GH-50295: [C++][R] #include <ranges> in vector_select_k.cc breaks macOS CRAN and wasm builds (#50297)

### Rationale for this change

R build failures due CRAN toolchain

### What changes are included in this PR?

Use version of functions available on CRAN toolchain

### Are these changes tested?

By existing CI jobs, and additional unit tests.

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No
* GitHub Issue: #50295

Lead-authored-by: Nic Crane <thisisnic@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>
Signed-off-by: Nic Crane <thisisnic@gmail.com>

Author: 2 people