Create 03-Operations.md

Author: aachal28

Notes/Basics/03-Operations.md

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+# JavaScript Operations and Conversion Rules 📊
+
+JavaScript provides various operations for performing calculations and manipulating data, along with rules for converting between different data types.
+
+## Conversion Rules
+
+| From       | To         | Conversion                  | Example                            |
+|------------|------------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------|
+| String     | Number     | Use `Number()` function     | `let valueInNumber = Number(score);` |
+| Number     | String     | Use `String()` function     | `let stringNumber = String(someNumber);` |
+| String     | Boolean    | Use `Boolean()` function    | `let booleanIsLoggedIn = Boolean(isLoggedIn);` |
+| Number     | Boolean    | Non-zero numbers convert to `true`, zero converts to `false` | `let isLoggedIn = "hitesh"; let booleanIsLoggedIn = Boolean(isLoggedIn);` |
+
+## Operations
+
+| Operator   | Description                    | Example                      | Result  |
+|------------|--------------------------------|------------------------------|---------|
+| `+`        | Addition                       | `2 + 2`                      | `4`     |
+| `-`        | Subtraction                    | `5 - 3`                      | `2`     |
+| `*`        | Multiplication                 | `4 * 3`                      | `12`    |
+| `/`        | Division                       | `10 / 2`                     | `5`     |
+| `**`       | Exponentiation                 | `2 ** 3`                     | `8`     |
+| `%`        | Modulus (Remainder)            | `10 % 3`                     | `1`     |
+| `++`       | Increment                      | `let gameCounter = 100; ++gameCounter;` | `101`   |
+| `--`       | Decrement                      | `let Counter = 100; Counter++;`       | `101`   |
+
+Avoid complex conversions for clarity and readability. These operations and conversion rules are fundamental in JavaScript for manipulating data and performing calculations.
+
+### Unary Plus and Minus
+- Unary Plus (+): Converts values to numbers.
+- Unary Minus (-): Negates values.
+
+### Increment and Decrement Operators
+- Prefix Increment (++i): Increments the value before using it.
+- Postfix Increment (i++): Uses the value before incrementing it.
+
+## Example: Type Conversion and Operations
+```javascript
+let score = "hitesh";
+let valueInNumber = Number(score);
+console.log(typeof valueInNumber); // Output: "number"
+console.log(valueInNumber);        // Output: NaN (not a number)
+
+let isLoggedIn = "hitesh";
+let booleanIsLoggedIn = Boolean(isLoggedIn);
+console.log(booleanIsLoggedIn);    // Output: true
+
+let num1 = 1;
+let num2 = 2;
+let result = num1++ + ++num2;      // Equivalent to (1 + 3)
+console.log(result);                // Output: 4
+
+```