migrate.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

set -euo pipefail

# Constants
readonly GHOST_UID=1000
readonly GHOST_GID=1000
readonly MYSQL_TIMEOUT=120
readonly DISK_SPACE_SAFETY_FACTOR=1.5
readonly TEMP_SQL_FILE="${PWD}/data/ghost_import.sql"
readonly RECOVERY_SCRIPT="${PWD}/recovery_instructions.sh"

# Global variables
current_location=""
mysql_user=""
mysql_password=""
ghost_service_name=""

# Function to convert bytes to human readable format
human_readable() {
    local bytes=$1
    local units=("B" "KB" "MB" "GB" "TB")
    local unit=0
    local size=$bytes

    while (( $(echo "$size > 1024" | bc -l) )) && (( unit < 4 )); do
        size=$(echo "scale=2; $size / 1024" | bc -l)
        ((unit++))
    done

    echo "${size} ${units[$unit]}"
}

# Function to get size in bytes
get_size_bytes() {
    local path=$1
    if [[ -d "$path" ]]; then
        du -sb "$path" 2>/dev/null | cut -f1
    else
        echo "0"
    fi
}

# Cleanup function
cleanup() {
    local exit_code=$?

    if [[ -f "$TEMP_SQL_FILE" ]]; then
        echo "Cleaning up temporary files..."
        rm "$TEMP_SQL_FILE"
    fi

    if [[ $exit_code -ne 0 && -f "$RECOVERY_SCRIPT" ]]; then
        echo ""
        echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
        echo "❌ MIGRATION FAILED!"
        echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
        echo ""
        echo "Don't worry - your data is safe!"
        echo ""
        echo "To restore your original Ghost installation, run:"
        echo "  bash $RECOVERY_SCRIPT"
        echo ""
        echo "Need help? Check the migration logs above for error details."
        echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
    fi

    exit $exit_code
}

# Set trap for cleanup
trap cleanup EXIT INT TERM

# Create recovery script
create_recovery_script() {
    local service_name="$1"
    cat > "$RECOVERY_SCRIPT" << EOF
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Recovery script generated by Ghost migration on $(date)
# This script will restore your original Ghost installation

set -euo pipefail

echo "Restoring original Ghost installation..."

# Stop any Docker containers that might have been started
docker compose down 2>/dev/null || true

# Re-enable and start the original Ghost service
if [[ -n "${service_name}" ]]; then
    systemctl enable "${service_name}" 2>/dev/null || true
    systemctl start "${service_name}" 2>/dev/null || true
    echo "Original Ghost installation has been restored."
    echo "You can check the status with: systemctl status ${service_name}"
else
    echo "Note: Ghost service was not yet stopped, so no restoration needed."
    echo "Your original installation should still be running."
fi
EOF

    chmod +x "$RECOVERY_SCRIPT"
    echo "✓ Recovery script created at: $RECOVERY_SCRIPT"
}

# Validate MySQL connection
validate_mysql_connection() {
    local host=$1
    local database=$2
    local user=$3
    local password=$4

    echo "Testing MySQL connection..."

    if mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password" -e "SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema='$database' LIMIT 1;" &>/dev/null; then
        echo "✓ MySQL connection successful"
        return 0
    else
        echo "✗ MySQL connection failed"
        return 1
    fi
}

# Check prerequisites
check_prerequisites() {
    # Check we're running as root
    if [[ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]]; then
        echo "Sorry, this script must be run as root!"
        exit 1
    fi

    # Check required commands
    local required_commands=("jq" "docker" "bc" "mysql" "mysqldump" "rsync")
    local missing_commands=()

    for cmd in "${required_commands[@]}"; do
        if ! command -v "$cmd" &>/dev/null; then
            missing_commands+=("$cmd")
        fi
    done

    if [[ ${#missing_commands[@]} -gt 0 ]]; then
        echo "The following required commands are not installed:"
        printf ' - %s\n' "${missing_commands[@]}"
        echo "Please install them first."
        exit 1
    fi
}

# Show migration summary
show_migration_summary() {
    echo "
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
                    GHOST MIGRATION SUMMARY
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

This script will migrate your Ghost CLI installation to Docker.

