Add majority_element function using Boyer-Moore algorithm

Implement Boyer-Moore Voting Algorithm to find majority element.

Author: Vineshnayak

searches/boyer_moore_majority_vote.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+def majority_element(nums: list[int]) -> int:
+    """
+    Find majority element using Boyer-Moore Voting Algorithm
+    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyer%E2%80%93Moore_majority_vote_algorithm
+
+    >>> majority_element([3, 3, 4])
+    3
+    >>> majority_element([2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2])
+    2
+    """
+
+    if not nums:
+        raise ValueError("List cannot be empty")
+
+    candidate = None
+    count = 0
+
+    for num in nums:
+        if count == 0:
+            candidate = num
+        count += (1 if num == candidate else -1)
+
+    return candidate