Deprecate Java 8 (#35064)

Abacn · web-flow · commit 9a7914b81d2a · 2025-06-02T16:10:39.000-04:00
* Deprecate Java 8

* Java 8 client now using Java 11 SDK container

* adjust non LTS fallback to use the next LTS instead of the nearest LTS. Previously Java18 falls back to Java17, which won't work

* Emit warning when Java 8 is used. Java8 is still
  supported until Beam 3.0

* Clean up subproject build file requiring Java9+

* Require java 11 to build SDK container

* fix workflow

* Simplify XVR test workflow

* Fix Samza PVR
diff --git a/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_Java_Examples_Dataflow_Java.json b/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_Java_Examples_Dataflow_Java.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"revision":  1}
diff --git a/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_Java_Examples_Dataflow_V2.json b/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_Java_Examples_Dataflow_V2.json
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 {
   "comment": "Modify this file in a trivial way to cause this test suite to run",
-  "modification": 1
+  "modification": 2
 }
diff --git a/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_Java_Jpms_Flink_Java11.json b/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_Java_Jpms_Flink_Java11.json
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {
-    "https://github.com/apache/beam/pull/32648": "testing flink 1.19 support"
+    "revision": 1
 }
diff --git a/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Direct.json b/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Direct.json
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 {
   "https://github.com/apache/beam/pull/32648": "testing Flink 1.19 support",
-  "modification": 1
+  "modification": 2
 }
diff --git a/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Samza.json b/.github/trigger_files/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Samza.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{}
+{"modification":  1}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Direct.yml b/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Direct.yml
@@ -74,29 +74,16 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-environment-action
         with:
-          python-version: |
-            3.9
-            ${{ matrix.python_version }}
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       - name: run PostCommit XVR Direct script
         env:
           CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version != '3.9' }}
         uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
         with:
           gradle-command: :sdks:python:test-suites:direct:xlang:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
           arguments: |
             -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=true \
-      - name: run PostCommit XVR Direct script
-        env:
-          CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version == '3.9' }}
-        uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
-        with:
-          gradle-command: :sdks:python:test-suites:direct:xlang:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
-          arguments: |
-            -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=false \
+            -PskipNonPythonTask=${{ (matrix.python_version == '3.9' && true) || false }} \
       - name: Archive JUnit Test Results
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: ${{ !success() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Flink.yml b/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Flink.yml
@@ -75,29 +75,16 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-environment-action
         with:
-          python-version: |
-            3.9
-            ${{ matrix.python_version }}
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       - name: run PostCommit XVR Flink script
         env:
           CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version != '3.9' }}
         uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
         with:
           gradle-command: :runners:flink:${{ env.FlinkVersion }}:job-server:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
           arguments: |
             -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=true \
-      - name: run PostCommit XVR Flink script
-        env:
-          CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version == '3.9' }}
-        uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
-        with:
-          gradle-command: :runners:flink:${{ env.FlinkVersion }}:job-server:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
-          arguments: |
-            -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=false \
+            -PskipNonPythonTask=${{ (matrix.python_version == '3.9' && true) || false }} \
       - name: Archive JUnit Test Results
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: ${{ !success() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Samza.yml b/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Samza.yml
@@ -75,30 +75,21 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-environment-action
         # TODO(https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/32208) move to Java11 after bump to Samza 1.8
         with:
-          java-version: 8
+          java-version: |
+            11
+            8
           python-version: |
-            3.9
             ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       - name: run PostCommit XVR Samza script
         env:
           CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version != '3.9' }}
         uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
         with:
           gradle-command: :runners:samza:job-server:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
           arguments: |
             -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=true \
-      - name: run PostCommit XVR Samza script
-        env:
-          CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version == '3.9' }}
-        uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
-        with:
-          gradle-command: :runners:samza:job-server:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
-          arguments: |
-            -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=false \
+            -Pjava11Home=$JAVA_HOME_11_X64 \
+            -PskipNonPythonTask=${{ (matrix.python_version == '3.9' && true) || false }} \
       - name: Archive JUnit Test Results
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: ${{ !success() }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Spark3.yml b/.github/workflows/beam_PostCommit_XVR_Spark3.yml
@@ -74,29 +74,16 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-environment-action
         with:
-          python-version: |
-            3.9
-            ${{ matrix.python_version }}
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
       - name: run PostCommit XVR Spark3 script
         env:
           CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version != '3.9' }}
         uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
         with:
           gradle-command: :runners:spark:3:job-server:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
           arguments: |
             -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=true \
-      - name: run PostCommit XVR Spark3 script
-        env:
-          CLOUDSDK_CONFIG: ${{ env.KUBELET_GCLOUD_CONFIG_PATH}}
-        if: ${{ matrix.python_version == '3.9' }}
-        uses: ./.github/actions/gradle-command-self-hosted-action
-        with:
-          gradle-command: :runners:spark:3:job-server:validatesCrossLanguageRunner
-          arguments: |
-            -PpythonVersion=${{ matrix.python_version }} \
-            -PskipNonPythonTask=false \
+            -PskipNonPythonTask=${{ (matrix.python_version == '3.9' && true) || false }} \
       - name: Archive JUnit Test Results
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: ${{ !success() }}
diff --git a/CHANGES.md b/CHANGES.md
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@
 ## Beam 3.0.0 Development Highlights
 