WHAT WILL HAPPEN:
  ✓ Validate MySQL credentials
  ✓ Stop your current Ghost installation
  ✓ Copy content directory to Docker mount
  ✓ Export and import your database to a Docker based MySQL instance
  ✓ Start Ghost in Docker container
  ✓ Optionally configure Caddy Webserver for HTTPS

WHAT WONT HAPPEN:
  ✓ No data will be deleted
  ✓ Recovery script will be created
  ✓ Original installation remains intact

REQUIREMENTS:
  ✓ .env file configured for Docker
  ✓ MySQL credentials with dump permissions
  ✓ Sufficient disk space for migration

═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
"
}

# Migrate content directory
migrate_content() {
    local source="${current_location}/content/"
    local dest="${PWD}/data/ghost/"

    echo "Starting content migration..."
    echo "Source: $source"
    echo "Destination: $dest"
    echo ""

    # Create destination directory
    mkdir -p "$dest"

    # Copy with progress
    echo "Copying files..."
    rsync --info=progress2 -aH "$source" "$dest"

    echo ""
    echo "Setting permissions for Ghost container (UID: $GHOST_UID, GID: $GHOST_GID)..."
    chown -R ${GHOST_UID}:${GHOST_GID} "$dest"

    echo "✓ Content migration completed"
}

# Test if we can dump database with given credentials
test_mysql_dump() {
    local host=$1
    local database=$2
    local user=$3
    local password=$4

    # Try a minimal dump to test permissions
    if MYSQL_PWD="$password" mysqldump --no-tablespaces --no-data -h"$host" -u"$user" "$database" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        return 0
    else
        return 1
    fi
}

# Export and import database
migrate_database() {
    local mysql_host
    local mysql_database
    mysql_host=$(jq -r < "${current_location}/config.production.json" '.database.connection.host')
    mysql_database=$(jq -r < "${current_location}/config.production.json" '.database.connection.database')

    echo "Exporting database from $mysql_host..."

    # Export database with proper error handling
    local dump_output
    local dump_status
    dump_output=$(MYSQL_PWD="$mysql_password" mysqldump --no-tablespaces -h"$mysql_host" -u"$mysql_user" "$mysql_database" 2>&1 > "$TEMP_SQL_FILE")
    dump_status=$?

    # Check for errors in output (mysqldump may return 0 even with some errors)
    if [[ $dump_status -ne 0 ]] || [[ "$dump_output" =~ "Error:" ]]; then
        echo ""
        echo "ERROR: Failed to export database"
        if [[ "$dump_output" =~ "PROCESS privilege" ]]; then
            echo ""
            echo "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
            echo "The MySQL user '$mysql_user' needs the PROCESS privilege."
            echo ""
            echo "To fix this, connect to MySQL as a privileged user and run:"
            echo "  GRANT PROCESS ON *.* TO '$mysql_user'@'%';"
            echo "  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
            echo ""
            echo "Or retry with a user that has sufficient privileges (e.g., root)."
            echo "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
        elif [[ -n "$dump_output" ]]; then
            echo "Error details: $dump_output"
        fi
        exit 1
    fi

    # Verify the dump file exists and has content
    if [[ ! -f "$TEMP_SQL_FILE" ]] || [[ ! -s "$TEMP_SQL_FILE" ]]; then
        echo ""
        echo "ERROR: Database dump file is empty or missing"
        echo "This might indicate insufficient disk space or permissions issues."
        exit 1
    fi

    local dump_size
    dump_size=$(human_readable "$(stat -c%s "$TEMP_SQL_FILE")")
    echo "✓ Database exported successfully ($dump_size)"

    # Wait for MySQL to be ready
    echo -n "Waiting for MySQL container to be ready"
    local counter=0
    until [ "$(docker compose ps db --format json | jq -r '.Health')" = "healthy" ] || [ $counter -eq $MYSQL_TIMEOUT ]; do
        echo -n "."
        sleep 1
        ((counter++)) || true
    done

    if [[ $counter -eq $MYSQL_TIMEOUT ]]; then
        echo ""
        echo "ERROR: Timed out waiting for MySQL container"
        exit 1
    fi

    echo " ✓"

