.status_code != 200:
+            raise ValueError(f"Could not fetch price for {coin_id}. Status code: {response.status_code}")
+        
+        data = response.json()
+        if not data:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid coin ID: {coin_id}")
+            
+        return data
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    try:
+        coin = "bitcoin"
+        price_data = fetch_crypto_price(coin)
+        price = price_data[coin]["usd"]
+        print(f"The current price of {coin.capitalize()} is ${price:,.2f} USD")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}")