[fix](scan) Fix OOB crash in partition column generation for Iceberg/Paimon tables (#62177)

### What problem does this PR solve?

Problem Summary:

```
3# raise at ../sysdeps/posix/raise.c:27
 4# abort at ./stdlib/abort.c:81
 5# 0x0000556DDAC000A1 in /mnt/hdd01/ci/doris-deploy-master-local/be/lib/doris_be
 6# std::vector, std::allocator >, std::allocator, std::allocator > > >::operator[](unsigned long) const at /usr/local/ldb-toolchain-v0.26/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/15/include/g++-v15/bits/stl_vector.h:1282
 7# doris::FileScanner::_generate_partition_columns() at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/file_scanner.cpp:1653
 8# doris::FileScanner::_get_next_reader() at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/file_scanner.cpp:957
 9# doris::FileScanner::_get_block_wrapped(doris::RuntimeState*, doris::Block*, bool*) at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/file_scanner.cpp:439
10# doris::FileScanner::_get_block_impl(doris::RuntimeState*, doris::Block*, bool*) at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/file_scanner.cpp:403
11# doris::Scanner::get_block(doris::RuntimeState*, doris::Block*, bool*) at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/scanner.cpp:143
12# doris::Scanner::get_block_after_projects(doris::RuntimeState*, doris::Block*, bool*) at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/scanner.cpp:119
13# doris::ScannerScheduler::_scanner_scan(std::shared_ptr, std::shared_ptr) at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/scanner_scheduler.cpp:179
14# doris::ScannerScheduler::submit(std::shared_ptr, std::shared_ptr)::$_0::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const at ./be/build_ASAN/../src/exec/scan/scanner_scheduler.cpp:76
```

### Release note

BE crashes with SIGABRT (vector out-of-bounds) in
`FileScanner::_generate_partition_columns()` when scanning Iceberg or
Paimon partitioned tables.

Root cause: `_partition_slot_index_map` is built once from the first
scan range's `columns_from_path_keys`, but different ranges may have
different `columns_from_path` sizes due to:

1. **Iceberg partition evolution**: Tables evolving from non-identity
transforms (e.g., `day(ts)`) to identity transforms (`ts`).
`IcebergUtils.getPartitionInfoMap()` returns null for non-identity
transforms, so `setIcebergParams()` leaves `columnsFromPath` as an empty
list for those ranges while populating it for identity-transform ranges.

2. **Paimon mixed reader paths**: Native reader splits (Parquet/ORC)
call `setPaimonPartitionValues(partitionInfoMap)`, but JNI scanner
splits (for merge-required or unsupported-format data) skip this call
entirely, leaving `paimonPartitionValues` as null.

The root cause is that `createFileRangeDesc()` unconditionally called
`setColumnsFromPath([])` for all ranges, setting the Thrift `__isset`
flag to true even with an empty list. When BE sees `__isset=true`, it
enters the partition column loop and crashes on out-of-bounds access for
ranges that were never populated with actual partition values.

Fix:

- **FileQueryScanNode.createFileRangeDesc()**: Only call
`setColumnsFromPath()` and `setColumnsFromPathKeys()` when
`columnsFromPathKeys` is non-empty. This keeps `__isset=false` for
Iceberg/Paimon ranges that have no path-derived partition keys, so BE
skips partition column generation entirely for those ranges. Ranges that
do have partition values (set later by
`setIcebergParams`/`setPaimonParams`) work correctly since they
explicitly call `setColumnsFromPath()` with actual values.
- **PaimonScanNode**: Additionally set partition values on JNI scanner
splits (previously missing), enabling runtime filter partition pruning
for JNI splits.

Fix a BE crash (SIGABRT) that could occur when querying Iceberg tables
with partition evolution or Paimon tables with mixed-format data splits.

Author: kaka11chen

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/FileQueryScanNode.java

@@ -539,8 +539,10 @@ private TFileRangeDesc createFileRangeDesc(FileSplit fileSplit, List<String> col
         // fileSize only be used when format is orc or parquet and TFileType is broker
         // When TFileType is other type, it is not necessary
         rangeDesc.setFileSize(fileSplit.getFileLength());
-        rangeDesc.setColumnsFromPath(columnsFromPath);
-        rangeDesc.setColumnsFromPathKeys(columnsFromPathKeys);
+        if (!columnsFromPathKeys.isEmpty()) {
+            rangeDesc.setColumnsFromPath(columnsFromPath);
+            rangeDesc.setColumnsFromPathKeys(columnsFromPathKeys);
+        }
 
         rangeDesc.setFileType(fileSplit.getLocationType());
         rangeDesc.setPath(fileSplit.getPath().toStorageLocation().toString());

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/paimon/source/PaimonScanNode.java

@@ -443,7 +443,9 @@ public List<Split> getSplits(int numBackends) throws UserException {
                 if (ignoreSplitType == SessionVariable.IgnoreSplitType.IGNORE_JNI) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                splits.add(new PaimonSplit(dataSplit));
+                PaimonSplit jniSplit = new PaimonSplit(dataSplit);
+                jniSplit.setPaimonPartitionValues(partitionInfoMap);
+                splits.add(jniSplit);
                 ++paimonSplitNum;
             }