    # Import database
    echo "Importing database into Docker MySQL..."
    local MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
    MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=$(grep DATABASE_ROOT_PASSWORD "$PWD/.env" | cut -d '=' -f 2-)
    if ! docker compose exec -e MYSQL_PWD="$MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD" -T db sh -c 'exec mysql -uroot $MYSQL_DATABASE' < "$TEMP_SQL_FILE"; then
        echo "ERROR: Failed to import database"
        exit 1
    fi

    echo "✓ Database migration completed"

    # Clean up SQL file
    rm -f "$TEMP_SQL_FILE"
}

# Find Ghost installations in /var/www/
find_ghost_installations() {
    local installations=()

    # Search one level deep in /var/www/
    if [[ -d "/var/www" ]]; then
        for dir in /var/www/*/; do
            # Skip if not a directory
            [[ ! -d "$dir" ]] && continue

            # Remove trailing slash
            dir="${dir%/}"

            # Check if it's a valid Ghost installation
            if [[ -f "${dir}/.ghost-cli" ]] && [[ -d "${dir}/content" ]]; then
                # Additional validation - check if config file exists
                if [[ -f "${dir}/config.production.json" ]]; then
                    installations+=("$dir")
                fi
            fi
        done
    fi

    printf '%s\n' "${installations[@]}"
}

# Main script starts here
main() {
    check_prerequisites

    echo "WARNING: This script is currently in beta, please ensure you have a backup!"

    show_migration_summary

    read -rp 'Ready to proceed with migration? (y/n): ' confirm
    if [[ "${confirm,,}" != "y" ]]; then
        echo "Migration cancelled."
        exit 0
    fi

    # Search for Ghost installations
    echo ""
    echo "Searching for Ghost installations in /var/www/..."

    local ghost_installations=()
    while IFS= read -r line; do
        [[ -n "$line" ]] && ghost_installations+=("$line")
    done < <(find_ghost_installations)

    # Get installation location
    if [[ ${#ghost_installations[@]} -gt 0 ]]; then
        echo ""
        echo "Found ${#ghost_installations[@]} Ghost installation(s) in /var/www/:"
        echo ""

        # Display found installations with numbers
        local i=1
        for installation in "${ghost_installations[@]}"; do
            local site_name
            site_name=$(basename "$installation")
            echo "  $i) $site_name (${installation})"
            ((i++))
        done
        echo "  $i) Enter a different path"
        echo ""

        read -rp "Select an installation (1-$i): " selection

        # Validate selection
        if [[ "$selection" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] && [[ $selection -ge 1 ]] && [[ $selection -le $i ]]; then
            if [[ $selection -eq $i ]]; then
                # User wants to enter a different path
                read -rp 'Enter your current Ghost installation path: ' current_location
            else
                # User selected a found installation
                current_location="${ghost_installations[$((selection-1))]}"
                echo "Selected: $current_location"
            fi
        else
            echo "Invalid selection"
            exit 1
        fi
    else
        # No installations found, ask for path directly
        echo ""
        echo "No Ghost installations found in /var/www/"
        read -rp 'Enter your current Ghost installation path: ' current_location
    fi

    if [[ -z "$current_location" ]]; then
        echo "ERROR: Installation path is required"
        exit 1
    fi

    # Validate Ghost installation
    if [[ ! -f "${current_location}/.ghost-cli" ]]; then
        echo "ERROR: No Ghost-CLI installation found at ${current_location}"
        exit 1
    fi

    if [[ ! -d "${current_location}/content" ]]; then
        echo "ERROR: No content directory found at ${current_location}/content"
        exit 1
    fi

    # Check for .env file
    if [[ ! -f "${PWD}/.env" ]]; then
        echo "ERROR: Please create a .env file for the Docker installation first"
        exit 1
    fi

