infra: optimize python ci (#2931) #7462

Job	Run time
integration-test-s3	1m 16s
integration-test-adls	1m 21s
integration-test	10m 47s
lint-and-unit-test (3.12)	3m 2s
lint-and-unit-test (3.13)	3m 5s
lint-and-unit-test (3.11)	2m 36s
integration-test-gcs	1m 26s
lint-and-unit-test (3.10)	2m 47s
integration-coverage-report	27s
	26m 47s

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