 * New highly anticipated feature ([X](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/X)) to address Milestone Y ([#Y](https://github.com/apache/beam/issues/Y)).
+* [Java] Java 8 support is now deprecated. It is still supported until Beam 3.
+  From now, pipeline submitted by Java 8 client uses Java 11 SDK container for
+  remote pipeline execution ([35064](https://github.com/apache/beam/pull/35064)).
 
 ## Highlights
 
diff --git a/buildSrc/src/main/groovy/org/apache/beam/gradle/BeamModulePlugin.groovy b/buildSrc/src/main/groovy/org/apache/beam/gradle/BeamModulePlugin.groovy
@@ -454,18 +454,15 @@ class BeamModulePlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
     return 'beam' + p.path.replace(':', '-')
   }
 
-  static def getSupportedJavaVersion() {
-    if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8) {
-      return 'java8'
-    } else if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_11) {
+  /** Get version for Java SDK container */
+  static def getSupportedJavaVersion(String assignedVersion = null) {
+    JavaVersion ver = assignedVersion ? JavaVersion.toVersion(assignedVersion) : JavaVersion.current()
+    if (ver <= JavaVersion.VERSION_11) {
       return 'java11'
-    } else if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_17) {
+    } else if (ver <= JavaVersion.VERSION_17) {
       return 'java17'
-    } else if (JavaVersion.current() == JavaVersion.VERSION_21) {
-      return 'java21'
     } else {
-      String exceptionMessage = "Your Java version is unsupported. You need Java version of 8, 11, 17 or 21 to get started, but your Java version is: " + JavaVersion.current();
-      throw new GradleException(exceptionMessage)
+      return 'java21'
     }
   }
 
@@ -2653,8 +2650,8 @@ class BeamModulePlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
         // see https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BEAM-6698
         maxHeapSize = '4g'
         if (config.environment == PortableValidatesRunnerConfiguration.Environment.DOCKER) {
-          def ver = project.findProperty('testJavaVersion')
-          def javaContainerSuffix = ver ? "java$ver" : getSupportedJavaVersion()
+          String ver = project.findProperty('testJavaVersion')
+          def javaContainerSuffix = getSupportedJavaVersion(ver)
           dependsOn ":sdks:java:container:${javaContainerSuffix}:docker"
         }
       }
diff --git a/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/DataflowRunner.java b/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/DataflowRunner.java
@@ -492,23 +492,13 @@ && isServiceEndpoint(dataflowOptions.getDataflowEndpoint())) {
               + "' invalid. Please make sure the value is non-negative.");
     }
 