    # Get Ghost service name
    ghost_service_name="ghost_$(jq -r < "${current_location}/.ghost-cli" '.name')"

    # Get database configuration
    local mysql_host
    local mysql_database
    local ghost_mysql_user
    local ghost_mysql_password
    mysql_host=$(jq -r < "${current_location}/config.production.json" '.database.connection.host')
    mysql_database=$(jq -r < "${current_location}/config.production.json" '.database.connection.database')
    ghost_mysql_user=$(jq -r < "${current_location}/config.production.json" '.database.connection.user')
    ghost_mysql_password=$(jq -r < "${current_location}/config.production.json" '.database.connection.password')

    # Check disk space
    echo ""
    echo "Checking disk space requirements..."

    local content_size
    local content_size_human
    local required_space
    local required_space_human
    local available_space
    local available_space_human

    content_size=$(get_size_bytes "${current_location}/content")
    content_size_human=$(human_readable "$content_size")
    required_space=$(echo "$content_size * $DISK_SPACE_SAFETY_FACTOR" | bc | cut -d'.' -f1)
    required_space_human=$(human_readable "$required_space")
    available_space=$(df -B1 "${PWD}" | tail -1 | awk '{print $4}')
    available_space_human=$(human_readable "$available_space")

    echo "  Content size: ${content_size_human}"
    echo "  Required space: ${required_space_human}"
    echo "  Available space: ${available_space_human}"

    if (( available_space < required_space )); then
        echo ""
        echo "ERROR: Insufficient disk space!"
        echo "Need ${required_space_human} but only ${available_space_human} available."
        exit 1
    fi

    echo "✓ Disk space check passed"
    echo ""

    # Try Ghost's own credentials first
    echo "Testing database export with Ghost's credentials..."
    if test_mysql_dump "$mysql_host" "$mysql_database" "$ghost_mysql_user" "$ghost_mysql_password"; then
        echo "✓ Ghost's credentials have sufficient privileges"
        mysql_user="$ghost_mysql_user"
        mysql_password="$ghost_mysql_password"
    else
        echo "Ghost's database user doesn't have sufficient privileges for export."
        echo "Please provide credentials for a MySQL user with dump privileges."
        echo ""

        # Get MySQL credentials and validate
        read -rp "MySQL user for database export (default: root): " mysql_user
        mysql_user=${mysql_user:-root}

        # Get password securely
        echo -n "MySQL password for ${mysql_user}: "
        read -rs mysql_password
        echo ""

        # Validate connection
        if ! validate_mysql_connection "$mysql_host" "$mysql_database" "$mysql_user" "$mysql_password"; then
            echo ""
            echo "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
            echo "Could not connect to MySQL database."
            echo ""
            echo "Please verify:"
            echo "  • MySQL service is running"
            echo "  • Credentials are correct"
            echo "  • User has access from this host"
            echo "  • Database name is correct"
            echo "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
            exit 1
        fi

        # Test dump permissions
        if ! test_mysql_dump "$mysql_host" "$mysql_database" "$mysql_user" "$mysql_password"; then
            echo ""
            echo "ERROR: The provided user doesn't have sufficient privileges for database export."
            echo "Please ensure the user has the necessary privileges or try a different user."
            exit 1
        fi
    fi

    # Create recovery script (with empty service name since we haven't stopped anything yet)
    create_recovery_script ""

    # Final confirmation before stopping Ghost
    echo ""
    echo "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
    echo "⚠️  YOUR SITE WILL BE UNAVAILABLE DURING MIGRATION"
    echo "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
    echo ""
    echo "The next steps will:"
    echo "  1. Stop your Ghost service"
    echo "  2. Migrate your content and database"
    echo "     a. Your new content directory will be at ${PWD}/data/ghost/"
    echo "     b. Your new MySQL database will be at ${PWD}/data/mysql/"
    echo "  3. Start Ghost in Docker"
    echo ""
    echo "If anything goes wrong, run: bash $RECOVERY_SCRIPT"
    echo ""
    read -rp 'Continue with migration? This will make your site unavailable. (y/n): ' confirm

    if [[ "${confirm,,}" != "y" ]]; then
        echo "Migration cancelled."
        rm -f "$RECOVERY_SCRIPT"
        exit 0
    fi

