Implement FFI table provider factory (#20326)

> ## Which issue does this PR close?
> * Closes [expose TableProviderFactory via
FFI #17942](#17942)
> 

This PR is re-opening PR #17994 and updating it to match the current FFI
approach (I.e., I made it look like the FFI_TableProvider in various
places).

> ## Rationale for this change
> Expose `TableProviderFactory` via FFI to enable external languages
(e.g., Python) to implement custom table provider factories and extend
DataFusion with new data source types.
> 
> ## What changes are included in this PR?
> * Added `datafusion/ffi/src/table_provider_factory.rs` with:
>   
> * `FFI_TableProviderFactory`: Stable C ABI struct with function
pointers for `create`, `clone`, `release`, and `version`
> * `ForeignTableProviderFactory`: Wrapper implementing
`TableProviderFactory` trait
> 
> ## Are these changes tested?
> Yes
> 

I've also added the integration tests as requested in the original PR.

> ## Are there any user-facing changes?
> Yes - new FFI API that enables custom `TableProviderFactory`
implementations in foreign languages. This is an additive change with no
breaking changes to existing APIs.

Also, I'd like to thank @Weijun-H for the initial version of this PR as
it simplified getting up to speed on the serialization logic that I
hadn't encountered yet.

---------

Co-authored-by: Weijun-H <huangweijun1001@gmail.com>

Author: davisp

datafusion/ffi/src/lib.rs

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ pub mod record_batch_stream;
 pub mod schema_provider;
 pub mod session;
 pub mod table_provider;
+pub mod table_provider_factory;
 pub mod table_source;
 pub mod udaf;
 pub mod udf;