audiowriter module

locale/circuitpython.pot

@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ msgid "Already have all-matches listener"
 msgstr ""
 
 #: ports/espressif/common-hal/_bleio/__init__.c
+#: shared-module/audiowriter/AudioWriter.c
 msgid "Already in progress"
 msgstr ""
 
@@ -1738,6 +1739,10 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "Only 8 or 16 bit mono with %dx oversampling supported."
 msgstr ""
 
+#: shared-module/audiowriter/AudioWriter.c
+msgid "Only 8/16-bit mono/stereo is supported"
+msgstr ""
+
 #: ports/espressif/common-hal/wifi/__init__.c
 #: ports/raspberrypi/common-hal/wifi/__init__.c
 msgid "Only IPv4 addresses supported"
@@ -2789,6 +2794,10 @@ msgstr ""
 msgid "buffer too small for requested bytes"
 msgstr ""
 
+#: shared-module/audiowriter/AudioWriter.c
+msgid "buffer_size too small for source"
+msgstr ""
+
 #: py/emitbc.c
 msgid "bytecode overflow"
 msgstr ""

main.c

@@ -84,6 +84,10 @@
 #include "shared-module/keypad/__init__.h"
 #endif
 
+#if CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER
+#include "shared-module/audiowriter/AudioWriter.h"
+#endif
+
 #if CIRCUITPY_MEMORYMONITOR
 #include "shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.h"
 #endif
@@ -396,6 +400,10 @@ static void cleanup_after_vm(mp_obj_t exception) {
     keypad_reset();
     #endif
 
+    #if CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER
+    audiowriter_reset();
+    #endif
+
     // Close user-initiated sockets.
     #if CIRCUITPY_SOCKETPOOL
     socketpool_user_reset();

ports/espressif/mpconfigport.mk

@@ -336,6 +336,7 @@ CIRCUITPY_MIPIDSI = 1
 else ifeq ($(IDF_TARGET),esp32s2)
 # Modules
 CIRCUITPY_AUDIOIO ?= 1
+CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER ?= 1
 
 # No I2S peripheral PDM-to-PCM hardware support
 CIRCUITPY_AUDIOBUSIO_PDMIN = 0

ports/raspberrypi/boards/pimoroni_pico_dv_base_w/mpconfigboard.mk

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ CIRCUITPY_SOCKETPOOL = 1
 CIRCUITPY_WIFI = 1
 
 CIRCUITPY_PICODVI = 1
+CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER = 0
 
 CFLAGS += \
     -DCYW43_PIN_WL_DYNAMIC=0 \

ports/raspberrypi/mpconfigport.mk

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ CIRCUITPY_FULL_BUILD ?= 1
 CIRCUITPY_AUDIOMP3 ?= 1
 CIRCUITPY_AUDIOSPEED ?= 1
 CIRCUITPY_AUDIOEFFECTS ?= 1
+CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER ?= 1
 CIRCUITPY_BITOPS ?= 1
 CIRCUITPY_HASHLIB ?= 1
 CIRCUITPY_HASHLIB_MBEDTLS ?= 1

py/circuitpy_defns.mk

@@ -152,6 +152,9 @@ endif
 ifeq ($(CIRCUITPY_AUDIOSPEED),1)
 SRC_PATTERNS += audiospeed/%
 endif
+ifeq ($(CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER),1)
+SRC_PATTERNS += audiowriter/%
+endif
 ifeq ($(CIRCUITPY_AURORA_EPAPER),1)
 SRC_PATTERNS += aurora_epaper/%
 endif
@@ -718,6 +721,8 @@ SRC_SHARED_MODULE_ALL = \
 	audiofilters/__init__.c \
 	audiofreeverb/__init__.c \
 	audiofreeverb/Freeverb.c \
+	audiowriter/AudioWriter.c \
+	audiowriter/__init__.c \
 	audioio/__init__.c \
 	audiomixer/Mixer.c \
 	audiomixer/MixerVoice.c \

py/circuitpy_mpconfig.mk

@@ -174,6 +174,9 @@ CFLAGS += -DCIRCUITPY_AUDIOFILTERS=$(CIRCUITPY_AUDIOFILTERS)
 CIRCUITPY_AUDIOFREEVERB ?= $(CIRCUITPY_AUDIOEFFECTS)
 CFLAGS += -DCIRCUITPY_AUDIOFREEVERB=$(CIRCUITPY_AUDIOFREEVERB)
 
+CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER ?= 0
+CFLAGS += -DCIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER=$(CIRCUITPY_AUDIOWRITER)
+
 CIRCUITPY_AURORA_EPAPER ?= 0
 CFLAGS += -DCIRCUITPY_AURORA_EPAPER=$(CIRCUITPY_AURORA_EPAPER)
 

shared-bindings/audiowriter/AudioWriter.c

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+// This file is part of the CircuitPython project: https://circuitpython.org
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 Tim Cocks for Adafruit Industries
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "shared/runtime/context_manager_helpers.h"
+#include "py/objproperty.h"
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/audiowriter/AudioWriter.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+
+// ~1 s of 16 kHz mono 16-bit PCM. Sized to absorb a worst-case SD-write stall.
+#define AUDIOWRITER_DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE (32 * 1024)
+
+//| class AudioWriter:
+//|     """Streams an audio source to a ``.wav`` file in the background.
+//|
+//|     ``AudioWriter`` is the inverse of `audiocore.WaveFile`: rather than being
+//|     an audio *source* played by an `audioio.AudioOut`, it is a *sink* that
+//|     drives an audio source (a microphone, ``synthio``, or an ``audiofilters``/
+//|     ``audiodelays``/``audiofreeverb``/``audiospeed`` effect chain) and writes
+//|     the resulting PCM to a file as a WAV.
+//|
+//|     Recording runs on a background pump paced to the source's real-time rate,
+//|     so it does not block and does not require a Python read loop."""
+//|
+//|     def __init__(self, file: typing.BinaryIO, *, buffer_size: int = 32768) -> None:
+//|         """Create an ``AudioWriter`` that writes to ``file``.
+//|
+//|         :param typing.BinaryIO file: An already-open writable binary stream
+//|           (a file opened in ``"wb"`` mode, or an `io.BytesIO`). The stream must
+//|           support seeking so the WAV header sizes can be patched when recording
+//|           stops. ``AudioWriter`` does not close it; the caller owns it.
+//|         :param int buffer_size: Size in bytes of the internal RAM ring that
+//|           decouples file-write latency from the source. Larger values tolerate
+//|           longer write stalls (e.g. a slow SD card) at the cost of RAM.
+//|
+//|         The audio format (sample rate, channel count, bit depth) is taken from
+//|         the source at `play()` time, so there are no format arguments here.
+//|
+//|         Recording synthio to SD::
+//|
+//|           import time
+//|           import synthio
+//|           from audiowriter import AudioWriter
+//|           import storage
+//|
+//|           SAMPLE_RATE = 16000
+//|           OUTPUT_PATH = "/sd/demo_file.wav"
+//|
+//|           C_major_scale = [60, 62, 64, 65, 67, 69, 71, 72, 71, 69, 67, 65, 64, 62, 60]
+//|           synth = synthio.Synthesizer(sample_rate=SAMPLE_RATE)
+//|
+//|           with open(OUTPUT_PATH, "wb") as f:
+//|               writer = AudioWriter(f)
+//|               writer.play(synth)
+//|               for note in C_major_scale:
+//|                   synth.press(note)
+//|                   time.sleep(0.1)
+//|                   synth.release(note)
+//|                   time.sleep(0.10)
+//|               writer.stop()
+//|           print("Done ->", OUTPUT_PATH)
+//|         """
+//|         ...
+//|
+static mp_obj_t audiowriter_audiowriter_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, size_t n_kw, const mp_obj_t *all_args) {
+    enum { ARG_file, ARG_buffer_size };
+    static const mp_arg_t allowed_args[] = {
+        { MP_QSTR_file, MP_ARG_OBJ | MP_ARG_REQUIRED, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
+        { MP_QSTR_buffer_size, MP_ARG_INT | MP_ARG_KW_ONLY, {.u_int = AUDIOWRITER_DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE} },
+    };
+    mp_arg_val_t args[MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args)];
+    mp_arg_parse_all_kw_array(n_args, n_kw, all_args, MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args), allowed_args, args);
+
+    // A buffer smaller than one source buffer is useless; require a sane floor.
+    mp_int_t buffer_size = mp_arg_validate_int_min(args[ARG_buffer_size].u_int, 512, MP_QSTR_buffer_size);
+
+    audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self = mp_obj_malloc(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t, &audiowriter_audiowriter_type);
+    common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_construct(self, args[ARG_file].u_obj, (uint32_t)buffer_size);
+
+    return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(self);
+}
+
+static void check_for_deinit(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self) {
+    if (common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_deinited(self)) {
+        raise_deinited_error();
+    }
+}
+
+//|     def deinit(self) -> None:
+//|         """Stops recording (patching the WAV header) and releases resources."""
+//|         ...
+//|
+static mp_obj_t audiowriter_audiowriter_deinit(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
+    common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_deinit(self);
+    return mp_const_none;
+}
+static MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(audiowriter_audiowriter_deinit_obj, audiowriter_audiowriter_deinit);
+
+//|     def __enter__(self) -> AudioWriter:
+//|         """No-op used by Context Managers."""
+//|         ...
+//|
+//  Provided by context manager helper.
+
+//|     def __exit__(self) -> None:
+//|         """Automatically deinitializes when exiting a context. See
+//|         :ref:`lifetime-and-contextmanagers` for more info."""
+//|         ...
+//|
+//  Provided by context manager helper.
+
+//|     def play(self, sample: circuitpython_typing.AudioSample) -> None:
+//|         """Begin recording ``sample`` to the file. Does not block.
+//|
+//|         Writes a WAV header (in the format of ``sample``) and starts the
+//|         background pump. ``sample`` must be an 8-bit or 16-bit mono or stereo
+//|         audio source. Use `playing` to tell when a finite source has finished,
+//|         or call `stop()` to end recording of a continuous source (e.g. a mic)."""
+//|         ...
+//|
+static mp_obj_t audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_play(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t sample_in) {
+    audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
+    check_for_deinit(self);
+    common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_play(self, sample_in);
+    return mp_const_none;
+}
+static MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_2(audiowriter_audiowriter_play_obj, audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_play);
+
+//|     def stop(self) -> None:
+//|         """Stop recording, flush the RAM ring to the file, and patch the WAV
+//|         header sizes. The file is left open for the caller to close."""
+//|         ...
+//|
+static mp_obj_t audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_stop(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
+    check_for_deinit(self);
+    common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_stop(self);
+    return mp_const_none;
+}
+static MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(audiowriter_audiowriter_stop_obj, audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_stop);
+
+//|     playing: bool
+//|     """True while recording is in progress. Becomes False on its own when a
+//|     finite source finishes, or after `stop()`. (read-only)"""
+//|
+static mp_obj_t audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_get_playing(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
+    check_for_deinit(self);
+    return mp_obj_new_bool(common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_get_playing(self));
+}
+static MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(audiowriter_audiowriter_get_playing_obj, audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_get_playing);
+
+MP_PROPERTY_GETTER(audiowriter_audiowriter_playing_obj,
+    (mp_obj_t)&audiowriter_audiowriter_get_playing_obj);
+
+static const mp_rom_map_elem_t audiowriter_audiowriter_locals_dict_table[] = {
+    // Methods
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_deinit), MP_ROM_PTR(&audiowriter_audiowriter_deinit_obj) },
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR___enter__), MP_ROM_PTR(&default___enter___obj) },
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR___exit__), MP_ROM_PTR(&default___exit___obj) },
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_play), MP_ROM_PTR(&audiowriter_audiowriter_play_obj) },
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_stop), MP_ROM_PTR(&audiowriter_audiowriter_stop_obj) },
+
+    // Properties
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_playing), MP_ROM_PTR(&audiowriter_audiowriter_playing_obj) },
+};
+static MP_DEFINE_CONST_DICT(audiowriter_audiowriter_locals_dict, audiowriter_audiowriter_locals_dict_table);
+
+MP_DEFINE_CONST_OBJ_TYPE(
+    audiowriter_audiowriter_type,
+    MP_QSTR_AudioWriter,
+    MP_TYPE_FLAG_HAS_SPECIAL_ACCESSORS,
+    make_new, audiowriter_audiowriter_make_new,
+    locals_dict, &audiowriter_audiowriter_locals_dict
+    );

