diff --git a/backend/internal/repository/account_repo.go b/backend/internal/repository/account_repo.go
index a8015ddba05..c3c2f6708ae 100644
--- a/backend/internal/repository/account_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/account_repo.go
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ func (r *accountRepository) ListOAuthRefreshCandidates(ctx context.Context) ([]s
 		FROM accounts
 		WHERE deleted_at IS NULL
 			AND status = 'active'
-			AND type = 'oauth'
+			AND type IN ('oauth', 'setup-token')
 			AND platform IN ('anthropic', 'openai', 'gemini', 'antigravity')
 			AND credentials ? 'refresh_token'
 			AND btrim(credentials->>'refresh_token') <> ''
diff --git a/backend/internal/repository/account_repo_temp_unsched_test.go b/backend/internal/repository/account_repo_temp_unsched_test.go
index eb123ee6a39..9c3e4cbdf51 100644
--- a/backend/internal/repository/account_repo_temp_unsched_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/account_repo_temp_unsched_test.go
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ func TestAccountRepository_ListOAuthRefreshCandidates_SQLFilter(t *testing.T) {
 	normalized := normalizeSQLWhitespace(capturedSQL)
 	require.Contains(t, normalized, "deleted_at IS NULL")
 	require.Contains(t, normalized, "status = 'active'")
-	require.Contains(t, normalized, "type = 'oauth'")
+	// setup-token 的 access_token 同为 8h 短期令牌，必须与 oauth 一起纳入后台刷新候选
+	require.Contains(t, normalized, "type IN ('oauth', 'setup-token')")
 	require.Contains(t, normalized, "platform IN ('anthropic', 'openai', 'gemini', 'antigravity')")
 	require.Contains(t, normalized, "credentials ? 'refresh_token'")
 	require.Contains(t, normalized, "btrim(credentials->>'refresh_token') <> ''")
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/token_refresher.go b/backend/internal/service/token_refresher.go
index da5edb782cf..637efc21cc7 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/token_refresher.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/token_refresher.go
@@ -38,11 +38,13 @@ func (r *ClaudeTokenRefresher) CacheKey(account *Account) string {
 }
 
 // CanRefresh 检查是否能处理此账号
-// 只处理 anthropic 平台的 oauth 类型账号
-// setup-token 虽然也是OAuth，但有效期1年，不需要频繁刷新
+// 处理 anthropic 平台的 oauth 与 setup-token 类型账号。
+// 两者的 access_token 均为短期令牌（expires_in=28800，即 8h），到期都需刷新；
+// setup-token 之前被排除会导致其 access_token 过期后请求 401。
+// 此处与手动刷新入口（account.IsOAuth()）保持一致，实际是否刷新由 NeedsRefresh
+// 基于 expires_at 门控，并在分布式锁保护下执行，不会造成过度刷新。
 func (r *ClaudeTokenRefresher) CanRefresh(account *Account) bool {
-	return account.Platform == PlatformAnthropic &&
-		account.Type == AccountTypeOAuth
+	return account.Platform == PlatformAnthropic && account.IsOAuth()
 }
 
 // NeedsRefresh 检查token是否需要刷新
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/token_refresher_test.go b/backend/internal/service/token_refresher_test.go
index d1cf88983b7..84cce1de72e 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/token_refresher_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/token_refresher_test.go
@@ -194,6 +194,12 @@ func TestClaudeTokenRefresher_CanRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 			accType:  AccountTypeOAuth,
 			want:     true,
 		},
+		{
+			name:     "anthropic setup-token - can refresh",
+			platform: PlatformAnthropic,
+			accType:  AccountTypeSetupToken,
+			want:     true,
+		},
 		{
 			name:     "anthropic api-key - cannot refresh",
 			platform: PlatformAnthropic,