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‎website/versioned_docs/version-acs_cc/project/2026/teodor_mihai.andrei/index.md‎

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# Inteligent Vault
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A one line project description
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:::info
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**Author**: Andrei Teodor-Mihai \
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**GitHub Project Link**: [link_to_github](https://github.com/Teodor04/website#)
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:::
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<!-- do not delete the \ after your name -->
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## Description
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Intelligent Vault is a smart electronic safe controlled by an STM32 Nucleo board.
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The safe can be unlocked using a PIN entered from a keypad. It controls a physical locking mechanism using a servo motor, detects unauthorized movement or forced opening attempts, triggers an alarm, and stores important events in a log.
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The project also includes a USB connection to a PC/laptop. Through a local web interface, the user can monitor the safe status, view logs and configure some settings such as the PIN or tamper detection.
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## Motivation
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I chose this project because it combines several important embedded systems concepts: GPIO, PWM, SPI, I2C, serial communication, sensors, actuators and real-time event handling.
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The project is also practical and easy to demonstrate. It has a visible physical result: the safe can lock/unlock, detect tampering and trigger an alarm. The web admin interface adds a connectivity component and makes the project more complex than a basic local-only embedded system.
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## Architecture
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The system is split into the following main software components:
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- Authentication Manager
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- Handles PIN input, checks if the PIN is correct and manages failed attempts.
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- After several wrong attempts, it activates a temporary lockout.
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- Lock Controller
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- Controls the servo motor used for the physical locking mechanism.
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- Manages the LOCKED and UNLOCKED states.
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- Tamper Detection
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- Reads data from the accelerometer/gyroscope.
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- Detects movement, shaking or forced opening.
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- Uses a reed switch or microswitch to detect if the door was opened while locked.
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- Alarm Manager
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- Controls the buzzer and status LEDs.
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- Activates when tamper is detected or when too many wrong PIN attempts occur.
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- Display/UI Manager
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- Shows the current state of the vault on the LCD display.
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- Displays messages such as LOCKED, ENTER PIN, UNLOCKED, ALARM and LOCKOUT.
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- Event Logger
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- Stores important events such as BOOT, LOCKED, UNLOCKED, WRONG_PIN, TAMPER and ALARM.
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- Logs can be saved on a microSD card or sent to the PC through USB serial.
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- Communication Manager
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- Sends status and events to a PC/laptop through USB serial.
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- Receives commands from the local web admin interface, such as LOCK, UNLOCK, SET_PIN or ARM_TAMPER.
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## Log
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<!-- write your progress here every week -->
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### Week 5 - 11 May
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Created the project idea and defined the main requirements.
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Selected the STM32 Nucleo board as the main microcontroller platform.
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Researched the required hardware components: servo motor, keypad, LCD, IMU sensor, reed switch, buzzer and microSD module.
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### Week 12 - 18 May
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Connected the keypad and tested PIN input.
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Connected the servo motor and implemented basic LOCK/UNLOCK control.
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Added the main vault state machine: BOOT, LOCKED, PIN_ENTRY, UNLOCKED, LOCKOUT and ALARM.
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Added serial communication between the STM32 board and the PC server.
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Displayed vault status and logs in the web admin interface.
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### Week 19 - 25 May
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Connected the IMU sensor and implemented basic motion/tamper detection.
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Connected the reed switch for detecting forced door opening.
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Added buzzer alarm and LED feedback.
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Added event logging for wrong PIN attempts, unlock events and tamper events.
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Tested the complete system and prepared the final demo.
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## Hardware
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The project uses an STM32 Nucleo-U545RE-Q development board as the main controller. The board controls the safe mechanism and communicates with several external modules.
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The keypad is used for entering the PIN. The servo motor physically locks and unlocks the safe. The LCD display shows the current state of the system. The MPU6050 accelerometer/gyroscope detects movement or shaking, while a reed switch detects if the door is opened while the vault is locked. A buzzer is used for the alarm. A microSD module can be used for event logging.
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The board is connected to a PC/laptop through USB serial. A local Python web server reads messages from the board and exposes a web admin interface.
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### Schematics
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The following schematic shows the main connections between the STM32 Nucleo board and the external modules used by the Intelligent Vault project.
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<img src="./schema.svg" alt="Schema conexiuni Intelligent Vault" width="800"/>
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### Bill of Materials
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<!-- Fill out this table with all the hardware components that you might need.
