feat: add spdlog dependency to implement logging

[wgtmac]

Added spdlog as a third-party dependency to implement logger support. My plan is to add a logger interface so we don't expose spdlog symbols externally (just like what we did with nanoarrow and nlohman-json).

[Kelvinyu1117]

I would like to suggest an alternative:
https://github.com/odygrd/quill

I used this logger professionally for ultra low latency application, maybe we can have a look.

[wgtmac]

Perhaps we can design a pluggable logger interface so that downstream projects can plug in their own logger of choice.

[lidavidm]

Adding the logger interface makes sense. I'm not sure this library will log so much that logger performance will be a concern?

[zhjwpku]

+1 for adding the logger interface.
It seems easier for iceberg, but for iceberg-bundle, the logger needs to handle not just iceberg but also libraries like Arrow, Avro, and others that have their own logging interfaces.

[yingcai-cy]

+1 to pluggable logging interface，I'll take a look into this later.

[Xuanwo]

Thank you for working on this!