shared-bindings/audiowriter/AudioWriter.h

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// This file is part of the CircuitPython project: https://circuitpython.org
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 Tim Cocks for Adafruit Industries
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+#include "shared-module/audiowriter/AudioWriter.h"
+
+extern const mp_obj_type_t audiowriter_audiowriter_type;
+
+void common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_construct(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self,
+    mp_obj_t file, uint32_t buffer_size);
+
+void common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_deinit(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self);
+bool common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_deinited(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self);
+
+void common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_play(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self, mp_obj_t sample);
+void common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_stop(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self);
+bool common_hal_audiowriter_audiowriter_get_playing(audiowriter_audiowriter_obj_t *self);

shared-bindings/audiowriter/__init__.c

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// This file is part of the CircuitPython project: https://circuitpython.org
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 Tim Cocks for Adafruit Industries
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+
+#include "shared-bindings/audiowriter/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/audiowriter/AudioWriter.h"
+
+//| """Support for streaming audio to a WAV file"""
+
+static const mp_rom_map_elem_t audiowriter_module_globals_table[] = {
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR___name__), MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_audiowriter) },
+    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_AudioWriter), MP_ROM_PTR(&audiowriter_audiowriter_type) },
+};
+
+static MP_DEFINE_CONST_DICT(audiowriter_module_globals, audiowriter_module_globals_table);
+
+const mp_obj_module_t audiowriter_module = {
+    .base = { &mp_type_module },
+    .globals = (mp_obj_dict_t *)&audiowriter_module_globals,
+};
+
+MP_REGISTER_MODULE(MP_QSTR_audiowriter, audiowriter_module);

shared-bindings/audiowriter/__init__.h

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// This file is part of the CircuitPython project: https://circuitpython.org
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 Tim Cocks for Adafruit Industries
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once