Add function to check if a number is a palindrome

This function checks if a given integer is a palindrome without converting it to a string. It handles edge cases for negative numbers and numbers ending in zero.

Author: YASWANTH1976

maths/palindrome_number.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+def is_palindrome(number: int) -> bool:
+    """
+    Determines if an integer is a palindrome without using string conversion.
+
+    Logic:
+    1. Negative numbers are not palindromes.
+    2. Numbers ending in 0 (except 0 itself) are not palindromes.
+    3. Reverse half of the number and compare.
+
+    Examples:
+    >>> is_palindrome(121)
+    True
+    >>> is_palindrome(12321)
+    True
+    >>> is_palindrome(10)
+    False
+    >>> is_palindrome(-121)
+    False
+    >>> is_palindrome(0)
+    True
+    >>> is_palindrome(1)
+    True
+    >>> is_palindrome(1221)
+    True
+    >>> is_palindrome(123)
+    False
+    """
+
+    # Edge cases
+    if number < 0 or (number % 10 == 0 and number != 0):
+        return False
+
+    reversed_half = 0
+
+    # Reverse half of the digits
+    while number > reversed_half:
+        reversed_half = reversed_half * 10 + number % 10
+        number //= 10
+
+    # Check for even and odd length numbers
+    return number == reversed_half or number == reversed_half // 10