From 797b02206ff43f623b016097d906e7acff34a905 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Daniel Sun <sunlan@apache.org>
Date: Sat, 23 May 2026 15:53:00 +0900
Subject: [PATCH] GROOVY-12035: Avoid emitting unreachable GOTO in if/else
 bytecode generation

---
 .../groovy/classgen/asm/StatementWriter.java  |   4 +-
 .../asm/IfElseBytecodeReachabilityTest.groovy | 101 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 104 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 src/test/groovy/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/IfElseBytecodeReachabilityTest.groovy

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/StatementWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/StatementWriter.java
index d3d47088228..5b3d2fca0a6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/StatementWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/StatementWriter.java
@@ -449,7 +449,9 @@ public void writeIfElse(final IfStatement statement) {
         if (statement.getElseBlock().isEmpty()) {
             mv.visitLabel(elsePath);
         } else {
-            mv.visitJumpInsn(GOTO, exitPath);
+            if (maybeFallsThrough(statement.getIfBlock())) {
+                mv.visitJumpInsn(GOTO, exitPath);
+            }
             mv.visitLabel(elsePath);
             statement.getElseBlock().visit(controller.getAcg());
         }
diff --git a/src/test/groovy/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/IfElseBytecodeReachabilityTest.groovy b/src/test/groovy/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/IfElseBytecodeReachabilityTest.groovy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28aa14757ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/groovy/org/codehaus/groovy/classgen/asm/IfElseBytecodeReachabilityTest.groovy
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ *  or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ *  distributed with this work for additional information
+ *  regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ *  to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ *  "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ *  with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ *  software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ *  "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ *  KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ *  specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ *  under the License.
+ */
+package org.codehaus.groovy.classgen.asm
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+
+final class IfElseBytecodeReachabilityTest extends AbstractBytecodeTestCase {
+
+    @Test
+    void testDynamicIfElseWithReturnDoesNotEmitSyntheticExitJump() {
+        assertNoUnreachableBytecodeAndResult('''
+            boolean flag = [true].first()
+            if (flag) {
+                return 1
+            } else {
+                return 2
+            }
+        ''', 1)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testStaticIfElseWithReturnDoesNotEmitSyntheticExitJump() {
+        assertNoUnreachableBytecodeAndResult(method: 'runIt', '''
+            import groovy.transform.CompileStatic
+
+            @CompileStatic
+            int runIt() {
+                boolean flag = Boolean.TRUE
+                if (flag) {
+                    return 1
+                } else {
+                    return 2
+                }
+            }
+
+            runIt()
+        ''', 1)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testDynamicIfElseWithThrowDoesNotEmitSyntheticExitJump() {
+        assertNoUnreachableBytecodeAndResult(method: 'pick', '''
+            int pick(final boolean flag) {
+                if (flag) {
+                    throw new IllegalStateException('boom')
+                } else {
+                    return 2
+                }
+            }
+
+            pick(false)
+        ''', 2)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testNestedAbruptSyntaxCombinationDoesNotEmitSyntheticExitJump() {
+        assertNoUnreachableBytecodeAndResult(method: 'runIt', '''
+            int runIt() {
+                int mode = 1
+                if (mode == 1) {
+                    switch (mode) {
+                        case 1:
+                            return 10
+                        default:
+                            return 20
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    return 30
+                }
+            }
+
+            runIt()
+        ''', 10)
+    }
+
+    private void assertNoUnreachableBytecodeAndResult(final String source, final Object expected) {
+        assertNoUnreachableBytecodeAndResult([:], source, expected)
+    }
+
+    private void assertNoUnreachableBytecodeAndResult(final Map options, final String source, final Object expected) {
+        def unreachable = compileAndFindUnreachableInstructions(options, source)
+        assert unreachable.isEmpty(): "Unexpected unreachable instructions: ${unreachable}\n${sequence}"
+        assert new GroovyShell().evaluate(source) == expected
+    }
+}