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Updates made to address comments from technical edit for v1.1 of the RMC Breach Toolbox Technical Manual.
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docs/toolbox-technical-manuals/internal-erosion-suite/breach/v1.1/06-unraveling.mdx

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@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ where:
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> _d<sub>s</sub>_ = minimum stable rock size (m) for the rockfill, assumed to be the median rock size (<EquationNoRef equation="d_{50}" />)
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> _q<sub>t</sub>_ = unit discharge through the rockfill (m<sup>3</sup>/s/m)
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> _S<sub>o</sub>_ = downstream slope (measured as V/H)
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> _S<sub>o</sub>_ = downstream slope (measured as V/H)
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The minimum stable rock size is calculated as a function of unit discharge and the downstream slope for the minimum, most likely (mode), maximum, and
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mean unit discharges. The critical unit discharge is also calculated for the mean _d<sub>50</sub>_ , and the headwater elevation where that
@@ -76,9 +76,10 @@ dams up to 20 feet tall. The calculations are the same as in Option 1, except fo
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illustrates the calculations for this option.
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<Equation equationKey="equation-15" equation="d_{50} = 0.43S_{o}^{0.43}q_{t}^{0.78}" />
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where:
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> _d<sub>50</sub>_ = median rock size (m) needed for stability
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> _d<sub>50</sub>_ = median rock size (m) needed for stability
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<Figure
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figKey="figure-18"

docs/toolbox-technical-manuals/internal-erosion-suite/breach/v1.1/07-sinkhole.mdx

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@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import VersionSelector from '@site/src/components/VersionSelector';
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# Sinkhole
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This worksheet assesses the stability of residual soil as a function of potential soil void diameter to assess the impact of a sinkhole developing at
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a given location on the of likelihood of breach. Drumm et al. (2009) <Citation citationKey="Drumm2009" /> developed a dimensionless stability chart to evaluate the
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a given location on the likelihood of breach. Drumm et al. (2009) <Citation citationKey="Drumm2009" /> developed a dimensionless stability chart to evaluate the
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stability of residual soils in karst where subsurface voids may exist near the rock contact and collapse of these voids may result in a sinkhole.
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The sinkhole size and location and impounded water level at the time of the sinkhole are critical to evaluating the likelihood of breach due to
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ overtopping with breach. If the sinkhole occurs downstream of the embankment cen
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freeboard, but for this scenario, there is usually sufficient time for intervention and corrective action.
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<FigReference figKey="figure-21" /> shows the idealized profile from Drumm et al. (2009) <Citation citationKey="Drumm2009" /> with residual soil
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thickness (h) above a subsurface void of diameter (_D_) overlying bedrock. A weak zone of thickness <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{3D}{4}" />
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thickness (_h_) above a subsurface void of diameter (_D_) overlying bedrock. A weak zone of thickness <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{3D}{4}" />
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overlying the rock surface is also shown in the figure, which is discussed in [Undrained Stability (Short-Term
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Conditions)](#undrained-stability-short-term-conditions).
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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The thickness (_h_) of the residual soil above the void at the rock surface is c
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where:
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> _H_ = embankment height above the rock contact
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> _D_ = void diameter
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> _D_ = void diameter
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Assuming no internal cavity pressure, the methodology compares a dimensionless stability number for a spherical void in residual soil overlying the
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rock surface for undrained (short-term) and drained (long-term) conditions to a critical dimensionless stability number. From the results of the
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ where:
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> &gamma; = unit weight of the residual clay soil
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> _h_ = soil thickness above the void
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> _c_ = undrained cohesion
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> _c_ = undrained cohesion
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The critical dimensionless stability number for undrained (short-term) conditions as a function of <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{h}{D}" /> is portrayed
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as a stability chart in <FigReference figKey="figure-22" /> and is calculated using <EquationReference equationKey="equation-18" />.
@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ as a stability chart in <FigReference figKey="figure-22" /> and is calculated us
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where:
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> _a_, _b_, _c_, and _d_ = constants (see <TableReference tableKey="table-2" />)
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> _a_, _b_, _c_, and _d_ = constants (see <TableReference tableKey="table-2" />)
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>
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> <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{h}{D}" /> = ratio of the thickness of the residual soil above the void at the rock surface to void diameter
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> <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{h}{D}" /> = ratio of the thickness of the residual soil above the void at the rock surface to void diameter
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To account for the inverted residual soil strength profile in the stability chart, <Citation citationKey="Drumm2009" /> also evaluated a weak zone of
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thickness <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{3D}{4}" /> overlying the rock surface with a reduced cohesion value (_c\*_). The inverted strength factor (_&alpha;_)
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where:
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> _c_ = undrained cohesion for the soil above the weak zone
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> _c\*_ = reduced cohesion for the soil in the weak zone
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> _c\*_ = reduced cohesion for the soil in the weak zone
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The values of the constants for undrained (short-term) conditions are shown in <TableReference tableKey="table-2" /> for values of _a_ equal
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The values of the constants for undrained (short-term) conditions are shown in <TableReference tableKey="table-2" /> for values of _&alpha;_ equal
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to 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 and undrained angle of internal friction (&phi;) equal to zero. Intermediate values are linearly interpolated.
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<TableVertical
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[
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{ value: <EquationNoRef equation="\alpha(\phi = 0^o)" />, rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'a', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'B', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'C', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'D', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'b', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'c', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'd', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: <EquationNoRef equation="R^2" />, rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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],
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]}
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> &gamma; = unit weight of the residual clay soil
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> _h_ = soil thickness above the void
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> _c′_ = effective (drained) cohesion
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> _c′_ = effective (drained) cohesion
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The critical dimensionless stability number for drained (long-term) conditions as a function of <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{h}{D}" /> is
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portrayed as a stability chart in <FigReference figKey="figure-22" /> and is calculated using <EquationReference equationKey="equation-26" />.
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where:
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> _a_, _b_, _c_, and _d_ = constants (see <TableReference tableKey="table-3" />)
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> _a_, _b_, _c_, and _d_ = constants (see <TableReference tableKey="table-3" />)
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>
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> <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{h}{D}" /> = ratio of the thickness of the residual soil above the void at the rock surface to void diameter
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> <EquationNoRef equation="\frac{h}{D}" /> = ratio of the thickness of the residual soil above the void at the rock surface to void diameter
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The values of the constants for drained (long-term) conditions are shown in <TableReference tableKey="table-3" /> for various values of effective
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(drained) angle of internal angle (_&phi;'_). Intermediate values are linearly interpolated.
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(drained) angle of internal friction (_&phi;'_). Intermediate values are linearly interpolated.
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<TableVertical
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tableKey="table-3"
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headers={[
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[
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{ value: 'ɸ′ (deg)', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'A', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'B', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'C', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'a', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'b', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'c', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: 'd', rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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{ value: <EquationNoRef equation="R^2" />, rowSpan: 1, colSpan: 1 },
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],

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