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The format is
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```
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| [Device](link://to/device) | This is used ... | [price](link://to/store) |
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```
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-->
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| Device | Usage | Price |
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| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- |
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| [STM32 Nucleo-U545RE-Q](https://www.st.com/en/evaluation-tools/nucleo-u545re-q.html) | Main microcontroller board, provided by the teacher | Provided by teacher |
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| [MG90S Servo Motor](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/motoare-servomotoare/271-servomotor-mg90s.html) | Controls the physical lock mechanism | Check store price |
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| [Reed Switch Module](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/en/buttons-and-switches/12717-reed-switch-module.html) | Detects if the safe door is opened/forced | Check store price |
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| [4x4 Matrix Keypad](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/senzori-senzori-de-atingere/2441-tastatura-matriceala-4x4-cu-butoane.html) | Used for PIN input | Check store price |
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| [1.8 inch SPI LCD ST7735](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/optoelectronice-lcd-uri/3554-modul-lcd-de-18-cu-spi-i-controller-st7735-128x160-px.html) | Displays system state and messages | Check store price |
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| [MPU6050 Accelerometer and Gyroscope](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/senzori-senzori-inertiali/96-modul-senzor-triaxial-mpu-6050.html) | Detects movement, shaking and tamper attempts | Check store price |
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| [Active Buzzer Module](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/audio-buzzere/10-modul-cu-buzzer-activ.html) | Alarm output | Check store price |
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| [MicroSD Card Module](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/memorii/1516-modul-slot-card-microsd.html) | Stores event logs | Check store price |
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| [Female-Male Wires](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/en/wires-with-connectors/92-female-male-wire40p-20-cm.html) | Used for connecting modules to the board | Check store price |
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| [Female-Female Wires](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/en/wires-with-connectors/90-20-cm-40p-female-female-wire.html) | Used for connecting modules and headers | Check store price |
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| [Breadboard](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/prototipare-breadboard-uri/8-breadboard-830-points.html) | Used for prototyping connections | Check store price |
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| [Breadboard Power Supply](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/electronica-de-putere-stabilizatoare-liniare/61-sursa-de-alimentare-pentru-breadboard.html) | Provides external 5V for the servo motor | Check store price |
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| [1000 uF Capacitor](https://www.optimusdigital.ro/ro/componente-electronice-condensatoare/7822-condensator-electrolitic-1000-uf-16-v.html) | Stabilizes servo power supply | Check store price |
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## Software
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| Library | Description | Usage |
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| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| [embassy-stm32](https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy) | Async embedded framework for STM32 microcontrollers | Used for GPIO, timers, SPI, I2C, UART/USB and async tasks |
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| [embedded-hal](https://github.com/rust-embedded/embedded-hal) | Common traits for embedded Rust drivers | Used as abstraction layer for peripherals and drivers |
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| [embedded-graphics](https://github.com/embedded-graphics/embedded-graphics) | 2D graphics library for embedded displays | Used for drawing text, status screens and UI elements on the LCD |
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| [mipidsi](https://github.com/almindor/mipidsi) | Display driver for SPI TFT displays such as ST7735/ST7789/ILI9341 | Used for controlling the SPI LCD display |
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| [heapless](https://github.com/rust-embedded/heapless) | Fixed-capacity data structures without dynamic allocation | Used for command buffers, logs and serial messages |
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| [embedded-sdmmc-rs](https://github.com/rust-embedded-community/embedded-sdmmc-rs) | SD card and FAT filesystem library for embedded systems | Used for writing event logs to the microSD card |
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| [defmt](https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt) | Logging framework for embedded Rust | Used for debugging firmware during development |
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| [panic-probe](https://github.com/knurling-rs/probe-run) | Panic handler for embedded debugging | Used for debugging panics through probe-run/defmt |
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| [Flask](https://flask.palletsprojects.com/) | Python web framework | Used for the local web admin interface |
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| [PySerial](https://pyserial.readthedocs.io/) | Python serial communication library | Used by the web server to communicate with the STM32 board over USB serial |
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## Links
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<!-- Add a few links that inspired you and that you think you will use for your project -->
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1. [STM32](https://www.st.com/en/evaluation-tools/nucleo-u545re-q.html)
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2. [Rust_Book](https://docs.rust-embedded.org/book/)
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