    # Stop Ghost service
    echo ""
    echo "Stopping Ghost service..."

    # Update recovery script with actual service name before stopping
    create_recovery_script "$ghost_service_name"

    if ! systemctl stop "$ghost_service_name"; then
        echo "ERROR: Failed to stop Ghost service"
        echo "Please check: systemctl status $ghost_service_name"
        exit 1
    fi

    systemctl disable "$ghost_service_name" 2>/dev/null || true
    echo "✓ Ghost service stopped"

    # Start MySQL container
    echo "Starting MySQL container for migration..."
    docker compose up db -d

    # Migrate content
    echo ""
    migrate_content

    # Migrate database
    echo ""
    migrate_database

    # Import configuration
    echo ""
    echo "Importing configuration from existing installation..."
    echo ""
    node "${PWD}/scripts/config-to-env.js" "${current_location}/config.production.json"
    echo ""

    echo -e "\n# Configuration imported from existing Ghost install at ${current_location}" >> "${PWD}/.env"
    node "${PWD}/scripts/config-to-env.js" "${current_location}/config.production.json" >> "${PWD}/.env"
    echo "✓ Configuration imported"

    # Start Ghost
    echo ""
    echo "Starting Ghost container..."
    docker compose up ghost -d
    echo "✓ Ghost is running in Docker"

    # Caddy setup
    echo ""
    read -rp 'Start Caddy Webserver for automatic HTTPS? This will stop Nginx. (y/n): ' confirm
    if [[ "${confirm,,}" == "y" ]]; then
        echo "Stopping Nginx..."
        systemctl stop nginx -q || true
        systemctl disable nginx -q || true

        echo "Starting Caddy..."
        docker compose up caddy -d

        local domain
        domain=$(grep 'DOMAIN' "${PWD}/.env" | cut -d '=' -f 2-)
        echo ""
        echo "✓ Caddy Webserver is running!"
        echo "✓ Your site is available at: https://${domain}"
    else
        local ghost_port
        ghost_port=$(grep 'GHOST_PORT' "${PWD}/.env" | cut -d '=' -f 2-)
        echo ""
        echo "✓ Ghost is now running"
        echo "  To finish migration, configure your webserver to forward traffic to 127.0.0.1:${ghost_port}"
    fi

    # Success! Remove recovery script
    rm -f "$RECOVERY_SCRIPT"

    echo ""
    echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
    echo "✓ MIGRATION COMPLETED SUCCESSFULLY!"
    echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
    echo ""
    echo "Your Ghost site is now running in Docker!"
    echo ""
    echo "IMPORTANT INFORMATION:"
    echo "  • Original files: $current_location"
    echo "  • Original database: $mysql_database on $mysql_host"
    echo "  • New content location: ${PWD}/data/ghost/"
    echo "  • Configuration: ${PWD}/.env"
    echo ""
    echo "QUICK START COMMANDS:"
    echo "  View logs:        docker compose logs -f ghost"
    echo "  Check status:     docker compose ps"
    echo "  Stop Ghost:       docker compose down"
    echo "  Start Ghost:      docker compose up -d"
    echo ""
    echo "TROUBLESHOOTING:"
    echo "  • If site is unreachable, check: docker compose logs caddy"
    echo "  • For 502 errors, Ghost may still be starting (check logs)"
    echo "  • Database issues: docker compose logs db"
    echo ""
    echo "UPGRADES:"
    echo "  1. git pull"
    echo "  2. docker compose pull"
    echo "  3. docker compose up -d"
    echo "  Always backup before major upgrades!"
    echo ""
    echo "HELP GUIDE:"
    echo "  For a comprehensive list of commands and troubleshooting tips:"
    echo "  ./help"
    echo ""
    echo "CLEANUP:"
    echo "Once you're checked over the migration you can remove the old installation files and database by running:"
    echo ""
    echo "  rm -r $current_location/"
    echo "  mysql -h$mysql_host -u$mysql_user -p -e 'DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ${mysql_database}'"
    echo ""
    echo "This will remove the old Ghost CLI and Ghost 5.x installation"
    echo ""
    echo "════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════"
}

# Run main function
main "$@"