-    // Verify that if recordJfrOnGcThrashing is set, the pipeline is at least on java 11
-    if (dataflowOptions.getRecordJfrOnGcThrashing()
-        && Environments.getJavaVersion() == Environments.JavaVersion.java8) {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-          "recordJfrOnGcThrashing is only supported on java 9 and up.");
-    }
-
     if (dataflowOptions.isStreaming() && dataflowOptions.getGcsUploadBufferSizeBytes() == null) {
       dataflowOptions.setGcsUploadBufferSizeBytes(GCS_UPLOAD_BUFFER_SIZE_BYTES_DEFAULT);
     }
 
     // Adding the Java version to the SDK name for user's and support convenience.
-    String agentJavaVer = "(JRE 8 environment)";
-    if (Environments.getJavaVersion() != Environments.JavaVersion.java8) {
-      agentJavaVer =
-          String.format("(JRE %s environment)", Environments.getJavaVersion().specification());
-    }
+    String agentJavaVer =
+        String.format("(JRE %s environment)", Environments.getJavaVersion().specification());
 
     DataflowRunnerInfo dataflowRunnerInfo = DataflowRunnerInfo.getDataflowRunnerInfo();
     String userAgentName = dataflowRunnerInfo.getName();
diff --git a/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/src/main/resources/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/dataflow.properties b/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/src/main/resources/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/dataflow.properties
@@ -21,3 +21,6 @@ fnapi.environment.major.version=@dataflow.fnapi_environment_major_version@
 legacy.container.version=@dataflow.legacy_container_version@
 fnapi.container.version=@dataflow.fnapi_container_version@
 container.base_repository=@dataflow.container_base_repository@
+
+
+
diff --git a/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/worker/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/worker/status/WorkerStatusPages.java b/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/worker/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/worker/status/WorkerStatusPages.java
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 import org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.worker.status.DebugCapture.Capturable;
 import org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.worker.util.MemoryMonitor;
-import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.construction.Environments;
 import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler;
@@ -59,9 +58,7 @@ public class WorkerStatusPages {
     addServlet(threadzServlet);
     addServlet(new HealthzServlet(healthyIndicator));
     addServlet(new HeapzServlet(memoryMonitor));
-    if (Environments.getJavaVersion() != Environments.JavaVersion.java8) {
-      addServlet(new JfrzServlet(memoryMonitor));
-    }
+    addServlet(new JfrzServlet(memoryMonitor));
     addServlet(statuszServlet);
 
     // Add default capture pages (threadz, statusz)
diff --git a/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/worker/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/worker/util/MemoryMonitor.java b/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/worker/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/worker/util/MemoryMonitor.java
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
 import org.apache.beam.sdk.io.fs.ResourceId;
 import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.PipelineOptions;
 import org.apache.beam.sdk.options.SdkHarnessOptions;
-import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.construction.Environments;
 import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
 import org.apache.beam.vendor.guava.v32_1_2_jre.com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
@@ -246,10 +245,6 @@ public static MemoryMonitor fromOptions(PipelineOptions options) {
 
     Duration jfrProfileDuration;
     if (uploadToGCSPath != null && debugOptions.getRecordJfrOnGcThrashing()) {
-      if (Environments.getJavaVersion() == Environments.JavaVersion.java8) {
-        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-            "recordJfrOnGcThrashing is only supported on java 9 and up.");
-      }
       jfrProfileDuration = Duration.ofSeconds(debugOptions.getJfrRecordingDurationSec());
     } else {
       jfrProfileDuration = null;
@@ -314,13 +309,7 @@ private MemoryMonitor(
     this.localDumpFolder = localDumpFolder;
     this.workerId = workerId;
     this.clock = clock;
-
-    if (Environments.getJavaVersion() != Environments.JavaVersion.java8) {
-      LOG.info("Uploading JFR profiles when GC thrashing is detected");
-      this.jfrInterop = new JfrInterop();
-    } else {
-      this.jfrInterop = null;
-    }
+    this.jfrInterop = new JfrInterop();
   }
 
