chore(java): bump to arrow-java 19.0.0

[lxyzxx]

Summary

Upgrade the Java modules from Arrow Java 18.3.0 to 19.0.0.

This is intended as a prerequisite for refactoring the Java Flight SQL OAuth implementation to reuse the OAuth abstractions added in Arrow Java 19.0.0.

Follow-up to the discussion in:
#4272 (comment)

Notes

This PR only updates the Arrow Java dependency version. The Flight SQL OAuth implementation refactor will be submitted separately to keep the dependency upgrade and behavior changes easier to review.

[lidavidm]

Thanks!

Tests are failing though

[lxyzxx]

I verified that the failure on Java 25 can be mitigated by adding the following JVM options:

--sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=allow
--add-opens=java.base/java.nio=ALL-UNNAMED

With these flags, the tests pass in my local environment on Java 25. This suggests the issue is related to a compatibility problem between Arrow/Netty and newer JDK behavior, rather than the changes in this PR.

Since this affects CI configuration, this likely needs to be handled at the project level. Possible options could be:

1. Add these JVM options for Java 25 in CI
2. Temporarily exclude Java 25 from CI until upstream compatibility is improved

Based on local testing, these JVM options appear to mitigate the issue and may also work in CI.

[lidavidm]

Can you fix the CI here then?

[lidavidm]

Can we put it here?

arrow-adbc/java/pom.xml

Line 201 in 257e3a2

<argLine>--add-opens=java.base/java.nio=ALL-UNNAMED</argLine>

[lidavidm]

Possibly we need a profile that adds it only on Java 25+

[lxyzxx]

I’ve moved the workaround into java/pom.xml and added a Java 25+ profile to apply the flag conditionally.
Does this approach look good to you?