[refactor](Expr) move Expr and its related class to fe-catalog module (#62440)

### What problem does this PR solve?

Problem Summary:

This pull request makes several important changes to the `fe-catalog`
module, primarily focused on dependency management, build configuration,
and refactoring code from `fe-core` to `fe-catalog`. The changes also
simplify exception messages and update method signatures for better
clarity and maintainability.

**Dependency and Build Configuration Updates:**

* Added new dependencies to `fe-catalog/pom.xml`, including
`fe-foundation`, `fe-type`, `commons-collections4`, and
`antlr4-runtime`, to support parsing and type utilities.
* Introduced the `antlr4-maven-plugin` to the build plugins in `pom.xml`
for automatic ANTLR grammar processing during the build.

**Code Refactoring and Cleanup:**

* Moved several analysis classes (`CompoundPredicate`, `DecimalLiteral`,
`EncryptKeyName`) from `fe-core` to `fe-catalog`, and updated their
package references accordingly.
[[1]](diffhunk://#diff-948d0b0d5c53081ca071883defe825b2e61237bd06a9ed74c2dde034fc47ea36L112-R116)
[[2]](diffhunk://#diff-aadad556e434b3d4f441ea9a15daddc5e021934d2d3a61629029cc8a4b056f8bL188-R188)
[[3]](diffhunk://#diff-8fde91d35b6b3c4a25cdae6a87af1a7f955148dc79321ff349a0b97f753fa783L21-L24)

**Code Simplification and Error Handling Improvements:**

* Simplified exception messages in `DecimalLiteral` and
`CompoundPredicate` by removing the use of `ExprToSqlVisitor` and
instead using the object's `toString()` representation.
[[1]](diffhunk://#diff-948d0b0d5c53081ca071883defe825b2e61237bd06a9ed74c2dde034fc47ea36L112-R116)
[[2]](diffhunk://#diff-aadad556e434b3d4f441ea9a15daddc5e021934d2d3a61629029cc8a4b056f8bL188-R188)
* Changed the `analyze` method in `EncryptKeyName` to accept a `String
defaultDb` instead of a `ConnectContext`, and replaced usage of
`ErrorReport` with direct exception throwing for missing database
selection.

### Release note

None

### Check List (For Author)

- Test <!-- At least one of them must be included. -->
    - [ ] Regression test
    - [ ] Unit Test
    - [ ] Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
    - [x] No need to test or manual test. Explain why:
- [x] This is a refactor/code format and no logic has been changed.
        - [ ] Previous test can cover this change.
        - [ ] No code files have been changed.
        - [ ] Other reason <!-- Add your reason?  -->

- Behavior changed:
    - [x] No.
    - [ ] Yes. <!-- Explain the behavior change -->

- Does this need documentation?
    - [x] No.
- [ ] Yes. <!-- Add document PR link here. eg:
apache/doris-website#1214 -->

### Check List (For Reviewer who merge this PR)

- [ ] Confirm the release note
- [ ] Confirm test cases
- [ ] Confirm document
- [ ] Add branch pick label <!-- Add branch pick label that this PR
should merge into -->

Author: morrySnow

fe/fe-catalog/pom.xml

@@ -33,11 +33,31 @@ under the License.
 
     <dependencies>
         <!-- Only depend on fe-common for basic types and utilities -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+            <artifactId>fe-foundation</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
             <artifactId>fe-common</artifactId>
             <version>${project.version}</version>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+            <artifactId>fe-type</artifactId>
+            <version>${project.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
+            <artifactId>antlr4-runtime</artifactId>
+            <version>${antlr4.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
 
         <!-- Test dependencies -->
         <dependency>
@@ -51,6 +71,26 @@ under the License.
         <finalName>doris-fe-catalog</finalName>
         <directory>${project.basedir}/target/</directory>
         <plugins>
+            <!--antlr-->
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
+                <artifactId>antlr4-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>${antlr4.version}</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>antlr</id>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>antlr4</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+                <configuration>
+                    <visitor>true</visitor>
+                    <sourceDirectory>src/main/antlr4</sourceDirectory>
+                    <treatWarningsAsErrors>true</treatWarningsAsErrors>
+                    <libDirectory>src/main/antlr4/org/apache/doris/parser</libDirectory>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
             <!-- Build source jar -->
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>