fix: DataFusion benchmark panicked: failed to cast '2013-07-01' to UInt16

[xiedeyantu]

Which issue does this PR close?

• Closes DataFusion benchmark panicked: failed to cast '2013-07-01' to UInt16 #21497.

Rationale for this change

What changes are included in this PR?

Are these changes tested?

Are there any user-facing changes?

[xiedeyantu]

A problem was exposed during the benchmark tests in #21236, as follows:

thread 'main' (37232) panicked at datafusion/core/benches/sql_planner.rs:57:14:
called `Result::unwrap()` on an `Err` value: Context("Optimizer rule 'simplify_expressions' failed", ArrowError(CastError("Cannot cast string '2013-07-01' to value of UInt16 type"), Some("")))
note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
error: bench failed, to rerun pass `-p datafusion --bench sql_planner`

I've attempted to make an adjustment, though I'm not entirely sure if it's correct. If you have a moment, could you please take a look? Thanks! @xudong963 @neilconway
I referred to this source, but I'm not sure if this approach is correct, or perhaps there is an issue with my PR; I currently don't know how to pinpoint the problem. link