   /** For testing only: Wait for the monitor to be running. */
diff --git a/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/worker/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/worker/util/MemoryMonitorTest.java b/runners/google-cloud-dataflow-java/worker/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/runners/dataflow/worker/util/MemoryMonitorTest.java
@@ -18,12 +18,9 @@
 package org.apache.beam.runners.dataflow.worker.util;
 
 import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
-import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
-import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.not;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-import static org.junit.Assume.assumeThat;
 
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -34,7 +31,6 @@
 import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
-import org.apache.beam.sdk.util.construction.Environments;
 import org.hamcrest.Matchers;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Rule;
@@ -168,8 +164,6 @@ public void uploadToGcs() throws Exception {
 
   @Test
   public void uploadJfrProfilesOnThrashing() throws Exception {
-    assumeThat(Environments.getJavaVersion(), is(not(Environments.JavaVersion.java8)));
-
     File remoteFolder = tempFolder.newFolder();
     monitor =
         MemoryMonitor.forTest(
diff --git a/sdks/java/core/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/util/construction/Environments.java b/sdks/java/core/src/main/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/util/construction/Environments.java
@@ -95,7 +95,6 @@ public class Environments {
           .build();
 
   public enum JavaVersion {
-    java8("java", "1.8", 8),
     java11("java11", "11", 11),
     java17("java17", "17", 17),
     java21("java21", "21", 21);
@@ -131,20 +130,30 @@ public static JavaVersion forSpecification(String specification) {
         }
       }
 
-      JavaVersion fallback = null;
+      if (specification.startsWith("1.")) {
+        // for Java 8 and below
+        specification = specification.substring(2);
+      }
       int specificationInt = Integer.parseInt(specification);
+      JavaVersion fallback = java21;
       int minDistance = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
       for (JavaVersion candidate : JavaVersion.values()) {
-        int distance = Math.abs(candidate.specificationInt - specificationInt);
-        if (distance <= minDistance) {
+        int distance = candidate.specificationInt - specificationInt;
+        if (distance >= 0 && distance <= minDistance) {
           fallback = candidate;
           minDistance = distance;
         }
       }
-      LOG.warn(
-          "Unsupported Java version: {}, falling back to: {}",
-          specification,
-          fallback.specification);
+      if (specification.equals("8")) {
+        LOG.warn(
+            "Java8 support is now deprecated and targeted for removal for Beam 3. Falling back to: {}",
+            fallback.specification);
+      } else {
+        LOG.warn(
+            "Unsupported Java version: {}, falling back to: {}",
+            specification,
+            fallback.specification);
+      }
       return fallback;
     }
 
diff --git a/sdks/java/core/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/util/construction/EnvironmentsTest.java b/sdks/java/core/src/test/java/org/apache/beam/sdk/util/construction/EnvironmentsTest.java
diff --git a/sdks/java/testing/jpms-tests/build.gradle b/sdks/java/testing/jpms-tests/build.gradle

Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@`
`1`	`1`	`{`
`2`	`2`	`"comment": "Modify this file in a trivial way to cause this test suite to run",`
`3`		`- "modification": 1`
	`3`	`+ "modification": 2`
`4`	`4`	`}`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@`
`1`	`1`	`{`
`2`		`- "https://github.com/apache/beam/pull/32648": "testing flink 1.19 support"`
	`2`	`+ "revision": 1`
`3`	`3`	`}`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@`
`1`	`1`	`{`
`2`	`2`	`"https://github.com/apache/beam/pull/32648": "testing Flink 1.19 support",`
`3`		`- "modification": 1`
	`3`	`+ "modification": 2`
`4`	`4`	`}`